Identification of cell surface markers for acute myeloid leukemia prognosis based on multi-model analysis

Given the extremely high inter-patient heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia(AML),the identification of biomarkers for prognostic assessment and therapeutic guidance is critical.Cell surface markers(CSMs)have been shown to play an important role in AML leukemogenesis and progression.In the current study,we evaluated the prognostic potential of all human CSMs in 130 AML patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)based on differential gene expression analysis and univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.By using multi-model analysis,including Adaptive LASSO regression,LASSO regression,and Elastic Net,we constructed a 9-CSMs prognostic model for risk stratification of the AML patients.The predictive value of the 9-CSMs risk score was further validated at the transcriptome and proteome levels.Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor for the AML patients.The AML patients with high 9-CSMs risk scores had a shorter overall and event-free survival time than those with low scores.Notably,single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis indicated that patients with high 9-CSMs risk scores exhibited chemotherapy resistance.Furthermore,PI3K inhibitors were identified as potential treatments for these high-risk patients.In conclusion,we constructed a 9-CSMs prognostic model that served as an independent prognostic factor for the survival of AML patients and held the potential for guiding drug therapy.

生物聚氨酯/羟基磷灰石微相分离与形状记忆性能

形状记忆功能化生物聚氨酯在医用植入体材料中备受关注,而聚氨酯的形状记忆性能与其微相分离结构密切相关。文中以可降解聚己内酯二醇(PCL-diol)、脂环形异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、1,4-丁二醇(BDO)为单体通过两步法合成生物聚氨酯(PU),以溶液共混的方式加入PU基体中,制备了一系列聚氨酯/羟基磷灰石(PU/HA)复合材料。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、热失重分析和动态力学热分析等不同表征方法研究了HA的引入对PU基体微相分离的影响,及其与宏观形状记忆性能的关系,并考察了材料的生物安全性。结果表明,HA的引入明显促进了PU的微相分离,随着HA含量的增加,硬段与软段的玻璃化转变温度差值越大,表明微相分离程度越高。在HA质量分数低于15%时,HA的含量越高,形状回复越快,表明微相分离程度越高,形状记忆性能越好。L929细胞毒性测试结果显示,PU/HA具有良好的细胞安全性,在医用骨修复领域有潜在的应用价值。

聚乳酸增强增韧的研究进展

聚乳酸(PLA)作为一种新型的生物可降解材料,来源广泛、加工性能良好,但其硬而脆的属性限制了其在一些领域的应用。近年来,人们采用多种方法对PLA进行增强增韧改性以获得最优性能。文中针对PLA的特性、功能化和高性能化的发展趋势,并结合笔者课题组有关PLA的工作,首先揭示了PLA增强增韧的机理,然后从化学改性和物理改性两方面介绍了PLA的改性方法,随后讨论了聚乳酸与生物降解型和非生物降解型聚合物组成的复合材料,最后总结了聚乳酸在绿色电子器件、生物医用材料、形状记忆功能材料等领域中的应用,并对其未来的发展形势做出了展望,为开发新型聚乳酸增强增韧策略提供新的方法和思路。

紫外光固化超支化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的制备及性能

采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)或甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)与聚四氢呋喃醚二醇(PTMG)反应生成线型的分子结构,再加入甘油得到具有超支化结构的聚氨酯预聚体,接枝上丙烯酸酯制得超支化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)。通过红外分析、核磁共振氢谱、凝胶渗透色谱和热重分析等对PUA的结构和性能进行了表征,讨论了甘油和丙烯酸酯的加入比例、反应时间和温度等因素对PUA性能的影响。研究结果表明,合成了预期结构的超支化PUA;10 min左右即可快速UV固化成1 mm厚膜;随着交联剂含量的增加,2种PUA的拉伸强度均达到50 MPa以上;拉伸剪切强度接近0.8 MPa;固化膜沸水中的吸水率低于5%,丙酮中的溶胀率低于300%,在酸或碱溶液中浸泡7 d,无起泡、起皱和发白等现象。

