The solvation structure of Li^(+) in chemical prelithiation reagent plays a key role in improving the low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE) and poor cycle performance of silicon-based materials. Never theless, the che...The solvation structure of Li^(+) in chemical prelithiation reagent plays a key role in improving the low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE) and poor cycle performance of silicon-based materials. Never theless, the chemical prelithiation agent is difficult to dope active Li^(+) in silicon-based anodes because of their low working voltage and sluggish Li^(+) diffusion rate. By selecting the lithium–arene complex reagent with 4-methylbiphenyl as an anion ligand and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran as a solvent, the as-prepared micro-sized Si O/C anode can achieve an ICE of nearly 100%. Interestingly, the best prelithium efficiency does not correspond to the lowest redox half-potential(E_(1/2)), and the prelithiation efficiency is determined by the specific influencing factors(E_(1/2), Li^(+) concentration, desolvation energy, and ion diffusion path). In addition, molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the ideal prelithiation efficiency can be achieved by choosing appropriate anion ligand and solvent to regulate the solvation structure of Li^(+). Furthermore, the positive effect of prelithiation on cycle performance has been verified by using an in-situ electrochemical dilatometry and solid electrolyte interphase film characterizations.展开更多
Herein,the catalysts of ultrathin g-C_(3)N_(4)surface-modified hollow spherical Bi2MoO6(g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi2MoO6,abbreviated as CN/BMO)were fabricated by the co-solvothermal method.The variable valence Mo^(5+)/Mo^(6+)ioni...Herein,the catalysts of ultrathin g-C_(3)N_(4)surface-modified hollow spherical Bi2MoO6(g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi2MoO6,abbreviated as CN/BMO)were fabricated by the co-solvothermal method.The variable valence Mo^(5+)/Mo^(6+)ionic bridge in CN/BMO catalysts can boost the rapid transfer of photogenerated electrons from Bi2MoO6to g-C_(3)N_(4).And the synergy effect of g-C_(3)N_(4)and Bi2MoO6components remarkably enhance CO_(2)adsorption capability.CN/BMO-2 catalyst has the best performances for visible light-driven CO_(2)reduction compared with single Bi2MoO6and g-C_(3)N_(4),i.e.,its amount and selectivity of CO product are 139.50μmol g-1and 96.88%for 9 h,respectively.Based on the results of characterizations and density functional theory calculation,the photocatalytic mechanism for CO_(2)reduction is proposed.The high-efficient separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs,induced by variable valence Mo^(5+)/Mo^(6+)ionic bridge,can boost the rate-limiting steps(COOH*-to-CO*and CO*desorption)of selective visible light-driven CO_(2)conversion into CO.It inspires the establishment of efficient photocatalysts for CO_(2)conversion.展开更多
Silver carp were introduced into the pre-sedimentation pond to control excessive phytoplankton in raw water. The effectiveness of the filter-feeding silver carp on phytoplankton control and the effect of silver carp o...Silver carp were introduced into the pre-sedimentation pond to control excessive phytoplankton in raw water. The effectiveness of the filter-feeding silver carp on phytoplankton control and the effect of silver carp on phytoplankton community were investigated. The results showed that Microcystis could be effectively removed by silver carp stocked in the pre-sedimentation pond, and simultaneously, the concentration of single-cell phytoplankton increased obviously. The difference in phytoplankton species and single- cell phytoplankton size between in the water and in the gut of silver carp indicated that phytoplankton smaller than 5 μm, such as Chamydomonas and Platymonas, were almost not be filtered by silver carp, phytoplankton with the size between 5 and 20μm could be partly filtered, and large size phytoplankton, mainly colony-forming Microcystis could be filtered almost completely. These filter- feeding characteristics directly caused the phytoplankton size distribution biased toward miniaturization. Therefore, this biological treatment using silver carp could be applied only to deal with groups of Microcystis-dominated eutrophic water, and was not appropriate in water bodies where single-cell micro phytoplankton were dominant. Especially when silver carp are used in water treatment, a cautious attitude should be taken based on the evaluation of phytoplankton biomass and species structure features in raw water.展开更多
