Dynamic compliance penis enlargement patch

Men are particularly sensitive to penis size,especially those with a deformed or injured penis.This can lead to a strong desire for penis enlargement surgery.Given the ethical sensitivities of the penis,penile implants need to be developed with both efficacy and safety.In this study,a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)patch for penile enlargement prepared via cyclic freeze‒thaw cycles and alkaline treatment.The PVA hydrogels treated with 5 M NaOH had the best mechanical properties and stability.A negative Poisson’s ratio structure is incorporated into the design of the enlargement patch,which allows it to conform well to the deformation of the penis.In rabbit models,the enlarged patches can effectively enlarge the penis without degradation or fibrosis while maintaining long-term stability in vivo.This innovation not only provides a safe option for patients in need of penile enlargement but also promises to make a broader contribution to the field of dynamic tissue repair.

加速康复外科在儿童尿道下裂围术期的应用效果分析

目的回顾性分析加速康复外科(ERAS)管理在儿童尿道下裂患者围手术期中的应用效果。方法回顾性收集2018年7月至2022年8月中山大学附属第六医院收治的213例小儿尿道下裂患者的临床资料,排除未行手术治疗及行Ⅰ期预置尿道板者,共纳入尿道下裂患者112例,其中行横裁包皮岛状皮瓣管状尿道成形术(Duckett术)29例,改良加盖岛状皮瓣术(Onlay术)17例,Ⅱ期尿道板纵切卷管术(TIP术)41例,因尿瘘行手术修补者25例。所有患儿围术期采用ERAS流程管理,回顾性分析患儿年龄、身高、体质量指数、合并疾病、手术方式、手术时间、麻醉方式、镇痛方式、术中出血量等资料,同时收集患儿术后住院时间,术后恢复饮食及下床活动时间和术后并发症等临床资料。结果患者总住院时间为(5.8±2.6)d,总术后住院时间为(3.9±2.2)d,手术时间为(139±47)min,术中出血量为[10(5,20)]ml,术后3 h恢复饮食者占87.5%(98/112),术后当天下床活动者为83.9%(94/112),术后随访2~53个月,中位时间27个月。术后总体并发症发生率为19.6%(22/112),其中感染2例,予抗炎引流后好转;尿瘘9例,尿道狭窄4例,尿瘘伴尿道狭窄4例,尿道憩室1例,阴茎头裂开1例,尿道肿物1例,予再次手术后均好转。结论ERAS在小儿尿道下裂围术期应用具有一定的安全性及可行性,可促进术后康复,且未增加并发症。

Integrative analysis of prognostic long non-coding RNAs with copy number variation in bladder cancer

Copy number variations(CNVs), which can affect the role of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs), are important genetic changes seen in some malignant tumors. We analyzed lncRNAs with CNV to explore the relationship between lncRNAs and prognosis in bladder cancer(BLCA). Messenger RNA(mRNA) expression levels, DNA methylation, and DNA copy number data of 408 BLCA patients were subjected to integrative bioinformatics analysis. Cluster analysis was performed to obtain different subtypes and differently expressed lncRNAs and coding genes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA) was performed to identify the co-expression gene and lncRNA modules. CNV-associated lncRNA data and their influence on cancer prognosis were assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Multi-omics integration analysis revealed five prognostic lncRNAs with CNV, namely NR2 F1-AS1, LINC01138, THUMPD3-AS1, LOC101928489, and TMEM147-AS1, and a risk-score signature related to overall survival in BLCA was identified. Moreover, validated results in another independent Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) dataset, GSE31684, were consistent with these results. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling pathway, focal adhesion pathway, and Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription(JAK-STAT) signaling pathway were enriched in a high-risk score pattern, suggesting that imbalance in these pathways is closely related to tumor development. We revealed the prognosis-related lncRNAs by analyzing the expression profiles of lncRNAs and CNVs, which can be used as prognostic biomarkers for BLCA.

A 7-year follow-up study of the features and transformations of elderly male patients with OGTT-1h hyperglycemia

The aim of this paper is to investigate the clin-ical features and transformation of elderly male patients with normal blood glucose levels at fasting and 2 hours after glucose intake but with hyperglycemia(>11.1 mmol/L)1 hour after oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT-1h HG).Seven years of follow-up visits were per-formed on 189 elderly male outpatients with OGTT-1h HG and data was recorded on their body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,serum cholesterol and triglyceride test results and on their glucose tolerance changes every 1–2 years after taking OGTT;their possible causes were analysed.Follow-up visits revealed that 19 patients with OGTT-1h HG were diagnosed with diabetes(10.1%),78 patients with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT,41.3%),2 patients transformed to normal glucose tolerance(NGT,1.1%)and the remaining 90 patients(47.6%)remained unchanged.Synchronized comparison with IGT patients showed that the ratio of OGTT-1h HG patients turning to diabetes was lower than that of IGT patients(21.1%,x2513.05,P,0.01),and the ratio of OGTT-1h HG patients transforming to NGT was slightly higher(0.4%,x252.46,P.0.05).The prevalence of complications of hypertension,coronary heart disease,cerebral vascular diseases and dyslipidemia in patients with OGTT-1h HG were higher than those with NGT(P,0.05)and were similar to that of IGT patients.As a special phenotype of OGTT and as part of an abnormal glucose tolerance con-formation,patients with OGTT-1h HG warrant special attention,since about half of them were found to have developed diabetes or IGT,and their risk of suffering from vascular diseases were also increased.

Diffusion-induced phase separation 3D printed scaffolds for dynamic tissue repair

Many hydrogen-bonded cross-linked hydrogels possess unique properties,but their limited processability hinders their potential applications.By incorporating a hydrogen bond dissociator(HBD)into these hydrogels,we developed injectable 3D printing inks termed diffusion-induced phase separation(DIPS)3D printing inks.Upon extrusion into water and subsequent diffusion of HBD,these ink cure rapidly.The DIPS-printed scaffold retained most of the original hydrogel properties due to the regeneration of hydrogen bonds.Additionally,the reversible nature of hydrogen bonds provides DIPS 3D-printed scaffolds with exceptional recycling and reprinting capabilities,resulting in a reduction in the waste of valuable raw ink materials or additives.Postprocessing introduces new crosslinking methods that modulate the mechanical properties and degradation characteristics of DIPS scaffolds over a broad range.Based on its suitable mechanical properties and bioactivity,we successfully repaired and functionally reconstructed a complex defect in penile erectile tissue using the DIPS scaffold in a rabbit model.In summary,this approach is relevant for various hydrogen-bonded cross-linked hydrogels that offer mild printing conditions and enable the incorporation of bioactive agents.They can be used as scaffolds for dynamic tissue reconstruction,wearable devices,or soft robots.