In recent decades,emerging and re-emerging human-infecting pathogens have been represented as huge threats to public health and have become a global concern(1).After outbreaks of two coronaviruses(CoVs),severe acute r...In recent decades,emerging and re-emerging human-infecting pathogens have been represented as huge threats to public health and have become a global concern(1).After outbreaks of two coronaviruses(CoVs),severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV),severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)became the first-known pandemic hastening CoV with tremendous wrecking to the world(2).The origin tracing of these emerging pathogens is of great significance in infectious disease prevention and control(3–4).The origin of SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive after the more than 3-year pandemic,though scientists around the world are making great efforts.From the experience of studying many other infectious pathogens,origin tracing is systematic and time-consuming work.The supposed origins of many infectious pathogens are still in debate,including SARS-CoV and human immunodeficiency virus,etc(5).展开更多
Dear Editor,Swine major histocompatibility complex(MHC)is a highly polymorphic gene in pigs and is also called swine leukocyte antigen(SLA)(Fan et al.,2018).SLA is divided into three major categories,SLA I(SLA-1,-2,-3...Dear Editor,Swine major histocompatibility complex(MHC)is a highly polymorphic gene in pigs and is also called swine leukocyte antigen(SLA)(Fan et al.,2018).SLA is divided into three major categories,SLA I(SLA-1,-2,-3),SLA II,and SLA III(Smith et al.,2005).SLA I plays an important role in cellular immunity which can eliminate viruses and other foreign antigens in pigs(Macdonald et al.,2010).SLA-1,SLA-2 and SLA-3 are important SLA I alleles and are highly polymorphic.Polymorphism causes extreme difficulties in screening broadly protective cytotoxic lymphocyte(CTL)epitope antigens.The supertype which is built based on peptide-binding specificity of each SLA I can overcome this difficulty to some extent(Thomsen et al.,2013).展开更多
Tales of tracing the origins of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),human coronavirus HKU1(HCoV-HKU1),severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)ca...Tales of tracing the origins of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),human coronavirus HKU1(HCoV-HKU1),severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)can enlighten the scientific search for the origins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Here,we detail key research studies on the origins of these four viruses.展开更多
文摘In recent decades,emerging and re-emerging human-infecting pathogens have been represented as huge threats to public health and have become a global concern(1).After outbreaks of two coronaviruses(CoVs),severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV)and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV),severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)became the first-known pandemic hastening CoV with tremendous wrecking to the world(2).The origin tracing of these emerging pathogens is of great significance in infectious disease prevention and control(3–4).The origin of SARS-CoV-2 remains elusive after the more than 3-year pandemic,though scientists around the world are making great efforts.From the experience of studying many other infectious pathogens,origin tracing is systematic and time-consuming work.The supposed origins of many infectious pathogens are still in debate,including SARS-CoV and human immunodeficiency virus,etc(5).
基金Financed by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0502302)National 12th Five-Year Plan Science and Technology Support Project(2015BAD12B01-06).
文摘Dear Editor,Swine major histocompatibility complex(MHC)is a highly polymorphic gene in pigs and is also called swine leukocyte antigen(SLA)(Fan et al.,2018).SLA is divided into three major categories,SLA I(SLA-1,-2,-3),SLA II,and SLA III(Smith et al.,2005).SLA I plays an important role in cellular immunity which can eliminate viruses and other foreign antigens in pigs(Macdonald et al.,2010).SLA-1,SLA-2 and SLA-3 are important SLA I alleles and are highly polymorphic.Polymorphism causes extreme difficulties in screening broadly protective cytotoxic lymphocyte(CTL)epitope antigens.The supertype which is built based on peptide-binding specificity of each SLA I can overcome this difficulty to some extent(Thomsen et al.,2013).
文摘Tales of tracing the origins of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),human coronavirus HKU1(HCoV-HKU1),severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV),and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)can enlighten the scientific search for the origins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Here,we detail key research studies on the origins of these four viruses.
