KLF6 facilitates differentiation of odontoblasts through modulating the expression of P21 in vitro

Multiple signaling pathways are involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in odontogenesis and dental tissue renewal,but the details of these mechanisms remain unknown.Here,we investigated the expression patterns of a transcription factor,Krüppel-like factor 6(KLF6),during the development of murine tooth germ and its function in odontoblastic differentiation.KLF6 was almost ubiquitously expressed in odontoblasts at various stages,and it was co-expressed with P21(to varying degrees)in mouse dental germ.To determine the function of Klf6,overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed in a mouse dental papilla cell line(iMDP-3).Klf6 functioned as a promoter of odontoblastic differentiation and inhibited the proliferation and cell cycle progression of i MDP-3 through p21 upregulation.Dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that Klf6 directly activates p21 transcription.Additionally,the in vivo study showed that KLF6 and P21were also co-expressed in odontoblasts around the reparative dentin.In conclusion,Klf6 regulates the transcriptional activity of p21,thus promoting the cell proliferation to odontoblastic differentiation transition in vitro.This study provides a theoretical basis for odontoblast differentiation and the formation of reparative dentine regeneration.

Tuning the luminous properties and optical thermometry of Cs_(2)SnCl_(6) phosphor microcrystals via Bi and Sb codoping

The toxicity and instability of lead halide perovskite seriously limit its commercial application in lighting,although it has high photoluminescence(PL)efficiency and adjustable emission.Here,lead-free bismuth(Bi)and antimony(Sb)codoped Cs_(2)SnCl_(6)(BSCSC)microcrystals(MCs)are prepared successfully by a solvothermal method.The PL spectrum is composed of dual emission bands with the peak at 485 and 650 nm,of which relative intensity can be tunable through the change of Bi and Sb feeding contents,respectively.Because of the phonon–electron interaction,the PL intensity is enhanced as the temperature rises within the range of 80–260 K.Then,the nonradiative transition is intensified until 380 K,which results in decrease in PL intensity.Simultaneously,combining with time-resolved PL,it is concluded that the emission peak at 485 nm is attributed to the[Bi_(Sn)+V_(Cl)]as the luminescent centers with the lifetime of hundreds of nanoseconds,and the emission peak at 650 nm is attributed to microsecond-timescale self-trapped excitons.The maximum values of relative sensitivity(S_(R))and absolute sensitivity(S_(A))values obtained are 3.82%K^(-1) and 5.11 ns·K^(-1),which for the first time to our knowledge demonstrate that BSCSC MCs can be novel luminescent materials for developing better optical thermometry.Whitelight-emitting diodes(WLEDs)are constructed using BSCSC MCs only combined with an LED chip,the Commission Internationale de L’Eclairage color coordinates of which are(0.30,0.37).It provides a novel scheme for the lighting field to realize WLEDs without adding additional commercial phosphors.

Evaluation of the risk factors for severe complications and surgery of intestinal foreign bodies in adults:a single-center experience with 180 cases

Background Foreign bodies(FBs)lodged in the intestine or causing intestinal complications are uncommon in clinical practice but may pose diagnostic difficulties and prove life-threatening.This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for severe complications and surgery to aid clinicians in the diagnosis and management of intestinal FBs.Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of patients in whom FBs were lodged in the intestine or caused complications from 2010 to 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University(Zhejiang,China).The characteristics of the patients and FBs,symptoms,imaging findings,diagnostics,treatment strategies,and clinical outcomes were analysed.Furthermore,the risk factors for complications and surgery were investigated.Results In total,180 patients were included in our study.Most patients(76.1%)were unable to provide a history of ingestion.Bezoars were the most common FBs(35.6%).The FBs were mainly located in the duodenum(32.8%)and the ileum(27.8%).Surgical removal of FBs was successful in 89(49.4%)patients and endoscopic removal in 54(30.0%)patients.Eleven with perforations were treated conservatively.FBs located in the jejunum or ileum were more likely to cause severe complications than those located in the duodenum.FBs located in the jejunum,ileum,or sigmoid colon were more likely to undergo surgery,and severe complications were an independent risk factor for surgery.Conclusion Intestinal FBs,often localized in angulation,are likely to be misdiagnosed because most patients do not provide a history of FB ingestion.Surgery and endoscopic therapy are the most commonly used treatment modalities.Surgery is not mandatory in clinically stable patients with small and contained perforations.FBs located in the jejunum or ileum are risk factors for both complications and surgery.

Subwavelength metal structures with tunable transmission characteristics by light

Extraordinary optical transmission(EOT)in subwavelength metal structures has been studied widely.Herein,we propose a strategy for tuning the EOT of the bullseye structure.Specifically,the bullseye structure was immersed in a nonlinear medium,and a controlling light was employed to change the refractive index of the medium.At different intensities and distributions of controlling light,the transmission property of signal light in the bullseye structure was simulated.The results show that a variable transmission spectrum in the bullseye structure can be realized.Moreover,the position of the central transmission peak shifts linearly with the increasing intensity of controlling light.