The Merkel cell-neurite complex initiates the perception of touch and mediates Ap slowly adapting type I responses. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with T-cell-mediated inflammation, whereas...The Merkel cell-neurite complex initiates the perception of touch and mediates Ap slowly adapting type I responses. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with T-cell-mediated inflammation, whereas hyperkeratosis is characterized with or without epithelial dysplasia in the oral mucosa. To determine the effects of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis on the Merkel cell-neurite complex, healthy oral mucosal epithelium and lesional oral mucosal epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients were stained by immunohistochemistry （the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and double immunofluorescence methods）using pan cytokeratin, cytokeratin 20 （K20, a Merkel cell marker）, and neurofilament 200 （NF200, a myelinated Aβ- and Aδ-nerve fibre marker） antibodies. N F200-immunoreactive （ir） nerve fibres in healthy tissues and in the lesional oral mucosa epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were counted and statistically analysed. In the healthy oral mucosa, K20-positive Merkel cells with and without close association to the intraepithelial NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected. In the lesional oral mucosa of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients, extremely rare NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected only in the lamina propria. Compared with healthy tissues, lichen planus and hyperkeratosis tissues had significantly decreased numbers of NF200-ir nerve fibres in the oral mucosal epithelium. Lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were associated with the absence of Aβ-nerve endings in the oral mucosal epithelium. Thus, we conclude that mechanosensation mediated by the Merkel cell-neurite complex in the oral mucosal epithelium is impaired in lichen planus and hvperkeratosis.展开更多
Objective:To examine the impact of a 6-week endurance training on red blood cell(RBC)aging and deformability of healthy participants to detect possible improved hemorheological and performance-related adaptations.Meth...Objective:To examine the impact of a 6-week endurance training on red blood cell(RBC)aging and deformability of healthy participants to detect possible improved hemorheological and performance-related adaptations.Methods:A total of 31 participants(17 females and 14 males)performed a 6-week moderate training protocol(three 1-h running sessions per week at 70%of maximal heart rate).Blood was sampled before and after the training.RBCs from each participant were fractioned according to density and age into 4 RBC subfractions.Subfractions were examined for changes of RBC properties,including aging distribution,RBC deformability,RBC microparticles,and phosphatidylserine concentrations.RBC and plasma nitrite levels were measured as indicators of nitric oxide metabolism.Results:Aerobic performance,peak oxygen consumption,ventilatory thresholds,velocity at the aerobic-anaerobic threshold,and lactate at exhaustion improved after training.The relative amount of both young RBCs and old RBCs increased,and the amount of the main RBC fraction decreased.Phosphatidylserine externalization and RBC-derived microparticles decreased.Overall deformability expressed as shear stress required to achieve half-maximum deformation to theoretical maximal elongation index at infinite shear stress improved in unfractioned RBCs(p<0.001).Nitrite decreased in total(p=0.001),young(p<0.001),main(p<0.001),and old(p=0.020)aged RBCs and in plasma(p=0.002),but not in very old RBCs.Conclusion:These results indicate that non-endurance-trained healthy participants benefit from a regular moderate running training program because performance-related parameters improve and a younger RBC population with improved RBC properties is induced,which might support oxygen supply in the microcirculation.展开更多
The scientific interest of exercise medicine for the treatment of cancer is ever expanding.Recently published and updated guidelines for exercise training in cancer patients by the American College of Sports Medicine(...The scientific interest of exercise medicine for the treatment of cancer is ever expanding.Recently published and updated guidelines for exercise training in cancer patients by the American College of Sports Medicine(ACSM),the Clinical Oncol-ogy Society of Australia(COSA)or the Exercise and Sports Science Australia(ESSA)are leading the way towards an indi-vidualized approach for exercise prescription.These guidelines provide physicians and therapists with a comprehensive and detailed overview about the beneficial effects of exercise training and,more so,summarize the evidence on potential dose-response mechanisms,including pathways of exercise-induced stimuli to counteract tumour microenvironmental pathologies.However,the most optimal types and doses of exercise training across the cancer disease and treatment continuum are yet to be determined.Therefore,the purpose of this narrative review was to illustrate the current implications but also limitations of exercise training during the different stages of cancer therapy,as well as to discuss necessary future directions.As a second purpose,special attention will be given to the current role of exercise in the treatment of cancer in Germany.展开更多
