In-Home Drug Storage by Older Adults

Globally,in-home drug-storage compliance is often unsatisfactory,especially among older adults,and can lead to negative health outcomes.This study used a cross-sectional and descriptive design to examine inhome drug-storage compliance among older adults.Convenience sampling was used to recruit 117 older adults in Hong Kong.An in-home drugstorage checklist was used to assess the in-home drug-storage environments(light,temperature,and humidity)and drug-storage methods(drug safety,packaging,information,and expiration)of each older adult.The findings showed that Hong Kong older adults’overall compliance rate in drug storage was 87.25%,and their compliance rate for drug-storage methods(84.59%)was lower than that for drug-storage environments(97.02%).Older adults who were of advanced age,who were less educated or who lived alone demonstrated lower in-home drug-storage compliance.This indicates the need to revise existing health-education strategies to encourage in-home drug-storage compliance.Healthcare professionals should assess older adults’drug-storage compliance to identify less compliant subgroups and deliver specific drug-storage support as required.Family members should also be involved in this process.

胃癌及其淋巴结转移的诊断学分子标志物的鉴定

背景与目的:分子标志物是肿瘤快速诊断的重要工具。本研究旨在鉴定可用于临床诊断胃癌及其淋巴结转移的分子标记物。方法:前瞻性收集2014年12月1日至2015年12月31日期间的胃癌手术标本和相应的癌旁正常胃黏膜,以及胃周转移性和非转移性淋巴结标本,采用实时定量PCR方法对9个目标基因进行定量检测。采用相对表达量来计算目标基因的mRNA表达水平。采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)和Tukey多重比较检验来进行统计学比较,采用GraphPad Prism软件绘制统计分析图。结果:在9个受检基因中,INHBA和SPP1在胃癌组织中稳定高表达,其mRNA表达水平分别是相应癌旁胃黏膜的15.4和15.6倍(P<0.001);前者诊断胃癌的敏感性和特异性分别为91.3%和95.7%(ROC曲线下面积0.974),后者的敏感性和特异性分别为82.6%和87.0%(ROC曲线下面积0.924)。进一步分析转移性与非转移性淋巴结组织中上述两个基因的表达差异,结果显示,SPP1 mRNA表达水平两者差异无统计学意义(P=0.470),而转移性淋巴结中INHBA mRNA表达水平上调了4.1倍(P<0.001),其诊断淋巴结转移的敏感性和特异性分别为80.0%和81.5%(ROC曲线下面积0.857),而且能有效区别更严重的肿瘤进展,如T3与T4(P=0.003)、M0与M1(P=0.043),以及不同的组织学类型,如肠型与弥漫型(P=0.019)。结论:INHBA是用于诊断胃癌及其淋巴结转移的一种理想的分子标志物。