Research and Application of a Multi-Field Co-Simulation Data Extraction Method Based on Adaptive Infinitesimal Element

Regarding the spatial profile extraction method of a multi-field co-simulation dataset,different extraction directions,locations,and numbers of profileswill greatly affect the representativeness and integrity of data.In this study,a multi-field co-simulation data extractionmethod based on adaptive infinitesimal elements is proposed.Themultifield co-simulation dataset based on related infinitesimal elements is constructed,and the candidate directions of data profile extraction undergo dimension reduction by principal component analysis to determine the direction of data extraction.Based on the fireworks algorithm,the data profile with optimal representativeness is searched adaptively in different data extraction intervals to realize the adaptive calculation of data extraction micro-step length.The multi-field co-simulation data extraction process based on adaptive microelement is established and applied to the data extraction process of the multi-field co-simulation dataset of the sintering furnace.Compared with traditional data extraction methods for multi-field co-simulation,the approximate model constructed by the data extracted from the proposed method has higher construction efficiency.Meanwhile,the relative maximum absolute error,root mean square error,and coefficient of determination of the approximationmodel are better than those of the approximation model constructed by the data extracted from traditional methods,indicating higher accuracy,it is verified that the proposed method demonstrates sound adaptability and extraction efficiency.

Reactive ball-milling synthesis of Co-Fe bimetallic catalyst for efficient hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to value-added hydrocarbons

Catalytic hydrogenation of CO_(2) using renewable hydrogen not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions,but also provides industrial chemicals.Herein,a Co-Fe bimetallic catalyst was developed by a facile reactive ball-milling method for highly active and selective hydrogenation of CO_(2) to value-added hydrocarbons.When reacted at 320℃,1.0 MPa and 9600 mL h^(-1) g_(cat)^(-1),the selectivity to light olefin(C_(2)^(=)-C_(4)^(=)) and C_(5)+ species achieves 57.3% and 22.3%,respectively,at a CO_(2) co nversion of 31.4%,which is superior to previous Fe-based catalysts.The CO_(2) activation can be promoted by the CoFe phase formed by reactive ball milling of the Fe-Co_(3)O_(4) mixture,and the in-situ Co_(2)C and Fe_(5)C_(2) formed during hydrogenation are beneficial for the C-C coupling reaction.The initial C-C coupling is related to the combination of CO species with the surface carbon of Fe/Co carbides,and the sustained C-C coupling is maintained by self-recovery of defective carbides.This new strategy contributes to the development of efficient catalysts for the hydrogenation of CO_(2) to value-added hydrocarbons.

Prediction of Wordle Scores Based on ARIMA and LSTM Models

This paper examines the effectiveness of the Differential autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model in comparison to the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model for predicting Wordle user-reported scores. The ARIMA and LSTM models were trained using Wordle data from Twitter between 7th January 2022 and 31st December 2022. User-reported scores were predicted using evaluation metrics such as MSE, RMSE, R2, and MAE. Various regression models, including XG-Boost and Random Forest, were used to conduct comparison experiments. The MSE, RMSE, R2, and MAE values for the ARIMA(0,1,1) and LSTM models are 0.000, 0.010, 0.998, and 0.006, and 0.000, 0.024, 0.987, and 0.013, respectively. The results indicate that the ARIMA model is more suitable for predicting Wordle user scores than the LSTM model.