Quantum key distribution(QKD)is a physical layer encryption technique that enables two distant parties to exchange secure keys with information-theoretic security.In the last two decades,QKD has transitioned from labo...Quantum key distribution(QKD)is a physical layer encryption technique that enables two distant parties to exchange secure keys with information-theoretic security.In the last two decades,QKD has transitioned from laboratory research to real-world applications,including multi-user quantum access networks(QANs).This network structure allows users to share a single-photon detector at a network node through time-division multiplexing,thereby significantly reducing the network cost.However,current QAN implementations require additional hardware for auxiliary tasks such as time synchronization.To address this issue,we propose a cost-efficient QAN that uses qubit-based synchronization.In this approach,the transmitted qubits facilitate time synchronization,eliminating the need for additional synchronization hardware.We tested our scheme by implementing a network for two users and successfully achieved average secure key rates of 53.84 kbps and 71.90 kbps for each user over a 50-km commercial fiber spool.In addition,we investigated the capacity of the access network under cross-talk and loss conditions.The simulation results demonstrate that this scheme can support a QAN with 64 users with key rates up to 1070 bps.Our work provides a feasible and cost-effective way to implement a multi-user QKD network,further promoting the widespread application of QKD.展开更多
The g-C_3N_4 with different structures was prepared by heat treatment using urea(CN-U) and thiourea(CN-T) as precursors under the same conditions. The microstructure and optical properties of the photocatalyst were an...The g-C_3N_4 with different structures was prepared by heat treatment using urea(CN-U) and thiourea(CN-T) as precursors under the same conditions. The microstructure and optical properties of the photocatalyst were analyzed with advanced tools. The results showed that the CN-U has a porous structure, a high specific surface area and a wide band gap in comparison with CN-T. The in situ FT-IR technique was used to monitor the adsorption and reaction process of visible photocatalytic NO oxidation on g-C_3N_4. The corresponding reaction mechanism was proposed based on the results of reaction intermediate observation and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) radical scavenging. It was revealed that(1) the presence of defective sites favored the adsorption of gas molecules and electronically compensated it leading to promoted formation of the final products;(2) the high separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs enhanced the production of radicals during the photocatalytic reaction;(3) the hydroxyl radicals(-OH) are not selective for the decomposition of pollutants, which are favorable to the complete oxidation of the reaction intermediates. The above three aspects are the main reasons for the CN-U possessing the efficient visible light photocatalytic activity. The present work could provide new insights and methods for understanding the mechanism of photocatalysis.展开更多
The catalytic performance of light-derived CO_(2)reduction with H_(2)O is strongly dependent on the sepa-ration efficiency of photogenerated carriers.Herein,the direct Z-scheme catalysts(g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3))of gr...The catalytic performance of light-derived CO_(2)reduction with H_(2)O is strongly dependent on the sepa-ration efficiency of photogenerated carriers.Herein,the direct Z-scheme catalysts(g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3))of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))nanosheets decorated three-dimensional ordered macroporous WO_(3)(3DOM-WO_(3))were successfully fabricated by using the in-situ colloidal crystal template method.The slow light effect of 3DOM-WO_(3)photonic crystals expands the absorption of visible light and improves the uti-lization of light energy.The Z-scheme structure of g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3)catalysts is able to upgrade the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.The g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3)photocatalyst,whose formation rate of CO product is 48.7μmol g^(−1)h^(−1),exhibits the excellent catalytic activity for CO_(2)reduc-tion.The transfer pathway of stimulated electrons over the g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3)photocatalyst is proposed and discussed.The present approach provides unique insights into the rational development of high-performance photochemical systems for efficient CO_(2)reduction into valuable carbon-containing chemicals and energy fuels.展开更多
