EGFR/TP53/RB1三重突变的小细胞肺癌转化研究及治疗进展

表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变型非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者在接受EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitors,TKIs)靶向治疗后能获得临床获益,但之后会不可避免地出现获得性耐药,而发生小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)组织学转化被认为是一种罕见的耐药机制。随着二代基因检测(next-generation sequencing,NGS)技术的快速发展及广泛应用,研究者发现存在EGFR/TP53/RB1三重突变的NSCLC经靶向治疗后更容易发生SCLC组织学转化,并且转化型SCLC疗效及预后较差。本文对近年来关于EGFR突变的NSCLC发生SCLC组织学转化的研究作一综述,涉及相关的转化机制、可能有效的新型药物及治疗策略,为EGFR/TP53/RB1三重突变的转化型SCLC患者提供更多潜在的临床治疗选择。

The synthesis and application of zeolitic material from fly ash by one-pot method at low temperature

A new route to prepare zeolitic material was introduced in this work. Compared with traditional methods, the new route showed lower energy consume. The effect of pre-treatment conditions on structure and crystalline phase was investigated, revealing that the mullite crystalline phase in fly ash could be converted to amorphous phase by alkali at low temperature. The removal performance of heavy metal ions on designed material was also investigated, and we found that the intermediate product showed higher adsorption capacity on Ni^(2+) than zeolite A.

Tailoring of a robust asymmetric aramid nanofibers/MXene aerogel film for enhanced infrared thermal camouflage and Joule heating performances

The development of infrared(IR)surveillance technology has led to a growing interest in thermal camouflage.However,the trade-off relationship between low IR-emissivity and thermal insulation hinders the advance of thermal camouflage materials.Herein,guided by multi-physics simulation,we show a design of asymmetric aramid nanofibers/MXene(ANF/MXene)aerogel film that realizes high-efficient thermal camouflage applications.The rationale is that the asymmetric structure contains a thermal-insulation three-dimensional(3D)network part to prevent effective heat transfer and a low IR-emissivity(~0.3)dense surface layer to suppress radiative heat emission.It is remarkable that the synergy mechanism in the topology structure contributes to over 40%reduction of target radiation temperature.Impressively,the tailored asymmetric ANF/MXene aerogel film also enables sound mechanical properties such as a Young’s modulus of 44.4 MPa and a tensile strength of 1.3 MPa,superior to most aerogel materials.It also exhibits great Joule heating performances including low driving voltage(4 V),fast thermal response(<10 s),and long-term stability,further enabling its versatile thermal camouflage applications.This work offers an innovative design concept to configure multifunctional structures for next-generation thermal management applications.

Market Rule or Equal Opportunity Rule:An Empirical Analysis Based on Acquisitions of Chinese Listed Companies

This paper examines the data of A-share listed companies in China from 2002 to 2017,drawing on the theory of equal opportunity and market rules in M&A transactions.This paper investigates the correlation between changes in tender offer policy and M&A tendencies and performance.The findings suggest that following the policy shift and the adoption of market rules,companies that secure an exemption from the mandatory tender offer obligation not only exhibit stronger M&A tendencies but also improved long-term M&A performance.This indicates that market rules are more suitable for China and contribute to enhancing the efficiency of the M&A market.The paper also presents evidence of a moderating effect,demonstrating that exemptions from the mandatory tender offer obligation positively influence the relationship between policy change and M&A performance.Lastly,this paper finds that state-owned and large-scale firms tend to exhibit a higher degree of M&A tendencies.

Regulating the microenvironment with nanomaterials:Potential strategies to ameliorate COVID-19

COVID-19,caused by SARS-CoV-2,has resulted in serious economic and health burdens.Current treatments remain inadequate to extinguish the epidemic,and efficient therapeutic approaches for COVID-19 are urgently being sought.Interestingly,accumulating evidence suggests that microenvironmental disorder plays an important role in the progression of COVID-19 in patients.In addition,recent advances in nanomaterial technologies provide promising opportunities for alleviating the altered homeostasis induced by a viral infection,providing new insight into COVID-19 treatment.Most literature reviews focus only on certain aspects of microenvironment alterations and fail to provide a comprehensive overview of the changes in homeostasis in COVID-19 patients.To fill this gap,this review systematically discusses alterations of homeostasis in COVID-19 patients and potential mechanisms.Next,advances in nanotechnology-based strategies for promoting homeostasis restoration are summarized.Finally,we discuss the challenges and prospects of using nanomaterials for COVID-19 management.This review provides a new strategy and insights into treating COVID-19 and other diseases associated with microenvironment disorders.

Rab20 is critical for bacterial lipoprotein tolerization-enhanced bactericidal activity in macrophages during bacterial infection

Bacterial cell wall component-induced tolerance represents an important protective mechanism during microbial infection.Tolerance induced by the TLR2 agonist bacterial lipoprotein(BLP)has been shown to attenuate the inflammatory response,and simultaneously to augment antimicrobial function,thereby conferring its protection against microbial sepsis.However,the underlying mechanism by which BLP tolerance augments bactericidal activity has not been fully elucidated.Here,we reported that the induction of BLP tolerance in murine macrophages upregulated the expression of Rab20,a membrane trafficking regulator,at both the mRNA and protein levels upon bacterial infection.The knockdown of Rab20 with Rab20 specific siRNA(siRab20)did not affect the phagocytosis of Escherichia coli(E.coli),but substantially impaired the intracellular killing of the ingested E.coli in BLP-tolerized macrophages.Furthermore,Rab20 was associated with GFP-E.coli containing phagosomes,and BLP tolerization resulted in the enhanced maturation of GFP-E.coli-containing phagosomes associated with Rab20 and strong lysosomal acidification.The knockdown of Rab20 substantially diminished lysosome acidification and disturbed the fusion of GFP-E.coli containing phagosomes with lysosomes in BLP-tolerized macrophages.These results demonstrate that Rab20 plays a critical role in BLP tolerization-induced augmentation of bactericidal activity via promoting phagosome maturation and the fusion of bacteria containing phagosomes with lysosomes.

How much control causes tunneling? Evidence from China

We study the dynamic causal effects of the shareholding ratio of controlling shareholder on tunneling behavior in China.We use control-right-transfers as the event to conduct the study.We obtain 394 control-right-transfer samples in China corporate control market from 2001 to 2008.We use related party transactions amount to capture control shareholders’tunneling activities,and make the following findings.Firstly,tunneling behavior is significantly affected by the shareholding ratio of controlling shareholder.Secondly,the relationship between tunneling and shareholding ratio of controlling shareholder takes an N shape(incline-decline-incline).There are at least two turning points in the relationship.Furthermore,firms with shareholding ratios of controlling shareholder that range from 34.46%to 39.01%(8.99–18.04%)exhibit the most(least)severe tunneling.Firm size is significantly positively related to tunneling activities.In addition,the shareholding ratios of the board and the tunneling activities are significantly negatively correlated.These findings imply the shareholding ratio decision of controlling shareholder in control transfers lead to agency problems manifested in China in a particular form of tunneling.

Synthesis and reactivity of carbazole-containing hypervalent iodine(Ⅲ) reagents

A range of bench-stable carbazole-containing hypervalent iodine(Ⅲ) reagents were synthesized by I-N bond formation in good yields.This kind of benziodoxolone reagents was used for a C-N coupling reaction to introduce a carbazole group to aromatic heterocycle compounds.