This article explored the influence of molding density of TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic on densification of ceramic body and grain growth. By the main phase and second phase analysis of TiO<sub>2&...This article explored the influence of molding density of TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic on densification of ceramic body and grain growth. By the main phase and second phase analysis of TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic through XRD and EDAX, the effects of the second phrase on TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic were studied. Grain size and its distribution were observed through scanning electron microscope and the density of porcelain body was measured. The effects of grain size, distribution and density of ceramic body on electrical property of TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic were the focus issue for analysis. The increased molding density would improve the densifying of magnetic body to some extent and promote grain growth.展开更多
Polydimethylsiloxane containing methacryloyloxy and methoxy silane groups(MAPDMS)-microcapsule-SiO_(2)(MPMS)functional materials were prepared by constructing micro-nano hierarchical structures on the surface of MAPDM...Polydimethylsiloxane containing methacryloyloxy and methoxy silane groups(MAPDMS)-microcapsule-SiO_(2)(MPMS)functional materials were prepared by constructing micro-nano hierarchical structures on the surface of MAPDMS matrix.Herein,MAPDMS@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide/dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride(MAPDMS@PGMA_(m)/GO/QC18)self-healing microcapsules with compact multi-shell structure were synthesized and combined with nano-SiO_(2)to construct the hierarchical structures.Furthermore,ultraviolet(UV)/moisture dual curing mode was introduced into deep curing reaction and efficient self-healing reaction of the MPMS.The results show that the introduction of UV/moisture dual curing mode and micro-nano hierarchical structure gives MPMS functional materials excellent mechanical properties,antifouling properties,self-healing properties,antibacterial properties.The shear strength and tensile strength of MPMS increase from 3.32 and 4.26 MPa of MAPDMS to 3.81 and 5.06 MPa,respectively.Its static contact angle increases from 115.9°of MAPDMS to 156.5°,its slide angle decreases from 68.5°of MAPDMS to 7.8°,respectively.The antifouling performance of MPMS against seawater,soy sauce,juice,coffee,protein,other contaminants is effectively improved compared with MAPDMS matrix.At the same time,the tensile strength and elongation at break of MPMS after healing reach 98.22%and 96.57%of those in original state,respectively.In addition,the antibacterial rates of MPMS against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reach 99.85%and 100%,respectively.The MPMS prepared in this paper is expected to be widely used in marine antifouling,pipeline network,anti-icing,microfluidics,wearable devices,medical devices,electrochemical biosensors,other fields.展开更多
Kidney damage is common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, whether the type of kidney damage can be reliably diagnosed using clinical data alone remains unclear. Predictive factors for diabetic nephro...Kidney damage is common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, whether the type of kidney damage can be reliably diagnosed using clinical data alone remains unclear. Predictive factors for diabetic nephropathy (DN) outcomes are also poorly understood. In this study, the clinical manifestations of 111 cases of biopsy-proven DN were described, and the clinical and pathological parameters of patients with different DN outcomes were compared. Results showed that long DM duration ( 〉 10 years in 32.4% of patients), severe proteinuria (62.2%), and renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] 〈 60 mL/(min. 1.73 m2)) (52.3%) did not accurately indicate whether the condition of these patients progressed to DN. Hematuria (48.6%) failed to specify either DN or nondiabetic renal disease. Diabetic retinopathy (78.4%) was a crucial complication in patients with DN. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the renal survival of 53 patients who were diagnosed with DN and were followed up was not significantly associated with glomerular classification (P 〉 0.05). Cox's regression analysis demonstrated that renal survival time was significantly influenced by sex (β = 1.394, P = 0.038), hematuria (β= 0.036, P = 0.029), and eGFR (β= - 0.039, P = 0.002) but was not significantly affected by age, 24 h urinary protein excretion, or glomerular classification (P 〉 0.05). In conclusion, the clinical characteristics of DN vary, and renal biopsy is necessary to determine renal damage patterns. Sex, hematuria, and the eGFR may affect DN outcomes, whereas the glomerular classification may not.展开更多
Autogenous arteriovenous fistula(AVF)is a lifeline for maintenance hemodialysis patients.In 2006,the vascular access guidelines issued by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative(KDOQI)introduced the concept of...Autogenous arteriovenous fistula(AVF)is a lifeline for maintenance hemodialysis patients.In 2006,the vascular access guidelines issued by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative(KDOQI)introduced the concept of“Fistula first”.1 In 2019,the same organization updated these vascular access guidelines and proposed the concept of“Patient first”,2 sparking a wide range of controversy and discussion on whether to abandon the“Fistula first”principle.Given this context,experts from across China mainland conducted a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the relevant literature,evidence-based medical guidelines,and international guidelines.展开更多