秦巴山区传统聚落的空间形态特征及逻辑关系研究

以秦巴山区235个国家级传统聚落为基础,选取典型聚落作为研究样本,基于高分辨率遥感影像、实地调研等多源时空数据,总结秦巴山区传统聚落的空间形态特征。运用多学科交叉复合研究的方式,从宏观、中观和微观层面揭示各类因素对聚落形态的影响,系统、深刻的剖析内在组成规律及成因,以期对传统聚落保护发展提供思路。

全身抗感染治疗下给予穿刺冲洗和切开引流两种术式治疗哺乳期乳腺脓肿的临床疗效观察

目的研究全身抗感染治疗下穿刺冲洗、切开引流治疗哺乳期乳腺脓肿的价值,为临床治疗提供必要指导.方法随机将2018年5月-2019年5月我院40例哺乳期乳腺脓肿患者分为实验组(20例,应用B超引导下穿刺冲洗治疗)、对照组(20例,应用切开引流治疗).对比两组患者各项临床指标.结果实验组术中出血量为(9.02±1.05)mL、脓腔愈合时间为(10.57±2.38)d、术后VAS评分为(1.67±0.55)分、瘢痕长度为(1.12±0.48)mm,均低于对照组,差异具备统计学研究意义(P<0.05).结论全身抗感染治疗条件下,哺乳期乳腺脓肿患者接受B超引导下穿刺冲洗治疗,疗效确切.

Alleviation of mycotoxin biodegradation agent on zearalenone and deoxynivalenol toxicosis in immature gilts

Background: The current study was carried out to evaluate the effects of mycotoxin biodegradation agent(MBA, composed of Bacillus subtilis ANSB01 G and Devosia sp. ANSB714) on relieving zearalenone(ZEA) and deoxynivalenol(DON) toxicosis in immature gilts.Methods: A total of forty pre-pubertal female gilts(61.42 ± 1.18 kg) were randomly allocated to four diet treatments: CO(positive control); MO(negative control, ZEA 596.86 μg/kg feed and DON 796 μg/kg feed);COA(CO + 2 g MBA/kg feed); MOA(MO + 2 g MBA/kg feed). Each treatment contained 10 replicates with 1 gilt per replicate. Gilts were housed in an environmentally controlled room with the partially slatted floor.Results: During the entire experimental period of 28 d, average daily gain(ADG) and average daily feed intake(ADFI)of gilts in MO group was significantly reduced compared with those in CO group. The vulva size of gilts was significantly higher in MO group than CO group. In addition, significant increases in the plasma levels of Ig A,Ig G, IL-8, IL-10 and PRL were determined in MO group compared with that in CO group. ZEA and DON in the diet upregulated apoptotic caspase-3 in ovaries and uteri, along with down-regulated the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in ovaries. The supplementation of MBA into diets co-contaminated with ZEA and DON significantly increased ADG, decreased the vulva sizes, reduced the levels of Ig G, IL-8 and PRL in plasma, and regulated apoptosis in ovaries and uteri of gilts.Conclusions: The present results indicated that feeding diet contaminated with ZEA and DON simultaneously(596.86 μg/kg + 796 μg/kg) had detrimental effects on growth performance, plasma immune function and reproductive status of gilts. And MBA could reduce the negative impacts of these two toxins, believed as a promising feed additive for mitigating toxicosis of ZEA and DON at low levels in gilts.

Characterization of wavy root 1,an agravitropism allele,reveals the functions of OsPIN2 in fine regulation of auxin transport and distribution and in ABA biosynthesis and response in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

Root system architecture is influenced by gravity.How the root senses gravity and directs its orientation,so-called gravitropism,is not only a fundamental question in plant biology but also theoretically important for genetic improvement of crop root architecture.However,the mechanism has not been elucidated in most crops.We characterized a rice agravitropism allele,wavy root 1(war1),a loss-of-function allele in OsPIN2,which encodes an auxin efflux transporter.With loss of OsPIN2 function,war1 leads to altered root system architecture including wavy root,larger root distribution angle,and shallower root system due to the loss of gravitropic perception in root tips.In the war1 mutant,polar auxin transport was disrupted in the root tip,leading to abnormal auxin levels and disturbed auxin transport and distribution in columella cells.Amyloplast sedimentation,an important process in gravitropic sensing,was also decreased in root tip columella cells.The results indicated that OsPIN2 controls gravitropism by finely regulating auxin transport,distribution and levels,and amyloplast sedimentation in root tips.We identified a novel role of OsPIN2 in regulating ABA biosynthesis and response pathways.Loss of OsPIN2 function in the war1 resulted in increased sensitivity to ABA in seed germination,increased ABA level,changes in ABA-associated genes in roots,and decreased drought tolerance in the seedlings.These results suggest that the auxin transporter OsPIN2 not only modulates auxin transport to control root gravitropism,but also functions in ABA signaling to affect seed germination and root development,probably by mediating crosstalk between auxin and ABA pathways.

