Spatially Bandgap-Graded Mo S2（1-x）Se2x Homojunctions for Self-Powered Visible–Near-Infrared Phototransistors

Ternary transition metal dichalcogenide alloys with spatially graded bandgaps are an emerging class of two-dimensional materials with unique features,which opens up new potential for device applications.Here,visible–near-infrared and self-powered phototransistors based on spatially bandgap-graded MoS2(1−x)Se2x alloys,synthesized by a simple and controllable chemical solution deposition method,are reported.The graded bandgaps,arising from the spatial grading of Se composition and thickness within a single domain,are tuned from 1.83 to 1.73 eV,leading to the formation of a homojunction with a builtin electric field.Consequently,a strong and sensitive gate-modulated photovoltaic effect is demonstrated,enabling the homojunction phototransistors at zero bias to deliver a photoresponsivity of 311 mA W−1,a specific detectivity up to^10^11 Jones,and an on/off ratio up to^10^4.Remarkably,when illuminated by the lights ranging from 405 to 808 nm,the biased devices yield a champion photoresponsivity of 191.5 A W−1,a specific detectivity up to^1012 Jones,a photoconductive gain of 10^6–10^7,and a photoresponsive time in the order of^50 ms.These results provide a simple and competitive solution to the bandgap engineering of two-dimensional materials for device applications without the need for p–n junctions.

Comparative analysis of constitutes and metabolites for traditional Chinese medicine using IDA and SWATH data acquisition modes on LC-Q-TOF MS

Identification of components and metabolites of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)employing liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(LC-Q-TOF MS)techniques with information-dependent acquisition(IDA)approaches is increasingly frequent.A current drawback of IDA-MS is that the complexity of a sample might prevent important compounds from being triggered in IDA settings.Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra(SWATH)is a dataindependent acquisition(DIA)method where the instrument deterministically fragments all precursor ions within the predefined m/z range in a systematic and unbiased fashion.Herein,the superiority of SWATH on the detection of TCMs’components was firstly investigated by comparing the detection efficiency of SWATH-MS and IDA-MS data acquisition modes,and sanguisorbin extract was used as a mode TCM.After optimizing the setting parameters of SWATH,rolling collision energy(CE)and variable Q1 isolation windows were found to be more efficient for sanguisorbin identification than the fixed CE and fixed Q1 isolation window.More importantly,the qualitative efficiency of SWATH-MS on sanguisorbins was found significantly higher than that of IDA-MS data acquisition.In IDA mode,18 kinds of sanguisorbins were detected in sanguisorbin extract.A total of 47 sanguisorbins were detected when SWATH-MS was used under rolling CE and flexible Q1 isolation window modes.Besides,26 metabolites of sanguisorbins were identified in rat plasma,and their metabolic pathways could be deduced as decarbonylation,oxidization,reduction,methylation,and glucuronidation according to their fragmental ions acquired in SWATH-MS mode.Thus,SWATH-MS data acquisition could provide more comprehensive information for the component and metabolite identification for TCMs than IDA-MS.

Impacts of application patterns and incorporation rates of dredged Yellow River sediment on structure and infiltration of saline-alkali soil

Soil salinization is an issue of global concern.Despite recent evidence indicates that application of sediments into saline-alkali soil in Yellow River Delta as an additive can increase crop yield,its effects on soil structure and infiltration remain uncertain.In this study,the comprehensively analyses were conducted on the soil infiltration and microstructure of the soil treated with three sediment application layers(surface layer at 0-15 cm,lower layer at 15-30 cm,and plough layer at 0-30 cm)and four sediment incorporation rates(0,2%,5%and 10%),using soil column simulation experiment.Results indicated that the dredged Yellow River sediments can improve the infiltration capacity of saline-alkali soil;and the infiltration capacity increased with the rising sediment incorporation rate under the given application pattern.Compared with the control,applying dredged Yellow River sediments at 10%rate at lower layer and plough layer significantly facilitated the soil infiltration of the saline-alkali soil.Soil macro-porosity for T2,T5 and T10 was 26%,52%and 158%more than that for the control,respectively.This phenomenon was attributed to the increased soil macro-porosity,due to the improved soil microstructure with the incorporation of sediment into the saline-alkali soil.Moreover,the cumulative infiltration was fitted better with Kostiakov infiltration model than Horton and Philip models.