The rapid recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs as well as the deficiency of high-energy carriers restricted the redox ability and products selectivity.Herein,the heterojunction of SnS_(2)-deco rated three...The rapid recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs as well as the deficiency of high-energy carriers restricted the redox ability and products selectivity.Herein,the heterojunction of SnS_(2)-deco rated three-dimensional ordered macropores(3DOM)-SrTiO_(3) catalysts were in-situ constructed to provide transmit channel for high-energy electron transmission.The suitable band edges of SnS_(2) and SrTiO_(3) contribute to the Z-scheme transfer of photogenerated carrier.The 3DOM structure of SrTiO_(3)-based catalyst possesses the slow light effect for enhancing light adsorption efficiency,and the surface alkalis strontium is benefit to the boosting adsorption for CO_(2).The in-situ introduced SnS_(2) decorated on the macroporous wall surface of 3DOM-SrTiO_(3) altered the primary product from CO to CH4.The Z-scheme electron transfer from SnS_(2) combining with the holes in SrTiO_(3) occurred under full spectrum photoexcitation,which improved the excitation and utilization of photogene rated electrons for C02 multi-electrons reduction.As a result,(SnS_(2))3/3 DOM-SrTiO_(3) catalyst exhibits higher activity for photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to CH4 compared with single SnS_(2) or 3 DOM-SrTiO_(3),i.e.,its yield and selectivity of CH4 are 12.5μmol g^(-1) h^(-1) and 74.9%,re spectively.The present work proposed the theoretical foundation of Z-scheme heterojunction construction for enhancing photocatalytic activity and selectivity for CO_(2) conversion.展开更多
Impaired wound healing is one of the severe complications of diabetes.Macrophages have been shown to play a vital role in wound healing.In different wound environments,macrophages are classified into two phenotypes:cl...Impaired wound healing is one of the severe complications of diabetes.Macrophages have been shown to play a vital role in wound healing.In different wound environments,macrophages are classified into two phenotypes:classically activated macrophages and alternatively activated macrophages.Dysregulation of macrophage phenotypes leads to severely impaired wound healing in diabetes.Particularly,uncontrolled inflammation and abnormal macrophage phenotype are important reasons hindering the closure of diabetic wounds.This article reviews the functions of macrophages at various stages of wound healing,the relationship between macrophage phenotypic dysregulation and diabetic wound healing and the mechanism of macrophage polarization in diabetic wound healing.New therapeutic drugs targeting phagocyte polarization to promote the healing of diabetic wounds might provide a new strategy for treating chronic diabetic wound healing.展开更多
Herein,we review the significant of ordered macroporous(OM)TiO_(2)-based catalysts for boosting pho-tocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.Based on the need to improve the three key factors of photogenerated charge separation ef...Herein,we review the significant of ordered macroporous(OM)TiO_(2)-based catalysts for boosting pho-tocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.Based on the need to improve the three key factors of photogenerated charge separation eficiency,solar energy utilization and CO_(2)adsorption rate during the conversion of CO_(2)to H_(2)O,we summarized five modification measures:including doping ions into OM TiO_(2),introducing sec-ond semiconductor coupling and noble metal nanoparticles for fabricating multiple Z-scheme heterojunc-tions,constructing hierarchical pore and carbon-loaded OM TiO_(2)materials,which effectively enhance the absorption rate of visible light,the separation rate of electrons-hole pairs and the selection of multiple active sites.The OM structured TiO_(2)-based photocatalysts solve the single or multiple key factors for en-hancing photocatalytic performances during CO_(2)conversion.The catalytic mechanism and pathways of OM structured TiO_(2)-based photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction are discussed and summarized.It provides new insights on the development of high-efficient catalyst for photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion to solar fu-els.展开更多
XAD-8 resin isolation of organic matter in water was used to divide organic matter into the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions. A pilot plant was used to investigate the change in both fractions during conventional...XAD-8 resin isolation of organic matter in water was used to divide organic matter into the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions. A pilot plant was used to investigate the change in both fractions during conventional and advanced treatment processes. The treatment of hydrophobic organics （HPO）, rather than hydrophilic organicas （HPI）, should carry greater emphasis due to HPO’s higher trihalomethane formation potential （THMFP） and haloacetic acid formation potential （HAAFP）. The removal of hydrophobic matter and its transmission into hydrophilic matter reduced ultimate DBP yield during the disinfection process. The results showed that sand