文摘The Merkel cell-neurite complex initiates the perception of touch and mediates Ap slowly adapting type I responses. Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with T-cell-mediated inflammation, whereas hyperkeratosis is characterized with or without epithelial dysplasia in the oral mucosa. To determine the effects of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis on the Merkel cell-neurite complex, healthy oral mucosal epithelium and lesional oral mucosal epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients were stained by immunohistochemistry （the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and double immunofluorescence methods）using pan cytokeratin, cytokeratin 20 （K20, a Merkel cell marker）, and neurofilament 200 （NF200, a myelinated Aβ- and Aδ-nerve fibre marker） antibodies. N F200-immunoreactive （ir） nerve fibres in healthy tissues and in the lesional oral mucosa epithelium of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were counted and statistically analysed. In the healthy oral mucosa, K20-positive Merkel cells with and without close association to the intraepithelial NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected. In the lesional oral mucosa of lichen planus and hyperkeratosis patients, extremely rare NF200-ir nerve fibres were detected only in the lamina propria. Compared with healthy tissues, lichen planus and hyperkeratosis tissues had significantly decreased numbers of NF200-ir nerve fibres in the oral mucosal epithelium. Lichen planus and hyperkeratosis were associated with the absence of Aβ-nerve endings in the oral mucosal epithelium. Thus, we conclude that mechanosensation mediated by the Merkel cell-neurite complex in the oral mucosal epithelium is impaired in lichen planus and hvperkeratosis.
基金supported by the Hochschulinterne Forschungsforderung(HIF)of the German Sport University Cologne.
文摘Objective:To examine the impact of a 6-week endurance training on red blood cell(RBC)aging and deformability of healthy participants to detect possible improved hemorheological and performance-related adaptations.Methods:A total of 31 participants(17 females and 14 males)performed a 6-week moderate training protocol(three 1-h running sessions per week at 70%of maximal heart rate).Blood was sampled before and after the training.RBCs from each participant were fractioned according to density and age into 4 RBC subfractions.Subfractions were examined for changes of RBC properties,including aging distribution,RBC deformability,RBC microparticles,and phosphatidylserine concentrations.RBC and plasma nitrite levels were measured as indicators of nitric oxide metabolism.Results:Aerobic performance,peak oxygen consumption,ventilatory thresholds,velocity at the aerobic-anaerobic threshold,and lactate at exhaustion improved after training.The relative amount of both young RBCs and old RBCs increased,and the amount of the main RBC fraction decreased.Phosphatidylserine externalization and RBC-derived microparticles decreased.Overall deformability expressed as shear stress required to achieve half-maximum deformation to theoretical maximal elongation index at infinite shear stress improved in unfractioned RBCs(p<0.001).Nitrite decreased in total(p=0.001),young(p<0.001),main(p<0.001),and old(p=0.020)aged RBCs and in plasma(p=0.002),but not in very old RBCs.Conclusion:These results indicate that non-endurance-trained healthy participants benefit from a regular moderate running training program because performance-related parameters improve and a younger RBC population with improved RBC properties is induced,which might support oxygen supply in the microcirculation.
文摘The scientific interest of exercise medicine for the treatment of cancer is ever expanding.Recently published and updated guidelines for exercise training in cancer patients by the American College of Sports Medicine(ACSM),the Clinical Oncol-ogy Society of Australia(COSA)or the Exercise and Sports Science Australia(ESSA)are leading the way towards an indi-vidualized approach for exercise prescription.These guidelines provide physicians and therapists with a comprehensive and detailed overview about the beneficial effects of exercise training and,more so,summarize the evidence on potential dose-response mechanisms,including pathways of exercise-induced stimuli to counteract tumour microenvironmental pathologies.However,the most optimal types and doses of exercise training across the cancer disease and treatment continuum are yet to be determined.Therefore,the purpose of this narrative review was to illustrate the current implications but also limitations of exercise training during the different stages of cancer therapy,as well as to discuss necessary future directions.As a second purpose,special attention will be given to the current role of exercise in the treatment of cancer in Germany.
