Co-Harvest Phase-Change Enthalpy and Isomerization Energy for High-Energy Heat Output by Controlling Crystallization of Alkyl-Grafted Azobenzene Molecules

Photoisomerization-induced phase change are important for co-harvesting the latent heat and isomerization energy of azobenzene molecules.Chemically optimizing heat output and energy delivery at alternating temperatures are challenging because of the differences in crystallizability and isomerization.This article reports two series of asymmetrically alkyl-grafted azobenzene(Azo-g),with and without a methyl group,that have an optically triggered phase change.Three exothermic modes were designed to utilize crystallization enthalpy(△H_(c))and photothermal(isomerization)energy(△H_(p))at different temperatures determined by the crystallization.Azo-g has high heat output(275-303 J g^(-1))by synchronously releasing△H_(c)and△H_(p)over a wide temperature range(-79℃to 25℃).We fabricated a new distributed energy utilization and delivery system to realize a temperature increase of 6.6℃at a temperature of-8℃.The findings offer insight into selective utilization of latent heat and isomerization energy by molecular optimization of crystallization and isomerization processes.

Surface-regulated triangular borophene as Dirac-like materials from density functional calculation investigation

By applying the first principles calculations combined with density functional theory (DFT), this study explored the optical properties, electronic structure, and structure stability of triangular borophene decorated chemically, B3X (X=F, Cl) in a systematical manner. As revealed from the results of formation energy, phonon dispersion, and molecular dynamics simulation study, all the borophene decorated chemically were superior and able to be fabricated. In the present study, triangular borophene was reported to be converted into Dirac-like materials when functionalized by F and Cl exhibiting narrow direct band gaps as 0.19 eV and 0.17 eV, separately. Significant light absorption was assessed in the visible light and ultraviolet region. According the mentioned findings, these two-dimensional (2D) materials show large and wide promising applications for future nanoelectronics and optoelectronics.

The application of genome editing technology in fish

The advent and development of genome editing technology has opened up the possibility of directly targeting and modifying genomic sequences in the field of life sciences with rapid developments occurring in the last decade.As a powerful tool to decipher genome data at the molecular biology level,genome editing technology has made important contributions to elucidating many biological problems.Currently,the three most widely used genome editing technologies include:zinc finger nucleases(ZFN),transcription activator like effector nucleases(TALEN),and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR).Researchers are still striving to create simpler,more efficient,and accurate techniques,such as engineered base editors and new CRISPR/Cas systems,to improve editing efficiency and reduce off-target rate,as well as a near-PAMless SpCas9 variants to expand the scope of genome editing.As one of the important animal protein sources,fish has significant economic value in aquaculture.In addition,fish is indispensable for research as it serves as the evolutionary link between invertebrates and higher vertebrates.Consequently,genome editing technologies were applied extensively in various fish species for basic functional studies as well as applied research in aquaculture.In this review,we focus on the application of genome editing technologies in fish species detailing growth,gender,and pigmentation traits.In addition,we have focused on the construction of a zebrafish(Danio rerio)disease model and high-throughput screening of functional genes.Finally,we provide some of the future perspectives of this technology.