filtration, ozonation, and biological activated carbon （BAC） filtration had distinct influences on the removal of both organic fractions. Additionally, the combination of processes changed the organic fraction proportions present during treatment. The use of ozonation and BAC maximized organic matter removal efficiency, especially for the hydrophobic fraction. In sum, the combination of pre-ozonation, conventional treatment, and O 3 -BAC removed 48% of dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, 60% of HPO, 30% of HPI, 63% of THMFP, and 85% of HAAFP. The use of conventional treatment and O 3 -BAC without pre-ozonation had a comparable performance, removing 51% of DOC, 56% of HPO, 45% of HPI, 61% of THMFP, and 72% of HAAFP. The effectiveness of this analysis method indicated that resin isolation and fractionation should be standardized as an applicable test to help assess water treatment process efficiency.展开更多
Currently,the practical application of SiO_(x) still has a huge hindrance in the area of lithium ion battery,because it is unable to achieve an effective contact with surrounding conducting materials,resulting in fail...Currently,the practical application of SiO_(x) still has a huge hindrance in the area of lithium ion battery,because it is unable to achieve an effective contact with surrounding conducting materials,resulting in failure to form lithium ion migration tunnels.In this work,we presented a facile method to synthesize the B-doped SiOx composite by adhering SiO_(x) particles with MWCNT(multi-walled carbon nanotube)under the assistance of lithium metaborate(LiBO_(2)).LiBO_(2),as a sintering aid,not only can react with SiO_(x) to form a compacted framework,but also build a three-dimensional(3D)conductive network for ions transportation.Furthermore,B-SiO_(x)@CNT@LBO anode delivers a remarkable lithium storage performance in terms of long cycles and high rate capability.A full cell coupled with NCM622 cathode achieves a high energy density of 429.5 Wh kg^(-1) based on the total mass of cathode.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875107, U1802256, and 22209204)Leading Edge Technology of Jiangsu Province (BK20220009), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20221140)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M713364)Jiangsu Specially Appointed Professors ProgramPriority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)。
文摘The solvation structure of Li^(+) in chemical prelithiation reagent plays a key role in improving the low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE) and poor cycle performance of silicon-based materials. Never theless, the chemical prelithiation agent is difficult to dope active Li^(+) in silicon-based anodes because of their low working voltage and sluggish Li^(+) diffusion rate. By selecting the lithium–arene complex reagent with 4-methylbiphenyl as an anion ligand and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran as a solvent, the as-prepared micro-sized Si O/C anode can achieve an ICE of nearly 100%. Interestingly, the best prelithium efficiency does not correspond to the lowest redox half-potential(E_(1/2)), and the prelithiation efficiency is determined by the specific influencing factors(E_(1/2), Li^(+) concentration, desolvation energy, and ion diffusion path). In addition, molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that the ideal prelithiation efficiency can be achieved by choosing appropriate anion ligand and solvent to regulate the solvation structure of Li^(+). Furthermore, the positive effect of prelithiation on cycle performance has been verified by using an in-situ electrochemical dilatometry and solid electrolyte interphase film characterizations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972166)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(2202045)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1907600)。
文摘Herein,the catalysts of ultrathin g-C_(3)N_(4)surface-modified hollow spherical Bi2MoO6(g-C_(3)N_(4)/Bi2MoO6,abbreviated as CN/BMO)were fabricated by the co-solvothermal method.The variable valence Mo^(5+)/Mo^(6+)ionic bridge in CN/BMO catalysts can boost the rapid transfer of photogenerated electrons from Bi2MoO6to g-C_(3)N_(4).And the synergy effect of g-C_(3)N_(4)and Bi2MoO6components remarkably enhance CO_(2)adsorption capability.CN/BMO-2 catalyst has the best performances for visible light-driven CO_(2)reduction compared with single Bi2MoO6and g-C_(3)N_(4),i.e.,its amount and selectivity of CO product are 139.50μmol g-1and 96.88%for 9 h,respectively.Based on the results of characterizations and density functional theory calculation,the photocatalytic mechanism for CO_(2)reduction is proposed.The high-efficient separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs,induced by variable valence Mo^(5+)/Mo^(6+)ionic bridge,can boost the rate-limiting steps(COOH*-to-CO*and CO*desorption)of selective visible light-driven CO_(2)conversion into CO.It inspires the establishment of efficient photocatalysts for CO_(2)conversion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50778048)the National Key Technology R&D Program (No.2006BAJ08B02)