Engineered microorganisms and enzymes for efficiently synthesizing plant natural products

Plant natural products are a kind of active substance widely used in pharmaceuticals and foods.However,the current production mode based on plant culture and extraction suffer complex processes and severe concerns for environmental and ecological.With the increasing awareness of environmental sustainability,engineered microbial cell factories have been an alternative approach to produce natural products.Many engineering strategies have been utilized in microbial biosynthesis of complex phytochemicals such as dynamic control and substructure engineering.Meanwhile,Enzyme engineering including directed evolution and rational design has been implemented to improve enzyme catalysis efficiency and stability as well as change promiscuity to expand product spectra.In this review,we discussed recent advances in microbial biosynthesis of complex phytochemicals from the following aspects,including pathway construction,strain engineering to boost the production.

Stable cycling of practical high-voltage LiCoO_(2)pouch cell via electrolyte modification

Nitriles as efficient electrolyte additives are widely used in high-voltage lithium-ion batteries.However,their working mechanisms are still mysterious,especially in practical high-voltage LiCoO_(2)pouch lithium-ion batteries.Herein,we adopt a tridentate ligandcontaining 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile(HTCN)as an effective electrolyte additive to shed light on the mechanism of stabilizing high-voltage LiCoO_(2)cathode(4.5 V)through nitriles.The LiCoO_(2)/graphite pouch cells with the HTCN additive electrolyte possess superior cycling performance,90%retention of the initial capacity after 800 cycles at 25℃,and 72%retention after 500 cycles at 45℃,which is feasible for practical application.Such an excellent cycling performance can be attributed to the stable interface:The HTCN molecules with strong electron-donating ability participate in the construction of cathode-electrolyte interphase(CEI)through coordinating with Co ions,which suppresses the decomposition of electrolyte and improves the structural stability of LiCoO_(2)during cycling.In summary,the work recognizes a coordinating-based interphase-forming mechanism as an effective strategy to optimize the performance of high voltage LiCoO_(2)cathode with appropriate electrolyte additives for practical pouch batteries.

Roles of light transmission aggregometry and CYP2C19 genotype in predicting ischaemic complications during interventional therapy for intracranial aneurysms

Background and purpose Light transmission aggregometry(LTA)and CYP2C19 genotype analysis are commonly used to evaluate the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel during the interventional treatment of intracranial aneurysms.The aim of this study was to determine which test can predict ischaemic events during these treatments.Methods Patient demographic information,imaging data,laboratory data and ischaemic complications were recorded.LTA and CYP2C19 genotype results were compared,and multiple linear regression was performed to examine factors related to platelet reactivity.Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine whether LTA and CYP2C19 could predict ischaemic complications and to identify other clinical risk factors.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to calculate the cut-off value for predicting ischaemic complications.A subgroup analysis was also performed for different CYP2C19 genotype metabolisers,as well as for patients with flow diverters and traditional stents.Results A total of 379 patients were included,of which 22 developed ischaemic events.Maximum platelet aggregation induced by ADP(ADP-MPA)could predict ischaemic events(p<0.001;area under the curve,0.752(95%CI 0.663 to 0.842)),and its cut-off value was 41.5%.ADP-MPA(p=0.001)and hypertension duration>10 years(p=0.022)were independent risk factors for ischaemic events,while the CYP2C19 genotype was not associated with ischaemic events.In the subgroup analysis,ADP-MPA could predict ischaemic events in fast metabolisers(p=0.004)and intermediate metabolisers(p=0.003).The cut-off value for ischaemic events was lower in patients with flow diverters(ADP-MPA=36.4%)than in patients with traditional stents(ADP-MPA=42.9%).Conclusions ADP-MPA can predict ischaemic complications during endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms.Patients with flow diverters require stronger antiplatelet medication than patients with traditional stents.