Vascular access is the lifeline of hemodialysis patients.There are great differences in the establishment and use of vascular access in different countries and regions around the world.We believe that on the basis of ...Vascular access is the lifeline of hemodialysis patients.There are great differences in the establishment and use of vascular access in different countries and regions around the world.We believe that on the basis of good evaluation and planning,it is recommended that hemodialysis patients choose native arteriovenous fistula first.In view of the new progress of vascular access views domestic and international at home and abroad in recent years,we organized experts to recommend the establishment and maintenance of arteriovenous fistula(AVF)for the Chinese population,including preoperative evaluation and planning of the establishment of AVF,AVF surgery,perioperative drug intervention measures and postoperative maintenance,and put forward suggestions for future research directions.The recommendations in this consensus are general and clinicians need to make treatment decisions based on the actual situation.展开更多
Background:Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein that mainly regulates erythropoiesis.In patients with chronic renal failure with anemia,darbepoetin alfa can stimulate erythropoiesis,correct anemia,and maintain hemoglobin ...Background:Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein that mainly regulates erythropoiesis.In patients with chronic renal failure with anemia,darbepoetin alfa can stimulate erythropoiesis,correct anemia,and maintain hemoglobin levels.This study was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injections as being not inferior to epoetin alfa injections(Recombinant Human Erythropoietin injection,rHuEPO)when maintaining hemoglobin(Hb)levels within the target range(10.0-12.0 g/dL)for the treatment of renal anemia.Methods:Ninety-five patients were enrolled in this study from April 15,2013 to April 10,2014 at 25 sites.In this study,patients(n=95)aged 18-70 years were randomized into a once per week intravenous darbepoetin alfa group(n=56)and a twice or three times per week intravenous epoetin alfa group(n=39)for 28 weeks,who had anemia with hemoglobin levels between 6 g/dL and 10 g/dL due to chronic kidney disease(CKD)and were undergoing hemodialysis or hemofiltration with ESA-naive(erythropoiesis stimulating agent-naive).The primary efficacy profile was the mean Hb level(the non-inferiority margin was-1.0 g/dL,week 21-28);the secondary efficacy profiles were the Hb increase rate(week 0-4),the target Hb achievement cumulative rate and time,the change trends of the Hb levels,and the target Hb maintenance ratio.Adverse events(AEs)were observed and compared,and the efficacy and safety were analyzed between the two treatment groups.Additionally,the frequencies of dose adjustments between the darbepoetin alfa and epoetin alfa groups were compared during the treatment period.SAS?software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses.Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy,safety,and demographic variable analyses,including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:The mean Hb level was 11.3 g/dL in the darbepoetin alfa group and 10.7 g/dL in the epoetin alfa group,respectively;the difference of the lower limits of the 95%confidence intervals(CI)between the two groups was 0.1 g/dL(>-1.0 g/dL),and non-inferiority was proven;the Hb levels started to increase in the first four weeks at a similar increase rate;no obvious differences were observed between the groups in the target Hb achievement cumulative rates,and the Hb levels as well as the target Hb level maintenance rate changed over time.The incidence of AEs was 62.5%in the darbepoetin alfa group and 76.9%in the epoetin alfa group.All the adverse events observed in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:Darbepoetin alfa intravenously once per week can effectively increase Hb levels and maintain the target Hb levels well,which makes it not inferior to epoetin alfa intravenously twice or three times per week.Darbepoetin alfa shows an efficacy and safety comparable to epoetin alfa for the treatment of renal anemia.展开更多
Background:This study was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection(recombinant human erythropoietin injection,rHuEPO)for the treatment of anemia associ...Background:This study was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection(recombinant human erythropoietin injection,rHuEPO)for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney failure in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis.Method:This study was a multicenter,randomized,open-label,intergroup parallel control phase III noninferiority trial from April 19,2013 to September 9,2014 at 25 sites.In this study,the members of the darbepoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration once per week or once every two weeks.The members of the control drug epoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration two or three times per week.All subjects underwent epoetin alfa administration during the 8-week baseline period.After that,subjects were randomly assigned to the darbepoetin alfa group or epoetin alfa group.The noninferiority