PCL-b-PHEAA两亲性嵌段共聚物的制备与表征

两亲性嵌段共聚物分子链中含有亲水链段和疏水链段,在组织工程、药物缓释、基因输送等领域有潜在的应用价值,常被用作生物医用材料。通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)在聚己内酯(PCL)分子链中引入亲水性基团,以改善其疏水性能。文中首先制备了聚己内酯大分子引发剂,PCL与2-溴异丁酰溴(BIBB)反应,得到聚己内酯引发剂;再以溴化亚铜为催化剂,2,2-联吡啶为配体,ATRP法引发羟乙基丙烯酰胺(HEAA)聚合,得到两亲性嵌段共聚物。通过核磁共振、红外光谱、凝胶渗透色谱、差示扫描量热分析、扫描电镜、热重分析等方法对共聚物进行表征。结果表明成功合成了PCL-b-PHEAA共聚物,嵌段共聚物在50℃附近发生熔融转变,为致密的层状结构。两亲性嵌段共聚物在选择性溶剂中自组装成胶束,在药物缓释方面有潜在的应用价值。

Complications and risk factors for complications of implanted subcutaneous ports for intraperitoneal chemotherapy in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis

Objective:Intraperitoneal(IP)chemotherapy through subcutaneous port is an effective treatment for gastric cancer(GC)patients with peritoneal metastasis(PM).The objective of this study is to assess the port complications and risk factors for complications in GC patients with PM.Methods:In retrospective screening of 301 patients with subcutaneous ports implantation,249 GC patients with PM who received IP chemotherapy were screened out for analysis.Port complications and risk factors for complications were analyzed.Results:Of the 249 analyzed patients,57(22.9%)experienced port complications.Subcutaneous liquid accumulation(42.1%)and infection(28.1%)were the main complications,and other complications included port rotation(14.1%),wound dehiscence(12.3%),inflow obstruction(1.7%)and subcutaneous metastasis(1.7%).The median interval between port implantation and occurrence of complications was 3.0 months.Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)performance status[odds ratio(OR),1.74;95%confidence interval(95%CI),1.12-2.69],albumin(OR,3.67;95%CI,1.96-6.86),implantation procedure optimization(OR,0.33;95%CI,0.18-0.61)and implantation groups(OR,0.37;95%CI,0.20-0.69)were independent risk factors for port complications(P<0.05).ECOG performance status was the only factor that related to the grades of port complications(P=0.016).Conclusions:Port complications in GC patients who received IP chemotherapy are manageable.ECOG performance status,albumin,implantation procedure and implantation group are independent risk factors for port complications in GC patients with PM.

Nerve growth factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the mesencephalon and diencephalon, as well as visual-and auditory-related nervous tissues, in a macaque model of type 2 diabetes

The present study detected distribution and expression of nerve growth factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the mesencephalon and diencephalon, as well as visual- and auditory-related nervous tissues, in a macaque model of type 2 diabetes using immunohistochemistry. Results showed that nerve growth factor expression decreased, but inducible nitric oxide synthase expression increased, in the mesencephalon and diencephalon, as well as visual- and auditory- related nervous tissues. These results suggested that nerve growth factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase play an important role in regulating the development of diabetic visual- and auditory-related diseases.

Synthesis and Properties of Novel Non-Ionic Polyurethane Dispersion Based on Hydroxylated Tung Oil and Alicyclic Isocyanates

Hydroxylated Tung oil (HTO) based nonionic polyurethane dispersion (HTO-NPUD) were synthesized using dicyclohexyl methane diisocyanate (HMDI) and HTO as main hydrophobic materials whereas polyethylene glycol-800 (PEG-800) as hydrophilic chain extender. To effectively study the effects of HTO on properties of NPUD, polypropylene glycol-400(PPG-400) based NPUD was prepared by HMDI reacting with PPG-400 and PEG-800. The structures of those novel nonionic polyurethane dispersions were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR. Moreover, particle size and size distribution, cloud point and surface tension had been investigated. Results showed that, by comparing with PPG based NPUD (PPG-NPUD), the introduction of HTO into NPUD result in larger particle size and more uniformed particle size distribution, higher cloud point and lower surface tension.

