Resistance of Grafted Tomato with Guozhen 1 as Stock against Root Knot Nematodes in Field

[Objective] This study aimed to study the resistance of grafted tomato with Guozhen 1 as stock against root knot nematodes. [Method] Tomato seedlings were grafted with Guozhenl （T1） and Solanum torvum （T2） as the rootstock, respectively. Self-rooted tomato seedlings were treated as the control （CK）. The resistance of tomato against root knot nematodes was compared among the three treatments. [Result] Compared with those in the T2 and CK groups, the yield of tomato in the T1 group was increased by 17 436.75 and 31 753.65 kg/hm2 respectively, the plant height was increased by 10.55 and 14.54 cm respectively （P〈0.05）, and the stem diameter was increased by 0.56 and 1.13 cm respectively （P〈0.05）. The disease indexes of root knot nematodiasis in the three treatments were 0.55, 10.42 and 45.31, respectively, and there were significant differences among them （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] This study will provide a theoretical basis for the control of root knot nematodes in tomato by grafting.

Atmospheric disturbance on the gas explosion in closed fire zone

In order to avoid serious safety accidents caused by closed fire zone,based on the continuous monitoring of atmospheric pressure at different monitoring points in multiple mines,the atmospheric pressure fluctuation model and the air leakage model were established and analyzed.The change law with time of oxygen concentration and gas concentration in the fire zone were obtained due to atmospheric disturbances under the influence of different pressure difference,volume and size of fire area,wind resistance,gas emission,sealing moments,etc.so as to evaluate the explosion risk of a closed fire zone.Research showed that the mine atmosphere fluctuates with the atmosphere of ground,and the pressure difference between the inner and outer sides of the enclosed fire zone is affected by the periodic fluctuation of atmosphere,which has about 16-h cosine fluctuation and approximate 8-h fixed value.Compared with the fire zone with poor sealing quality,good sealing fire zone has better resistance to atmospheric disturbance.The reduction of oxygen concentration in the inner side of a well-sealed fire zone mainly depends on the dilution of methane,which is more likely to accumulate and rise rapidly.And the fire zone with poor sealing quality is easy to be interfered.The inner oxygen concentration and gas concentration are easily affected by the absolute gas emission and the air leakage in the fire zone.Fire zone with small wind resistance and small volume is especially obvious.At the initial stage of the closed fire zone it's very possible to happen explosion.The time duration of explosion danger varies under different conditions,and the atmospheric disturbance may lead to repeated explosions in some cases.It's suggested to take some methods to avoid explosions according to the real-time situation,closure time,oxygen concentration and gas concentration of fire zone.

Analysis of the Influence of Different Plastic Packaging Materials on Product Delamination of IC Components

Due to the high hygroscopicity of the plastic packaging material, the device is inevitably subjected to high temperature or high humidity environment during the production and testing process. After the moisture is expanded, the internal stress is too large, and the delamination and gold wire breakage are formed. At the same time, due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the plastic packaging material and the materials such as Si and Cu, it is easy to form delamination under a relatively large shear force. The water vapor remaining in the plastic packaging material is the root cause of delamination, and the reflow process and temperature are the predisposing factors leading to delamination. However, it has been found through experiments that different plastic packaging materials have different hygroscopicity and cohesiveness, and they have obvious improvement effects on delamination.

Transcriptome profiling during double-flower development provides insight into stamen petaloid in cultivated Lilium

Asiatic hybrid lilies(Lilium spp.),as the biggest cultivar groups of the lily variety are an ornamental plant with elegant floral patterns and bright colors.We discovered a double-flower Asiatic hybrid cultivar‘Annemarie’s Dream’whose stamens convert into petaloid stamens in varying degrees.Double-flower is a significant ornamental trait of the flower organ.However,the molecular mechanism of stamen petaloid formation has not been widely studied in Asiatic hybrid lily.Therefore,we used RNA-seq to contrast transcriptomes of stamen,petaloid stamen and inner tepal at two developmental stages.In total,190,488 unigenes were obtained and 37,549 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified.We focused on DEGs involved in phytohormone signaling and transcription factor regulation,especially the MADS-box genes(A-class gene LiAP1;B-class gene LiPI;C-class gene LiAG;E-class gene LiAGL6,LiSEP3).Furthermore,we performed weight gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)and identified two co-expressed MADS-box homeotic genes(LiAG,CL14315.Contig2_All;LiAP1,CL10060.Contig3_All)as hubs.We also found that CL3014.Contig2_All(PYL)and CL5627.Contig1_All(GID2)as phytohormone-related genes may participate in the regulation of the stamen petaloid during double-flower development.In summary,our findings provide an insight into the molecular regulatory network underlying stamen petaloid and thereby offering a theoretical basis for double-flower breeding in Lilium.

Dysplasia of male organs induces apomixis in Malus crabapples

Apomixis has high value in fruit crop propagation and breeding applications,particularly for the transgenerational fixation of heterosis.In this study,we found that flowers of the triploid Malus cultivar'Royalty'that were bagged after emasculation(EB)and pollinated with pollen from the diploid cultivar'Flame'(EFB)produced high fruit set and increased seed numbers per fruit.The offspring exhibited superior growth vigour compared to those of the diploid sister cultivar'Flame'.The fruit setting rate for'Royalty'EFB was 98.44%,which was much higher than the fruit setting rate for'Royalty'BA(Bagging without emasculation)at 19.7%.The fruit setting rate for'Royalty'EB was 47.46%compared to 19.7%for'Royalty'BA.Furthermore,offspring derived from either'Royalty'EB or EFB exhibited superior growth vigour compared to those of the diploid'Flame'.These results suggested that'Royalty'exhibits facultative apomixis and has strong sexual reproductive ability under the stimulation of foreign pollen.Additionally,'Royalty'anthers did not dehisce after flowering and had malformed pollen grains and a low pollen germination rate.Therefore,we proposed that dysplasia of the male organ could be an important driver factor of apomixis in'Royalty'.Our study provides new insight into the mechanism of apomixis in Malus crabapples.

A water-stable lanthanide-coordination polymer with free Lewis site for fluorescent sensing of Fe^(3+)

A new fluorescent coordination polymer(NKU-115) was constructed under solvothermal condition based on Tb^(3+)ion and H_2L(5-(4 H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid) ligand, featuring high solvent and water stability. Luminescent investigations revealed that NKU-115 shows fluorescence quenching response toward Fe^(3+)in aqueous solution and the mechanism of quenching was analyzed.