in the changes of the average Hb concentrations from the baseline to the end of the evaluation period(noninferiority threshold:-1.0 g/dl)was tested between the two treatments.The time-dependent hemoglobin(Hb)concentration and the maintenance rate of the target Hb concentration(the proportion of subjects with Hb concentrations between 10.0 and 12.0 g/dl)were also evaluated.Iron metabolism,including changes in the serum iron,total iron-binding capacity,ferritin,transferrin saturation,and comparisons of the dose adjustments between the two groups during the treatment period were analyzed further.Adverse events(AEs)were also observed and compared,and the safety was analyzed between the two treatment groups.The conversion rate switching from epoetin alfa to darbepoetin alfa was also discussed.SAS?software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses.Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy,safety,and demographic variable analyses,including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:Four hundred and sixty-six patients were enrolled in this study,and ultimately 384 cases were analyzed for safety,including 267 cases in the darbepoetin alfa group and 117 cases in the epoetin alfa group.There were 211 cases in the per-protocol set,including 152 cases in the darbepoetin alfa group and 59 cases in the epoetin alfa group.The changes in the average Hb concentrations from the baseline to the end of the evaluation period were-0.07 and-0.15 g/dl in the darbepoetin alfa group and epoetin alfa group respectively.The difference between the two groups was 0.08 g/dl(95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.22 to 0.39),and the lower limit of the 95%CI was-0.22>-1.0 g/dl.The average Hb concentrations of the two groups were 10.88-11.43 g/dl(darbepoetin alfa)and 10.91-11.38 g/dl(epoetin alfa)during the study period of Weeks 0-28,with the maintenance rates of the target Hb concentration ranging within 71%-87%and 78%-95%in the darbepoetin alfa group and epoetin alfa group respectively.During the period of comparison between the two groups,the incidence of AEs in the darbepoetin alfa group was 61.42%,while in the epoetin alfa group it was 56.41%.All of the adverse events and reactions in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:The overall efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa for the treatment of Chinese renal anemia patients undergoing hemodialysis are consistent with those of epoetin alfa.展开更多
Background: Glomerular disease is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease globally. No scoping review reports have focused on China’’s spectrum of glomerular diseases in children. This study aimed to systematica...Background: Glomerular disease is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease globally. No scoping review reports have focused on China’’s spectrum of glomerular diseases in children. This study aimed to systematically identify and describe retrospective studies on pediatric glomerular disease based on available data on sex, age, study period, and region.Methods: Six databases were systematically searched for relevant studies from initiation to December 2021 in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Global Health Library, Wangfang Database, and CNKI.Results: Thirty-four studies were identified in the scoping review, including 40,430 patients with biopsy-proven diagnoses. The proportion of boys was significantly higher than that of girls. In this study, 28,280 (70%) cases were primary glomerular disease, 10,547 (26.1%) cases were diagnosed as secondary glomerular disease, and 1146 (2.8%) cases were hereditary glomerular disease. Minimal change disease is the most common glomerular disease among children in China, followed by mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, and purpura nephritis. We observed increments in glomerular diseases in periods 2 (2001–2010) and 3 (2011–2021). The proportion of major glomerular diseases varies significantly in the different regions of China.Conclusion: The spectrum of pediatric glomerular diseases varied across sex, age groups, study periods, and regions, and has changed considerably over the past 30 years.展开更多
文摘This article explored the influence of molding density of TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic on densification of ceramic body and grain growth. By the main phase and second phase analysis of TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic through XRD and EDAX, the effects of the second phrase on TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic were studied. Grain size and its distribution were observed through scanning electron microscope and the density of porcelain body was measured. The effects of grain size, distribution and density of ceramic body on electrical property of TiO<sub>2</sub> varistor-ceramic were the focus issue for analysis. The increased molding density would improve the densifying of magnetic body to some extent and promote grain growth.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52003148)the State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea,Hainan University(No.MRUKF2021023)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBGY-475)the Key Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Shaanxi Province(No.22JS003)the Industrialization Project of the State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment(Cultivation)of Qinba Region(No.SXC-2310)the start-up funds from the Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGRCQD2004).
