Recent advances in modification strategies of silicon-based lithiumion batteries

As potential alternatives to graphite,silicon(Si)and silicon oxides(SiO_(x))received a lot of attention as anode materials for lithiumion batteries owing to their relatively low working potentials,high theoretical specific capacities,and abundant resources.However,the commercialization of Si-based anodes is greatly hindered by their massive volume expansion,low conductivity,unstable solid electrolyte interface(SEI),and low initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE).Continuous endeavors have been devoted to overcoming these challenges to achieve practical usage.This review is centered on the major challenges and latest developments in the modification strategies of Si-based anodes,including structure optimization,surface/interface regulation,novel binders,and innovative design of electrolyte.Finally,outlooks and perspectives of Si-based anodes for future development are presented.

Optimization of the Pre-Hospital Rescue System for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in China

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA)presents a significant public health challenge in China.A sharp contrast in survival rate after OHCA exists between China and more developed countries.Due to the short life-saving time window,emergency medical services(EMS)and bystanders peripheral to EMS are key contributors to survival after OHCA.Here we discuss limitations and challenges for current EMS in rescuing OHCA by reviewing requirements for EMS in China.We call for an updated public health-based prehospital rescue system that includes establishing a cardiac arrest registry,promoting a“Three Early’s”campaign[early dialing of emergency hotline 120,early cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),and early defibrillation],and operating a mechanism comprised of professional public health institutions(EMS,CDC,specialized disease prevention and control institutions,and health education institutions)as well as many governmental departments,such as healthcare,industry and information technology,and education,and non-governmental organizations,such as the Red Cross Society.Following the optimization of the prehospital rescue system and the participation of the whole population in self-rescue and mutual rescue,we believe that a dramatic improvement in OHCA survival will come about in China.

Prevention and Control of Cardiac Arrest in Healthy China

Summary Cardiac arrest(CA)usually occurs out of hospitals,comprising approximately 50%of all cardiovascular deaths,which may delay achievement for Healthy China 2030 goals for life expectancy and premature death from major chronic diseases.In this review of Chinese law and health policy,challenges and opportunities are explored for CA prevention and control.