新文科背景下法学虚拟实验教学平台的设计与实现

新文科注重对社会科学专业人才实践能力、创新能力和综合能力等的培养,而社会科学创新人才的培养对实验教学提出了新的要求。随着人工智能,“互联网+”等技术发展,法学教育在实验教学上面临着显著的挑战和机遇,传统的教学模式无法满足其需求,使用“互联网+”、人工智能等技术设计和实现法学虚拟实验教学平台,能直击法律文书、案例研讨、模拟法庭与法律诊所等高校法学实践课程的痛点,使信息技术驱动下的实验平台与传统法学实验课程互相辅助。实践表明能够弥补传统法学实验教学模式的不足,实验平台的体系完整性、功能自动化、师生交互性、使用便捷性,能够极大促进法学实验教学的教学效果。

益气活血方对心肌梗死大鼠梗死边缘区心肌细胞舒缩功能和Ca^(2+)调节相关蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨益气活血方对心梗大鼠梗死边缘区心肌细胞舒缩功能和Ca^(2+)调节相关蛋白表达的影响。方法:雄性SD大鼠随机分组,制备心肌梗死动物模型,分为模型组、益气活血方组、美托洛尔组、假手术组,4周后取材及行急性心肌细胞分离实验,进行单细胞收缩与钙瞬变同步测量、检测肌浆网钙泄漏、测定大鼠心肌RYR2,SERCA2α蛋白表达情况。结果:与模型组比较,益气活血方能够显著提高心肌梗死边缘区心肌细胞最大收缩速率、最大舒张速率、50%收缩时间、50%舒张时间(P<0.01);增加心肌细胞收缩幅度(P<0.01);减少心肌细胞收缩达峰时间(P<0.01)。益气活血方组钙离子消除时间常数显著下降(P<0.01);心肌细胞钙泄漏显著下降(P<0.05);RYR2的表达显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:益气活血方对心肌梗死边缘区心肌细胞的舒缩能力有显著的改善作用,这种作用通过影响心肌细胞钙瞬变产生,益气活血方对心肌梗死后肌浆网和线粒体重要的Ca^(2+)调节蛋白有调节作用,这种调节作用与心律失常的易感性和心功能改善表现相一致。

Effect of Yiqihuoxue prescription on myocardial energy metabolism after myocardial infarction via cross talk of liver kinase B1-depen-dent Notch1 and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Yiqihuoxue prescription(YQHX) from Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) on myocardial glucose and lipid metabolism after myocardial infarction via the cross talk between the liver kinase B1(LKB1)-dependent Notch1 and adenosine 5'-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK). YQHX was prepared with substances with properties that benefit, to activate blood circulation based on the TCM theory.METHODS: Animal models of myocardial infarction were established by ligating Sprague Dawley rats' left anterior descending coronary arteries. The animals were randomly divided into a myocardial infarction(MI) group, a YQHX group, a perindopril group, a γ-secretase inhibitor, Notch signal inhibitor(DAPT) group, a DAPT+YQHX group and a sham group. The related drugs were administered on the second day after operation, and changes in the relevant indexes were examined on weeks 1 and 4.Changes in cardiac structure and function were examined by echocardiography. The glucose and free fatty acids(FFA) were examined by ELISA. The expression of Notch, LKB1 and AMPK m RNA was examined by a real-time fluorescence quantitative method. The expression of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4), and the expression of total acetyl-Co A carboxylase(ACC) and its phosphorylation were examined by western blotting.RESULTS: Compared with the sham group, the expression of Notch, LKB1 and AMPK m RNA in the MI group was lower. Compared with the MI group, the expression of these m RNAs in the YQHX and perindopril groups was higher, and their expression in the DAPT group was lower. At all time points, the protein expression of GLUT4 and p ACC decreased in the MI group. On week 1, the expression of p ACC protein was higher. In the DAPT group, the expression of p ACC protein decreased. Compared with the YQHX group, the expression of p ACC protein in the DAPT + YQHX group was lower. On week 4,compared with the MI group, the expression of GLUT4 protein in the YQHX group and the perindo-pril group was higher. The expression of GLUT4 protein in the DAPT group decreased. Compared with the YQHX group, the expression of GLUT4 protein in the DAPT+YQHX group was lower. There was no significant difference in the expression of ACC protein between the groups.CONCLUSION: YQHX promoted cross talk between the LKB1-dependent Notch1 and AMPK in myocardial tissue after myocardial infarction. Furthermore,it regulated the glucose and lipid metabolism of cardiomyocytes at different time points, thereby ameliorating the cardiac energy metabolism via different mechanisms and protecting the heart.