文摘Polydimethylsiloxane containing methacryloyloxy and methoxy silane groups(MAPDMS)-microcapsule-SiO_(2)(MPMS)functional materials were prepared by constructing micro-nano hierarchical structures on the surface of MAPDMS matrix.Herein,MAPDMS@1,1-stilbene-modified hydrolyzed polyglycidyl methacrylate/graphene oxide/dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride(MAPDMS@PGMA_(m)/GO/QC18)self-healing microcapsules with compact multi-shell structure were synthesized and combined with nano-SiO_(2)to construct the hierarchical structures.Furthermore,ultraviolet(UV)/moisture dual curing mode was introduced into deep curing reaction and efficient self-healing reaction of the MPMS.The results show that the introduction of UV/moisture dual curing mode and micro-nano hierarchical structure gives MPMS functional materials excellent mechanical properties,antifouling properties,self-healing properties,antibacterial properties.The shear strength and tensile strength of MPMS increase from 3.32 and 4.26 MPa of MAPDMS to 3.81 and 5.06 MPa,respectively.Its static contact angle increases from 115.9°of MAPDMS to 156.5°,its slide angle decreases from 68.5°of MAPDMS to 7.8°,respectively.The antifouling performance of MPMS against seawater,soy sauce,juice,coffee,protein,other contaminants is effectively improved compared with MAPDMS matrix.At the same time,the tensile strength and elongation at break of MPMS after healing reach 98.22%and 96.57%of those in original state,respectively.In addition,the antibacterial rates of MPMS against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reach 99.85%and 100%,respectively.The MPMS prepared in this paper is expected to be widely used in marine antifouling,pipeline network,anti-icing,microfluidics,wearable devices,medical devices,electrochemical biosensors,other fields.
文摘Kidney damage is common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, whether the type of kidney damage can be reliably diagnosed using clinical data alone remains unclear. Predictive factors for diabetic nephropathy (DN) outcomes are also poorly understood. In this study, the clinical manifestations of 111 cases of biopsy-proven DN were described, and the clinical and pathological parameters of patients with different DN outcomes were compared. Results showed that long DM duration ( 〉 10 years in 32.4% of patients), severe proteinuria (62.2%), and renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] 〈 60 mL/(min. 1.73 m2)) (52.3%) did not accurately indicate whether the condition of these patients progressed to DN. Hematuria (48.6%) failed to specify either DN or nondiabetic renal disease. Diabetic retinopathy (78.4%) was a crucial complication in patients with DN. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the renal survival of 53 patients who were diagnosed with DN and were followed up was not significantly associated with glomerular classification (P 〉 0.05). Cox's regression analysis demonstrated that renal survival time was significantly influenced by sex (β = 1.394, P = 0.038), hematuria (β= 0.036, P = 0.029), and eGFR (β= - 0.039, P = 0.002) but was not significantly affected by age, 24 h urinary protein excretion, or glomerular classification (P 〉 0.05). In conclusion, the clinical characteristics of DN vary, and renal biopsy is necessary to determine renal damage patterns. Sex, hematuria, and the eGFR may affect DN outcomes, whereas the glomerular classification may not.