Covalent organic framework shows high isobutene adsorption selectivity from C_(4) hydrocarbons:Mechanism of interpenetration isomerism and pedal motion

Adsorption and separation of C_(4) hydrocarbons are crucial steps in petrochemical processes.Employment of porous materials for enhancing the separation efficiency have paid much attention.Covalent-organic frameworks of diamond-topology,dia-COFs,often exhibit unique structural properties such as interpenetration isomerism and pedal motion.Herein,in order to get a deep insight into the structure-performance correlation of such dia-COFs,a series of dia-COF materials have been proposed and theoretically investigated on the C_(4) separation.It is found that these dia-COFs display an excellent adsorption and separation property towards isobutene with respect to other C_(4) hydrocarbons(i.e.,1,3-butadiene,1-butene,2-cis-butene,2-trans-butene,isobutane and n-butane).What’s more,the correlation between the topology parameters and experimental synthesis feasibility has been established for COF-300(dia-cN),and the unreported COF-300(dia-c3) is predicted to be experimentally feasible synthesized.Our findings not only provide a deep insight into the mechanism of topology characteristics of dia-COFs on C_(4) adsorption and separation properties but also guide the design and synthesis of novel highly-effective porous materials.

Sequential Time-of-Flight: Localization of Mobile Robots with Single Receiver

In order to reduce the cost of indoor localization system for autonomous mobile robots( AMRs) and to enhance the localization efficiency,this paper presents a localization approach using sequential time of flight( STOF) measurements from a single receiver to localize AMRs in indoor environments. The STOF is a series of TOF measurements that are acquired by the mobile source in sequence. Combined with the pose estimation obtained from the Dead Reckoning( DR) method,the STOF measurements from a single receiver can be adapted and applied to the trilateration localization model to determine the indoor position of the AMRs. Based on the error analysis of the STOF localization,a double-layer Kalman filter( DLKF) is proposed to fuse multiple STOF localization results and further improve the localization accuracy. In the computer simulation experiments,an average ±20 mm positioning accuracy is attained with the presence of simulated noise that is similar to the realistic sensor noise in magnitude. The simulation results indicate the effectiveness and the potential value of the proposed localization scheme in the practical indoor localization application.

State Estimation Moving Window Gradient Iterative Algorithm for Bilinear Systems Using the Continuous Mixed p-norm Technique

This paper studies the parameter estimation problems of the nonlinear systems described by the bilinear state space models in the presence of disturbances.A bilinear state observer is designed for deriving identification algorithms to estimate the state variables using the input-output data.Based on the bilinear state observer,a novel gradient iterative algorithm is derived for estimating the parameters of the bilinear systems by means of the continuous mixed p-norm cost function.The gain at each iterative step adapts to the data quality so that the algorithm has good robustness to the noise disturbance.Furthermore,to improve the performance of the proposed algorithm,a dynamicmoving window is designed which can update the dynamical data by removing the oldest data and adding the newestmeasurement data.A numerical example of identification of bilinear systems is presented to validate the theoretical analysis.

The Nonlinear Coupling of Oscillating Bubble and Floating Body with Circular Hole

The fluid-structure interaction of the oscillating bubble and floating body with circular hole is essentially the nonlinear coupling problem among the incomplete movable boundary,free surface and bubble.This problem is particularly complicated in bubble dynamics.Combined with the volume of fluid method,the Eulerian finite element method is employed to deal with the fluid movement.Based on the improved penalty immersed boundary method,the transient axisymmetric numerical model is established in this paper,considering the fluid-structure interaction effect.The results of simulation are consistent with those of the electric discharge bubble experiment and explosion experiment.Subsequently,considering the influence of the hole size,floating body density,explosive location,and buoyancy,this complex fluid-structure interaction problem is analyzed systematically.Through numerical simulation,we get some new conclusions.When the radius of the hole Rh less than the maximum radius of the oscillating bubble,the changes in the whole system are incredibly intense,and the free surface crushing will emerge.The energy of the bubble acts more on the radial direction of the floating body,when the explosive location parameter is small.When the floating body has the same density as the water,the multiple spike skirt is displayed vividly.And the buoyancy of fluid can produce a lifting effect on the floating body.

