Bacterial blight,caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo),is the most destructive bacterial disease of rice.The cloned rice gene Xa21 confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Xoo races.To identify genes involved...Bacterial blight,caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo),is the most destructive bacterial disease of rice.The cloned rice gene Xa21 confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Xoo races.To identify genes involved in Xa21-mediated immunity,a whole-genome oligonucleotide microarray of rice was used to profile the expression of rice genes between incompatible interactions and mock treatments at 0,4,8,24,72 and 120 h post inoculation(hpi) or between incompatible and compatible interactions at 4 hpi,respectively.A total of 441 differentially expressed genes,designated as XDGs(Xa21 mediated differentially expressed genes),were identified.Based on their functional annotations,the XDGs were assigned to 14 categories,including defense-related,signaling,transcriptional regulators.Most of the defense-related genes belonged to the pathogenesis-related gene family,which was induced dramatically at 72 and 120 hpi.Interestingly,most signaling and transcriptional regulator genes were downregulated at 4 and 8 hpi,suggesting that negative regulation of cellular signaling may play a role in the Xa21-mediated defense response.Comparison of expression profiles between Xa21- and other R gene-mediated defense systems revealed interesting common responses.Representative XDGs with supporting evidences were also discussed.展开更多
Common bile duct stones caused by fishbone are rare.Opinions vary on how fish bone entered the bile duct.Here we report a case that an 80-year-old male who had eaten fish several months ago and presented at the Emerge...Common bile duct stones caused by fishbone are rare.Opinions vary on how fish bone entered the bile duct.Here we report a case that an 80-year-old male who had eaten fish several months ago and presented at the Emergency Room because of right upper abdominal pain.Computed tomography scan revealed a thin arc-shaped high-density shadow(Panel A).It is often difficult to show the shape of fishbone via Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography as it can only indicate the filling defect of bile duct(Panel B).Later,the patient underwent laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,and we found an arc-shaped fish bone in bile duct stones(Panel C,D).展开更多
基金funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China to GL(30670175),WS(30328019), and LZ(3073007)from the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China to LZ(2006CB101904)from the Chinese Academy of Sciences to LZ(KSCX2-YW-N-005)
文摘Bacterial blight,caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae(Xoo),is the most destructive bacterial disease of rice.The cloned rice gene Xa21 confers resistance to a broad spectrum of Xoo races.To identify genes involved in Xa21-mediated immunity,a whole-genome oligonucleotide microarray of rice was used to profile the expression of rice genes between incompatible interactions and mock treatments at 0,4,8,24,72 and 120 h post inoculation(hpi) or between incompatible and compatible interactions at 4 hpi,respectively.A total of 441 differentially expressed genes,designated as XDGs(Xa21 mediated differentially expressed genes),were identified.Based on their functional annotations,the XDGs were assigned to 14 categories,including defense-related,signaling,transcriptional regulators.Most of the defense-related genes belonged to the pathogenesis-related gene family,which was induced dramatically at 72 and 120 hpi.Interestingly,most signaling and transcriptional regulator genes were downregulated at 4 and 8 hpi,suggesting that negative regulation of cellular signaling may play a role in the Xa21-mediated defense response.Comparison of expression profiles between Xa21- and other R gene-mediated defense systems revealed interesting common responses.Representative XDGs with supporting evidences were also discussed.
文摘Common bile duct stones caused by fishbone are rare.Opinions vary on how fish bone entered the bile duct.Here we report a case that an 80-year-old male who had eaten fish several months ago and presented at the Emergency Room because of right upper abdominal pain.Computed tomography scan revealed a thin arc-shaped high-density shadow(Panel A).It is often difficult to show the shape of fishbone via Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography as it can only indicate the filling defect of bile duct(Panel B).Later,the patient underwent laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,and we found an arc-shaped fish bone in bile duct stones(Panel C,D).