文摘Autogenous arteriovenous fistula(AVF)is a lifeline for maintenance hemodialysis patients.In 2006,the vascular access guidelines issued by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative(KDOQI)introduced the concept of“Fistula first”.1 In 2019,the same organization updated these vascular access guidelines and proposed the concept of“Patient first”,2 sparking a wide range of controversy and discussion on whether to abandon the“Fistula first”principle.Given this context,experts from across China mainland conducted a comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the relevant literature,evidence-based medical guidelines,and international guidelines.
文摘Vascular access is the lifeline of hemodialysis patients.There are great differences in the establishment and use of vascular access in different countries and regions around the world.We believe that on the basis of good evaluation and planning,it is recommended that hemodialysis patients choose native arteriovenous fistula first.In view of the new progress of vascular access views domestic and international at home and abroad in recent years,we organized experts to recommend the establishment and maintenance of arteriovenous fistula(AVF)for the Chinese population,including preoperative evaluation and planning of the establishment of AVF,AVF surgery,perioperative drug intervention measures and postoperative maintenance,and put forward suggestions for future research directions.The recommendations in this consensus are general and clinicians need to make treatment decisions based on the actual situation.
文摘Background:Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein that mainly regulates erythropoiesis.In patients with chronic renal failure with anemia,darbepoetin alfa can stimulate erythropoiesis,correct anemia,and maintain hemoglobin levels.This study was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injections as being not inferior to epoetin alfa injections(Recombinant Human Erythropoietin injection,rHuEPO)when maintaining hemoglobin(Hb)levels within the target range(10.0-12.0 g/dL)for the treatment of renal anemia.Methods:Ninety-five patients were enrolled in this study from April 15,2013 to April 10,2014 at 25 sites.In this study,patients(n=95)aged 18-70 years were randomized into a once per week intravenous darbepoetin alfa group(n=56)and a twice or three times per week intravenous epoetin alfa group(n=39)for 28 weeks,who had anemia with hemoglobin levels between 6 g/dL and 10 g/dL due to chronic kidney disease(CKD)and were undergoing hemodialysis or hemofiltration with ESA-naive(erythropoiesis stimulating agent-naive).The primary efficacy profile was the mean Hb level(the non-inferiority margin was-1.0 g/dL,week 21-28);the secondary efficacy profiles were the Hb increase rate(week 0-4),the target Hb achievement cumulative rate and time,the change trends of the Hb levels,and the target Hb maintenance ratio.Adverse events(AEs)were observed and compared,and the efficacy and safety were analyzed between the two treatment groups.Additionally,the frequencies of dose adjustments between the darbepoetin alfa and epoetin alfa groups were compared during the treatment period.SAS?software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses.Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy,safety,and demographic variable analyses,including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:The mean Hb level was 11.3 g/dL in the darbepoetin alfa group and 10.7 g/dL in the epoetin alfa group,respectively;the difference of the lower limits of the 95%confidence intervals(CI)between the two groups was 0.1 g/dL(>-1.0 g/dL),and non-inferiority was proven;the Hb levels started to increase in the first four weeks at a similar increase rate;no obvious differences were observed between the groups in the target Hb achievement cumulative rates,and the Hb levels as well as the target Hb level maintenance rate changed over time.The incidence of AEs was 62.5%in the darbepoetin alfa group and 76.9%in the epoetin alfa group.All the adverse events observed in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:Darbepoetin alfa intravenously once per week can effectively increase Hb levels and maintain the target Hb levels well,which makes it not inferior to epoetin alfa intravenously twice or three times per week.Darbepoetin alfa shows an efficacy and safety comparable to epoetin alfa for the treatment of renal anemia.