Non-invasive assessment for intratumoural distribution of interstitial fluid flow

Interstitial fluid plays a vital role in drug delivery and tumour treatment.However,few non-invasive measurement methods are available for measuring low-velocity biological fluid flow.Therefore,this study aimed to develop a novel technology called interstitial flow velocity-MRI.The interstitial flow velocity-MRI sequence consists of a dual inversion recovery preparation and an improved stimulated echo sequence(ISTE)combined with phase-contrast MRI.A homemade flow phantom was used to assess the feasibility and sensitivity of interstitial flow velocity-MRI.In addition,xenografts of female BALB/c mouse models of 4T1 breast cancer administered losartan(40 mg/kg)or saline(n?6)were subjected to imaging on a 7.0 T scanner to assess the in vivo interstitial fluid flow velocity.The results showed a significant correlation(P<0.001)between the theoretical velocities and velocities measured using the flow phantom.Interstitial flow velocity-MRI could detect a velocity as low as 10.21±2.65 mm/s with a spatial resolution of 0.313 mm.The losartan group had a lower mean interstitial fluid velocity than the control group(85±16 vs 113±24 mm/s).In addition,compared to the saline treatment,losartan treatment reduced the proportion of collagen fibres by 10%and 12%in the Masson and Sirius red staining groups,respectively.Interstitial flow velocity-MRI has the potential to determine interstitial fluid flow velocity non-invasively and exhibits an intuitive velocity map.

Investigation on Low Hemoglobin and Ascaris Infection among Primary and Secondary School Students in Hohhot

Introduction: Anemia and Ascaris infection are important indicators to reflect the health status of students. In this study, by investigating the current situation of low hemoglobin and positive rate of Ascaris eggs of primary and secondary school students in Hohhot, the health status of local primary and secondary school students is actually reflected. Objectives: To understand the prevalence of Low Hemoglobin and Ascaris infection among primary and secondary school students in Hohhot in 2015 and to give some suggestions on the health status of primary and secondary school students in Hohhot. Study Design: This project uses a cross-sectional study to investigate the distribution of disease and health status of primary and middle school students in Hohhot at a specific time, and to provide a clue to the cause of the hypothesis test. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 4 districts, 4 counties and 1 flag in Hohhot, a total of 36 primary and secondary schools for sample survey. Cyanine HiCN and smear method is to detect hemoglobin and ascaris eggs positive. Results: In 2015, the positive rate of low hemoglobin in primary and secondary school students was 21.45% in urban and rural areas, 33.17% in urban and rural areas, 43.69% in rural areas, 13.59% in ascaris eggs, 10.69% in urban and rural areas, 7.81% in rural areas. There are geographical differences and gender differences between cities, urban-rural junctions and rural areas (p Conclusion: The prevalence of low hemoglobin in primary and secondary school students in Hohhot is high in rural areas. The detection rate of ascaris egg positive rate in the city is high. Monitoring, publicity and education should continue to be strengthened.

Nutritional Status of Students in Poverty-Stricken Areas

Objective: In this study, we aim to understand the nutritional status of students in poverty-stricken areas of Inner Mongolia and their links with academic performance and to provide a scientific basis for the designated nutrition intervention and health education in students. Methods: In Zhalaiteqi County students’ physical health survey data and learning achievement scores from 2012 to 2013 were selected as research data, and the nutritional status of the students was judged by statistical analysis of physical data. Results: The malnutrition rate was 22.21%, the overweight rate was 6.0%, and the obesity rate was 3.81% in 2012. The detection rate of the male normal group was 80.22%, and the detection rate of the female normal group was 75.63%. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 27.036 P Conclusion: The nutritional status of students in poverty-stricken areas in Inner Mongolia cannot be neglected. Weight loss and obesity have a negative impact on students’ academic performance. Effective measures should be taken to control the present situation.