文摘Silver carp were introduced into the pre-sedimentation pond to control excessive phytoplankton in raw water. The effectiveness of the filter-feeding silver carp on phytoplankton control and the effect of silver carp on phytoplankton community were investigated. The results showed that Microcystis could be effectively removed by silver carp stocked in the pre-sedimentation pond, and simultaneously, the concentration of single-cell phytoplankton increased obviously. The difference in phytoplankton species and single- cell phytoplankton size between in the water and in the gut of silver carp indicated that phytoplankton smaller than 5 μm, such as Chamydomonas and Platymonas, were almost not be filtered by silver carp, phytoplankton with the size between 5 and 20μm could be partly filtered, and large size phytoplankton, mainly colony-forming Microcystis could be filtered almost completely. These filter- feeding characteristics directly caused the phytoplankton size distribution biased toward miniaturization. Therefore, this biological treatment using silver carp could be applied only to deal with groups of Microcystis-dominated eutrophic water, and was not appropriate in water bodies where single-cell micro phytoplankton were dominant. Especially when silver carp are used in water treatment, a cautious attitude should be taken based on the evaluation of phytoplankton biomass and species structure features in raw water.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62171144,and 11905065)the Guangxi Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2021GXNSFAA220011,and 2021AC19384)+1 种基金the Open Fund of Institute of Pervasive Computing(IPOC)(Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications)(Grant No.IPOC2021A02)the Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(Grant No.YCSW2022040)。
文摘Quantum key distribution(QKD)is a physical layer encryption technique that enables two distant parties to exchange secure keys with information-theoretic security.In the last two decades,QKD has transitioned from laboratory research to real-world applications,including multi-user quantum access networks(QANs).This network structure allows users to share a single-photon detector at a network node through time-division multiplexing,thereby significantly reducing the network cost.However,current QAN implementations require additional hardware for auxiliary tasks such as time synchronization.To address this issue,we propose a cost-efficient QAN that uses qubit-based synchronization.In this approach,the transmitted qubits facilitate time synchronization,eliminating the need for additional synchronization hardware.We tested our scheme by implementing a network for two users and successfully achieved average secure key rates of 53.84 kbps and 71.90 kbps for each user over a 50-km commercial fiber spool.In addition,we investigated the capacity of the access network under cross-talk and loss conditions.The simulation results demonstrate that this scheme can support a QAN with 64 users with key rates up to 1070 bps.Our work provides a feasible and cost-effective way to implement a multi-user QKD network,further promoting the widespread application of QKD.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (2016YFC02047)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51478070, 21777011 and 21501016)+1 种基金the Innovative Research Team of Chongqing (CXTDG201602014)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (cstc2017jcyj BX0052, cstc2016jcyj A0481)
文摘The g-C_3N_4 with different structures was prepared by heat treatment using urea(CN-U) and thiourea(CN-T) as precursors under the same conditions. The microstructure and optical properties of the photocatalyst were analyzed with advanced tools. The results showed that the CN-U has a porous structure, a high specific surface area and a wide band gap in comparison with CN-T. The in situ FT-IR technique was used to monitor the adsorption and reaction process of visible photocatalytic NO oxidation on g-C_3N_4. The corresponding reaction mechanism was proposed based on the results of reaction intermediate observation and electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) radical scavenging. It was revealed that(1) the presence of defective sites favored the adsorption of gas molecules and electronically compensated it leading to promoted formation of the final products;(2) the high separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs enhanced the production of radicals during the photocatalytic reaction;(3) the hydroxyl radicals(-OH) are not selective for the decomposition of pollutants, which are favorable to the complete oxidation of the reaction intermediates. The above three aspects are the main reasons for the CN-U possessing the efficient visible light photocatalytic activity. The present work could provide new insights and methods for understanding the mechanism of photocatalysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21972166)Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No.2202045)National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2019YFC1907600)。