文摘Background:This study was to explore the clinical efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa injection replacing epoetin alfa injection(recombinant human erythropoietin injection,rHuEPO)for the treatment of anemia associated with chronic kidney failure in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis.Method:This study was a multicenter,randomized,open-label,intergroup parallel control phase III noninferiority trial from April 19,2013 to September 9,2014 at 25 sites.In this study,the members of the darbepoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration once per week or once every two weeks.The members of the control drug epoetin alfa group underwent intravenous administration two or three times per week.All subjects underwent epoetin alfa administration during the 8-week baseline period.After that,subjects were randomly assigned to the darbepoetin alfa group or epoetin alfa group.The noninferiority in the changes of the average Hb concentrations from the baseline to the end of the evaluation period(noninferiority threshold:-1.0 g/dl)was tested between the two treatments.The time-dependent hemoglobin(Hb)concentration and the maintenance rate of the target Hb concentration(the proportion of subjects with Hb concentrations between 10.0 and 12.0 g/dl)were also evaluated.Iron metabolism,including changes in the serum iron,total iron-binding capacity,ferritin,transferrin saturation,and comparisons of the dose adjustments between the two groups during the treatment period were analyzed further.Adverse events(AEs)were also observed and compared,and the safety was analyzed between the two treatment groups.The conversion rate switching from epoetin alfa to darbepoetin alfa was also discussed.SAS?software version 9.2 was used to perform all statistical analyses.Descriptive statistics were used for all efficacy,safety,and demographic variable analyses,including for the primary efficacy indicators.Results:Four hundred and sixty-six patients were enrolled in this study,and ultimately 384 cases were analyzed for safety,including 267 cases in the darbepoetin alfa group and 117 cases in the epoetin alfa group.There were 211 cases in the per-protocol set,including 152 cases in the darbepoetin alfa group and 59 cases in the epoetin alfa group.The changes in the average Hb concentrations from the baseline to the end of the evaluation period were-0.07 and-0.15 g/dl in the darbepoetin alfa group and epoetin alfa group respectively.The difference between the two groups was 0.08 g/dl(95%confidence interval[CI]:-0.22 to 0.39),and the lower limit of the 95%CI was-0.22>-1.0 g/dl.The average Hb concentrations of the two groups were 10.88-11.43 g/dl(darbepoetin alfa)and 10.91-11.38 g/dl(epoetin alfa)during the study period of Weeks 0-28,with the maintenance rates of the target Hb concentration ranging within 71%-87%and 78%-95%in the darbepoetin alfa group and epoetin alfa group respectively.During the period of comparison between the two groups,the incidence of AEs in the darbepoetin alfa group was 61.42%,while in the epoetin alfa group it was 56.41%.All of the adverse events and reactions in the study were those commonly associated with hemodialysis.Conclusion:The overall efficacy and safety of darbepoetin alfa for the treatment of Chinese renal anemia patients undergoing hemodialysis are consistent with those of epoetin alfa.
基金Pillar Program of National Science & Technology(Grant/Award Number: 2015BAI12B06)National key clinical specialty capacity building project(Grant/Award Number: 2019-542)。
文摘Background: Glomerular disease is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease globally. No scoping review reports have focused on China’’s spectrum of glomerular diseases in children. This study aimed to systematically identify and describe retrospective studies on pediatric glomerular disease based on available data on sex, age, study period, and region.Methods: Six databases were systematically searched for relevant studies from initiation to December 2021 in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Global Health Library, Wangfang Database, and CNKI.Results: Thirty-four studies were identified in the scoping review, including 40,430 patients with biopsy-proven diagnoses. The proportion of boys was significantly higher than that of girls. In this study, 28,280 (70%) cases were primary glomerular disease, 10,547 (26.1%) cases were diagnosed as secondary glomerular disease, and 1146 (2.8%) cases were hereditary glomerular disease. Minimal change disease is the most common glomerular disease among children in China, followed by mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy, and purpura nephritis. We observed increments in glomerular diseases in periods 2 (2001–2010) and 3 (2011–2021). The proportion of major glomerular diseases varies significantly in the different regions of China.Conclusion: The spectrum of pediatric glomerular diseases varied across sex, age groups, study periods, and regions, and has changed considerably over the past 30 years.