B cell development and antibody responses in human immune system mice:current status and future perspective

Humanized immune system(HIS)mice have been developed and used as a small surrogate model to study human immune function under normal or disease conditions.Although variations are found between models,most HIS mice show robust human T cell responses.However,there has been unsuccessful in constructing HIS mice that produce high-affinity human antibodies,primarily due to defects in terminal B cell differentiation,antibody affinity maturation,and development of primary follicles and germinal centers.In this review,we elaborate on the current knowledge about and previous attempts to improve human B cell development in HIS mice,and propose a potential strategy for constructing HIS mice with improved humoral immunity by transplantation of human follicular dendritic cells(FDCs)to facilitate the development of secondary follicles.

Federated Meta Reinforcement Learning for Personalized Tasks

As an emerging privacy-preservation machine learning framework,Federated Learning(FL)facilitates different clients to train a shared model collaboratively through exchanging and aggregating model parameters while raw data are kept local and private.When this learning framework is applied to Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL),the resultant Federated Reinforcement Learning(FRL)can circumvent the heavy data sampling required in conventional DRL and benefit from diversified training data,besides privacy preservation offered by FL.Existing FRL implementations presuppose that clients have compatible tasks which a single global model can cover.In practice,however,clients usually have incompatible(different but still similar)personalized tasks,which we called task shift.It may severely hinder the implementation of FRL for practical applications.In this paper,we propose a Federated Meta Reinforcement Learning(FMRL)framework by integrating Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning(MAML)and FRL.Specifically,we innovatively utilize Proximal Policy Optimization(PPO)to fulfil multi-step local training with a single round of sampling.Moreover,considering the sensitivity of learning rate selection in FRL,we reconstruct the aggregation optimizer with the Federated version of Adam(Fed-Adam)on the server side.The experiments demonstrate that,in different environments,FMRL outperforms other FL methods with high training efficiency brought by Fed-Adam.

Lorentz violation induces isospectrality breaking in Einstein-bumblebee gravity theory

In this study,we investigate the quasinormal modes(QNMs)of a Lorentz-violating spacetime,factoring in a cosmological constant,within the framework of Einstein-bumblebee gravity.Our findings reveal that the interaction of spacetime with an anisotropic bumblebee field imparts distinct contributions to the axial and polar sectors of the vector perturbations.This subsequently breaks the isospectrality typically observed in vector modes.Numerical evidence strongly indicates isospectral breaking in the vector modes of Einstein-bumblebee black holes:a pronounced breakage in the real part of the frequencies,while the imaginary component seems less affected.This isospectral breaking indicates the existence of two different waveforms in the Ringdown phase of the black hole,which provides a potential signal of quantum gravity observable in current experiments.

Quasinormal modes and isospectrality of Bardeen(Anti-)de Sitter black holes

Black holes(BHs)exhibiting coordinate singularities but lacking essential singularities throughout the spacetime are referred to as regular black holes(RBHs).The initial formulation of RBHs was presented by Bardeen,who considered the Einstein equation coupled with a nonlinear electromagnetic field.In this study,we investigate the gravitational perturbations,including the axial and polar sectors,of the Bardeen(Anti-)de Sitter black holes.We derive the master equations with source terms for both axial and polar perturbations and subsequently compute the quasinormal modes(QNMs)through numerical methods.For the Bardeen de Sitter black hole,we employ the 6thorder WKB approach.The numerical results reveal that the isospectrality is broken in this case.Conversely,the QNM frequencies are calculated using the HH method for the Bardeen Anti-de Sitter black hole.

焦化联合生产模式的物质流-价值流耦合分析

针对复杂市场环境下4种典型焦化生产模式的优选问题,建立了物质流与价值流耦合模型,分析了不同情景下4种模式的物质输入输出及相应的价值流转过程,比较了资源增值效率指标.结果表明,液化天然气油苯加工模式的增值效率在历史情景下比其它模式高3%-10%;产业链延伸增值效率为焦油粗苯分离出萘（29）纯苯（32%）（29）焦炉煤气制液化天然气（21%）（29）焦炉煤气制甲醇（1%）.在经济上行状态的虚拟情景下,焦炉煤气制甲醇比其它措施增值效率高36%-50%.