Light at night and lung cancer risk:A worldwide interdisciplinary and time-series study

Background:Light at night(LAN)has become a concern in interdisciplinary research in recent years.This global interdisciplinary study aimed to explore the exposure-lag-response association between LAN exposure and lung cancer incidence.Methods:LAN data were obtained from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s Operational Linescan System.Data of lung cancer incidence,socio-demographic index,and smoking prevalence of populations in 201 countries/territories from 1992 to 2018 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study.Spearman correlation tests and population-weighted linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between LAN exposure and lung cancer incidence.A distributed lag nonlinear model(DLNM)was used to assess the exposure-lag effects of LAN exposure on lung cancer incidence.Results:The Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.286-0.355 and the population-weighted linear regression correlation coefficients were 0.361-0.527.After adjustment for socio-demographic index and smoking preva-lence,the Spearman correlation coefficients were 0.264-0.357 and the population-weighted linear regression correlation coefficients were 0.346-0.497.In the DLNM,the maximum relative risk was 1.04(1.02-1.06)at LAN exposure of 8.6 with a 2.6-year lag time.After adjustment for socio-demographic index and smoking prevalence,the maximum relative risk was 1.05(1.02-1.07)at LAN exposure of 8.6 with a 2.4-year lag time.Conclusion:High LAN exposure was associated with increased lung cancer incidence,and this effect had a specific lag period.Compared with traditional individual-level studies,this group-level study provides a novel paradigm of effective,efficient,and scalable screening for risk factors.

Bio-inspired high-efficiency photosystem by synergistic effects of core-shell structured Au@CdS nanoparticles and their engineered location on{001}facets of SrTiO_(3)nanocrystals

Natural photosynthesis,which provides a green and high-efficiency energy conversion path by spatial separation of photogenerated carriers through combined actions of molecules ingeniously arranged in an efficient solar nanospace,highlights the importance of rational nanostructure design to realize artificial high-efficiency photosystem.Inspired by these unique features,we constructed a high-efficiency ternary photosystem by selectively decorating the{001}facets of 18-facet SrTiO_(3)with Au@CdS photosensitizers via a green photo-assisted method.Benefiting from the dual-facilitated charge carriers transportation in core-shell structured Au@CdS heterojunction and well-faceted 18-facet SrTiO_(3)nanocrystal,such a photo-catalyst could realize the effective spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes.As expected,the 18-facet SrTiO_(3)/Au@CdS photocatalyst exhibits superior activity in visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(4.61 mmol h^(−1)g^(−1)),166%improvement in comparison with randomly deposited Au@CdS(1.73 mmol h^(−1)g^(−1)).This work offers new insight into the development of green and high-efficiency photocatalytic systems based on the rational nanostructure design by crystal facet engineering.