Photon counting technique as a potential tool in micro-defect detection of epoxy insulation pull rod in gas-insulated switchgears

The micro-defects in epoxy-based insulation materials generate a local high electric field which results in continuous degradation,seriously endangering the insulation system of gas-insulated switchgears.A highly sensitive detection technique is reported for micro-defects of insulation pull rods based on the photon counting(PC)technique.The re-sults demonstrated that for an epoxy-based insulation pull rod,the photons released during electroluminescence and ionisation at 2 kV,which is less than the partial discharge inception voltage,can be clearly detected.The findings presented a strong correlation between photon counts and defect severity.Discourse has been conducted to elucidate the mechanism behind defect-induced PC,employing the amplification of ionising luminescence through electric field distortion induced by micro defects and the augmentation of electroluminescence through the aggregation of trap charge.In this regard,the authors verified that PC can serve as a potential tool in the detection of micro-insulation defects,which also has huge potential in online insulation condition monitoring.

Modified NiFe-MOF with defects induced by-NH_(2)and-SH for enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)

In this study,a Ni-Fe metal-organic framework modified by-NH_(2)and-SH was synthesized using a sim-ple hydrothermal process for enhancing photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.As expected,the N2S-NiFe(NH_(2)-BDC/H_(4)DSBDC,2:1)displayed excellent photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction activity and high CO selectivity(12,412.23μmol g^(−1)h^(−1))under visible light irradiation(λ≥420 nm),which is 5 times that of NiFe-MOF.Notably,the excellent photocatalytic performance of N2S-NiFe can benefit from the rich defect trap site caused by the introduction of amino and sulfhydryl groups,accelerating charge transfer and promoting space charge separation,as supported by the photo-electrochemical properties.To better understand the CO_(2)adsorption mechanism,density functional theory calculations were performed,which revealed that the Niov site has more negative adsorption energy compared with the Feov site.This study provides a simple strategy to establish efficient photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction through the modification of organic ligands.

Statin treatment for unruptured intracranial aneurysms study: a study protocol for a double-blind, placebocontrolled trial

background and purpose A large proportion of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysm(IA)are not suitable for surgical clipping and endovascular treatment.For these patients,anti-inflammatory medications are worth exploring due to inflammation of aneurysmal wall being a major factor in higher risk of rupture.Statin has been proven to reduce inflammation of atherosclerosis and maybe a suitable candidate.This study aimed to evaluate whether atorvastatin will reduce inflammatory of the aneurysm wall measured by the signal index of aneurysm wall enhancement.Methods and analysis The Statin Treatment for UnruptureD Intracranial anEurysms Study is a single-centre,phase 2,randomised,controlled,double-blind clinical trial.60 patients with unruptured IAs with aneurysm wall enhancement will be enrolled in Beijing Tiantan Hospital.The patients will be randomised to receive atorvastatin 20 mg or placebo orally per day for 12 months.The primary outcome will be the change in aneurysm wall enhancement measured by the signal index during the 12 months treatment with atorvastatin.The secondary study outcomes will be the change in aneurysm wall enhancement measured by the signal index at 3 months,the changes in aneurysmal morphology and inflammation-related factors(C reactive protein,tumour necrosis factor-α,interleukin-1βand interleukin-6)at 3 and 12 months.This study is the first to explore the role of atorvastatin in reducing inflammation in unruptured IA,which could lay the groundwork for future phase III trial.Ethics and dissemination Beijing Tiantan Hospital’s Ethics committee approved the research and written informed consents would be obtained from all participant or representative included in this study.