文摘The catalytic performance of light-derived CO_(2)reduction with H_(2)O is strongly dependent on the sepa-ration efficiency of photogenerated carriers.Herein,the direct Z-scheme catalysts(g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3))of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))nanosheets decorated three-dimensional ordered macroporous WO_(3)(3DOM-WO_(3))were successfully fabricated by using the in-situ colloidal crystal template method.The slow light effect of 3DOM-WO_(3)photonic crystals expands the absorption of visible light and improves the uti-lization of light energy.The Z-scheme structure of g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3)catalysts is able to upgrade the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.The g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3)photocatalyst,whose formation rate of CO product is 48.7μmol g^(−1)h^(−1),exhibits the excellent catalytic activity for CO_(2)reduc-tion.The transfer pathway of stimulated electrons over the g-C_(3)N_(4)/3DOM-WO_(3)photocatalyst is proposed and discussed.The present approach provides unique insights into the rational development of high-performance photochemical systems for efficient CO_(2)reduction into valuable carbon-containing chemicals and energy fuels.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21673142,21972166)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2202045)+1 种基金Petro China Innovation Foundation(No.2018D-5007-0505)Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(Nos.242017QNXZ02,2462018BJC005)。
文摘The rapid recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs as well as the deficiency of high-energy carriers restricted the redox ability and products selectivity.Herein,the heterojunction of SnS_(2)-deco rated three-dimensional ordered macropores(3DOM)-SrTiO_(3) catalysts were in-situ constructed to provide transmit channel for high-energy electron transmission.The suitable band edges of SnS_(2) and SrTiO_(3) contribute to the Z-scheme transfer of photogenerated carrier.The 3DOM structure of SrTiO_(3)-based catalyst possesses the slow light effect for enhancing light adsorption efficiency,and the surface alkalis strontium is benefit to the boosting adsorption for CO_(2).The in-situ introduced SnS_(2) decorated on the macroporous wall surface of 3DOM-SrTiO_(3) altered the primary product from CO to CH4.The Z-scheme electron transfer from SnS_(2) combining with the holes in SrTiO_(3) occurred under full spectrum photoexcitation,which improved the excitation and utilization of photogene rated electrons for C02 multi-electrons reduction.As a result,(SnS_(2))3/3 DOM-SrTiO_(3) catalyst exhibits higher activity for photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to CH4 compared with single SnS_(2) or 3 DOM-SrTiO_(3),i.e.,its yield and selectivity of CH4 are 12.5μmol g^(-1) h^(-1) and 74.9%,re spectively.The present work proposed the theoretical foundation of Z-scheme heterojunction construction for enhancing photocatalytic activity and selectivity for CO_(2) conversion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82160770,81960741)the Guizhou Provincial Natural Science Foundation(QKH-J-2020-1Z070)+1 种基金Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Talents Project of Guizhou Province(2021-5639)scholarships from the China Scholarship Council(CSC-202008520012).
文摘Impaired wound healing is one of the severe complications of diabetes.Macrophages have been shown to play a vital role in wound healing.In different wound environments,macrophages are classified into two phenotypes:classically activated macrophages and alternatively activated macrophages.Dysregulation of macrophage phenotypes leads to severely impaired wound healing in diabetes.Particularly,uncontrolled inflammation and abnormal macrophage phenotype are important reasons hindering the closure of diabetic wounds.This article reviews the functions of macrophages at various stages of wound healing,the relationship between macrophage phenotypic dysregulation and diabetic wound healing and the mechanism of macrophage polarization in diabetic wound healing.New therapeutic drugs targeting phagocyte polarization to promote the healing of diabetic wounds might provide a new strategy for treating chronic diabetic wound healing.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3504100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21972166).