Efficient simulation of a low-profile visualized intraluminal support device: a novel fast virtual stenting technique

Background: The low-profile visualized intraluminal support (LVIS) stent has become a promising endovascular option for treating intracranial aneurysms. To achieve better treatment of aneurysms using LVIS, we developed a fast virtual stenting technique for use with LVIS (F-LVIS) to evaluate hemodynamic changes in the aneurysm and validate its reliability. Methods: A patient-specific aneurysm was selected for making comparisons between the real LVIS (R-LVIS) and the F-LVIS. To perform R-LVIS stenting, a hollow phantom based on a patient-specific aneurysm was fabricated using a three-dimensional printer. An R-LVIS was released in the phantom according to standard procedure. F-LVIS was then applied successfully in this aneurysm model. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) values were calculated for both the F-LVIS and R-LVIS models. Qualitative and quantitative comparisons of the two models focused on hemodynamic parameters. Results: The hemodynamic characteristics for R-LVIS and F-LVIS were well matched. Representative contours of velocities and wall shear stress (WSS) were consistently similar in both distribution and magnitude. The velocity vectors also showed high similarity, although the R-LVIS model showed faster and more fluid streams entering the aneurysm. Variation tendencies of the velocity in the aneurysm and the WSS on the aneurysm wall were also similar in the two models, with no statistically significant differences in either velocity or WSS. Conclusions: The results of the computational hemodynamics indicate that F-LVIS is suitable for evaluating hemodynamic factors. This novel F-LVIS is considered efficient, practical, and effective.

Strain gradient induced grain refinement far below the size limit in a low carbon hypoeutectoid steel(0.19 wt%C)via pipe inner surface grinding treatment

A low carbon hypoeutectoid steel(0.19 wt%C)with proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite dual-components was subjected to surface plastic deformation via pipe inner surface grinding(PISG)at room temperature.The deformation microstructures for each component were systematically characterized along depth,and the patterns of structural evolution toward nanometer regime as well as the governing parameters were addressed.Proeutectoid ferrite grains were refined down to 17 nm,and the pattern covering a length scale of 4–5 orders of magnitude from micron-to nanometer-scale follows:formation of cellular dislocation structure(CDS),elongated dislocation structure(EDS),ultrafine lamellar structure(UFL)and finally the nanolaminated structure(NL).The pearlite experiences the deformation and refinement,and finally the transforming the ultrafine pearlite(UFP)into nanolaminated pearlite(NLP)with the ferrite lamellae as thin as 20 nm.Refinement for both UFL(UFP)and NL(NLP)can be realized via forming novel extended boundaries within ferrite lamellae.A critical lattice curvature of~2.8°is required for forming such extended boundary,corresponding to a minimum strain gradient of 0.25μm^(-1)for a 100 nm-thick lamella.Refinement below size limit(expressed by lamellar thickness d_Tin nm)is correlated with the strain gradient(χ,inμm^(-1))by:d_T=12.5/x.Refinement contributions from strain gradient caused by PISG processing and material heterogeneity were discussed.

Dynamic Analysis and Simulation of an Optically Levitated Rotating Ellipsoid Rotor in Liquid Medium

Optical trap,a circularly polarized laser beam can levitate and control the rotation of microspheres in liquid medium with high stiffness.Trapping force performs as confinement while the trapped particle can be analog to a liquid floated gyroscope with three degree-of-ffeedom.In this work,we analyzed the feasibility of applying optically levitated rotor in the system.We presented the dynamic analysis and simulation of an ellipsoid micron particle.The precession motion and nutation motion of a rotating ellipsoid probe particle in optical tweezers were performed.We also analyzed the attitude changes of an optically levitated ellipsoid when there was variation of the external torque caused by deviation of the incident light that was provided.Furthermore,the trail path of the rotational axis vertex and the stabilization process of a particle of different ellipticities were simulated.We compared the movement tendencies of particles of different shapes and analyzed the selection criteria of ellipsoid rotor.These analytical formulae and simulation results are applicable to the analysis of the rotational motion of particles in optical tweezers,especially to the future research of the gyroscope effect.

Construction of physical crosslink-based chitosan/liquid crystal composite hydrogel and evaluation on their cytocompatibility

In order to provide a novel biomimetic composite substrate for tissue engineering and explore the interaction between cells and this type of material,we developed chitosan/liquid crystal(CS/LC)composite hydrogel with embedded LC phases by composing of cholesterol hydroxypropyl cellulose ester liquid crystalline material and CS.The micromorphology of CS/LC composite hydrogels exhibited‘islands-sea’phase separation structures similar to the‘fluid mosaic model’of biomembrane.In vitro cell compatibility study suggested that 3T3 is fibroblasts exhibited better initial cell adhesions and higher proliferation rates on the composite hydrogel than on the polystyrene control plate and the pure LC membrane.This novel CS/LC composite hydrogel provides more favorable interface for cell growth and proliferation and may serve as potentially active substrate for engineering interfaces to live cells.

ZnO纳米锥丛林阵列的低温制备和光催化性能

用低温水热法(60℃)在纯水中在锌片上制备了ZnO纳米锥丛林阵列,并使用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪等手段对其形貌、结构和化学成分进行了表征。结果表明,锌片表面被成簇的ZnO纳米锥和独立生长的ZnO纳米锥完全覆盖,ZnO纳米结构的纯度较高晶体质量也较好。ZnO纳米锥丛林阵列对甲基橙和亚甲基蓝都具有良好的催化性能,证明ZnO纳米锥丛林阵列对染料具有普遍催化作用。还分析了ZnO纳米锥丛林阵列的生长机制和光催化机理。

Distant eQTLs and Non-coding Sequences Play Critical Roles in Regulating Gene Expression and Quantitative Trait Variation in Maize

A detailed understanding of genetic architecture of mRNA expression by millions of genetic variants is important for studying quantitative trait variation. In this study, we identified 1.25M SNPs with a minor allele frequency greater than 0.05 by combining reduced genome sequencing （GBS）, high- density array technologies （600K）, and previous deep RNA-sequencing data from 368 diverse inbred lines of maize. The balanced allelic frequencies and distributions in a relatively large and diverse natural panel helped to identify expression quantitative trait loci （eQTLs） associated with more than 18 000 genes （63.4% of tested genes）. We found that distant eQTLs were more frequent （~75% of all eQTLs） across the whole genome. Thirteen novel associated loci affecting maize kernel oil concentration were identified using the new dataset, among which one intergenic locus affected the kernel oil variation by controlling expression of three other known oil-related genes. Altogether, this study provides resources for expanding our understanding of cellular regulatory mechanisms of transcriptome variation and the landscape of functional variants within the maize genome, thereby enhancing the understanding of quantitative variations.

ZmCOL3, a CCT gene represses flowering in maize by interfering with the circadian clock and activating expression of ZmCCT

Flowering time is a trait vital to the adaptation of flowering plants to different environments. Here, we report that CCT domain genes play an important role in flowering in maize （Zea mays L.）. Among the 53 CCT family genes we identified in maize, 28 were located in flowering time quantitative trait locus regions and 15 were significantly associated with flowering time, based on candidate-gene association mapping analysis. Furthermore, a CCT gene named ZmCOL3 was shown to be a repressor of flowering. Overexpressing ZmCOL3 delayed flowering time by approximately 4 d, in either long-day or short-day conditions. The absence of one cytosine in the ZmCOL3 3＇UTR and the presence of a 551 bp fragment in the promoter region are likely the causal polymorphisms contributing to the maize adaptation from tropical to temperate regions. We propose a modified model of the maize photoperiod pathway, wherein ZmCOL3 acts as an inhibitor of flowering either by transactivating transcription of ZmCCT, one of the key genes regulating maize flowering, or by interfering with the circadian clock.