文摘Herein,we review the significant of ordered macroporous(OM)TiO_(2)-based catalysts for boosting pho-tocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.Based on the need to improve the three key factors of photogenerated charge separation eficiency,solar energy utilization and CO_(2)adsorption rate during the conversion of CO_(2)to H_(2)O,we summarized five modification measures:including doping ions into OM TiO_(2),introducing sec-ond semiconductor coupling and noble metal nanoparticles for fabricating multiple Z-scheme heterojunc-tions,constructing hierarchical pore and carbon-loaded OM TiO_(2)materials,which effectively enhance the absorption rate of visible light,the separation rate of electrons-hole pairs and the selection of multiple active sites.The OM structured TiO_(2)-based photocatalysts solve the single or multiple key factors for en-hancing photocatalytic performances during CO_(2)conversion.The catalytic mechanism and pathways of OM structured TiO_(2)-based photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction are discussed and summarized.It provides new insights on the development of high-efficient catalyst for photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion to solar fu-els.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50708050)the National Water Special Program of China(No.2008ZX07420-005)
文摘XAD-8 resin isolation of organic matter in water was used to divide organic matter into the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions. A pilot plant was used to investigate the change in both fractions during conventional and advanced treatment processes. The treatment of hydrophobic organics （HPO）, rather than hydrophilic organicas （HPI）, should carry greater emphasis due to HPO’s higher trihalomethane formation potential （THMFP） and haloacetic acid formation potential （HAAFP）. The removal of hydrophobic matter and its transmission into hydrophilic matter reduced ultimate DBP yield during the disinfection process. The results showed that sand filtration, ozonation, and biological activated carbon （BAC） filtration had distinct influences on the removal of both organic fractions. Additionally, the combination of processes changed the organic fraction proportions present during treatment. The use of ozonation and BAC maximized organic matter removal efficiency, especially for the hydrophobic fraction. In sum, the combination of pre-ozonation, conventional treatment, and O 3 -BAC removed 48% of dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, 60% of HPO, 30% of HPI, 63% of THMFP, and 85% of HAAFP. The use of conventional treatment and O 3 -BAC without pre-ozonation had a comparable performance, removing 51% of DOC, 56% of HPO, 45% of HPI, 61% of THMFP, and 72% of HAAFP. The effectiveness of this analysis method indicated that resin isolation and fractionation should be standardized as an applicable test to help assess water treatment process efficiency.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875107,U1802256,51672128,52072173 and 21773118)Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professors Program,Jiangsu Province Outstanding Youth Fund(SBK2020010215)+4 种基金Leading Edge Technology of Jiangsu Province(BK20202008)Key Research and Development Program in Jiangsu Province(BE2018122)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20170778)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NE2016005)and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)W.H.acknowledges support from Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX20_0192).
文摘Currently,the practical application of SiO_(x) still has a huge hindrance in the area of lithium ion battery,because it is unable to achieve an effective contact with surrounding conducting materials,resulting in failure to form lithium ion migration tunnels.In this work,we presented a facile method to synthesize the B-doped SiOx composite by adhering SiO_(x) particles with MWCNT(multi-walled carbon nanotube)under the assistance of lithium metaborate(LiBO_(2)).LiBO_(2),as a sintering aid,not only can react with SiO_(x) to form a compacted framework,but also build a three-dimensional(3D)conductive network for ions transportation.Furthermore,B-SiO_(x)@CNT@LBO anode delivers a remarkable lithium storage performance in terms of long cycles and high rate capability.A full cell coupled with NCM622 cathode achieves a high energy density of 429.5 Wh kg^(-1) based on the total mass of cathode.
