Effect of rolling ratios on the microstructural evolution and corrosion performance of an as-rolled Mg-8wt.%Li alloy

In this work,the influence of rolling ratios on microstructural changes and corrosion behavior of an as-rolled Mg-8 wt.%Li alloy in0.1 mol/L Na Cl solution has been investigated.It revealed that with the rolling ratio being increased from 3 to 10,theα-Mg phases were elongated and fragmented,whilst the area fraction of exposedβ-Li phases increased.Meanwhile,the corrosion performance of the alloy decreased with the increased rolling ratios.For all the samples,their corrosion processes were quite similar and can have two stages.At the initial stage with the samples being immersed for less than 6 h,the corrosion mainly occurred inβ-Li phases.When the samples were immersed for longer than 6 h,the corrosion attack transferred toα-Mg phases and the hydrogen evolution rate was accelerated.

Amplitude analysis of the decays D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)

Using e^(+)e^(−)annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb^(−1)taken at the center-of-mass energy√s=3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector,a joint amplitude analysis is performed on the decays D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η).The fit fractions of individual components are obtained,and large interferences among the dominant components of the decays D^(0)→a_(1)(1260)π,D^(0)→π(1300)π,D^(0)→ρ(770)ρ(770),and D^(0)→2(ππ)_(S)are observed in both channels.With the obtained amplitude model,the CP-even fractions of D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η)are determined to be(75.2±1.1_(stat).±1.5_(syst.))%and(68.9±1.5_(stat).±2.4_(syst.))%,respectively.The branching fractions of D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(+)π^(−)and D^(0)→π^(+)π^(−)π^(0)π^(0)(non-η)are measured to be(0.688±0.010_(stat.)±0.010_(syst.))%and(0.951±0.025_(stat.)±0.021_(syst.))%,respectively.The amplitude analysis provides an important model for the binning strategy in measuring the strong phase parameters of D^(0)→4πwhen used to determine the CKM angleγ(ϕ_(3))via the B^(−)→DK^(−)decay.

Determination of the number ofψ(3686)events taken at BESⅢ

The number ofψ(3686)events collected by the BESⅢdetector during the 2021 run period is determined to be(2259.3±11.1)×10~6 by counting inclusiveψ(3686)hadronic events.The uncertainty is systematic and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.Meanwhile,the numbers ofψ(3686)events collected during the 2009 and 2012run periods are updated to be(107.7±0.6)×10~6 and(345.4±2.6)×10~6,respectively.Both numbers are consistent with the previous measurements within one standard deviation.The total number ofψ(3686)events in the three data samples is(2712.4±14.3)×10~6.

Observation of e^(+)e^(-)→pppñπ-+c.c.

Using data taken at 29 center-of-mass energies between 4.16 and 4.70 GeV with the BESⅢdetector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of approximately 18.8 fb^(-1),the process e^(+)e^(-)→pppñπ+c.c.is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of 11.5σ.The average Born cross sections in the energy ranges of(4.160,4.380)GeV,(4.400,4.600)GeV and(4.610,4.700)GeV are measured to be(21.5±5.7±1.2)fb,(46.3±10.6±2.5)fb and(59.0±9.4±3.2)fb,respectively,where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.The line shapes of the pñ and ppπ^(-)invariant mass spectra are consistent with phase space distributions,indicating that no hexaquark or di-baryon state is observed.

Search for hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness in e^(+)e^(−)→K^(+)D_(s)^(∗−) D^(∗0 )+ c.c.

We report a search for a heavier partner of the recently observed Z_(cs)(3985)^(-) state,denoted as Z_(cs)^('-),in the process e^(+)e^(−)→K^(+)D_(s)^(∗−) D^(∗0 )+ c.c.,based on e^(*)e^(-)collision data collected at the center-of-mass energies of √s=4.661,4.682 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector.The Z_(cs)^('-) is of interest as it is expected to be a candidate for a hidden-charm and open-strange tetraquark.A partial-reconstruction technique is used to isolate K^(+)recoil-mass spectra,which are probed for a potential contribution from Z_(cs)^('-)→D_(s)^(∗−) D^(∗0 )+ c.c.We find an excess of Z_(cs)^('-)→D_(s)^(*-)-D^(*0)(c.c.)candidates with a significance of 2.1o,after considering systematic uncertainties,at a mass of(4123.5±0.7_(sat)±4.7_(syst.))MeV/c^(2).As the data set is limited in size,the upper limits are evaluated at the 90%confidence level on the product of the Born cross sections(σ^(Borm))and the branching fraction(B)of Z_(cs)^('-)→D_(s)^(*-)-D^(*0),under different assumptions of the Z_(cs)^('-) mass from 4.120 to 4.140 MeV and of the width from 10 to 50 MeV at the three center-of-mass energies.The upper limits of σ^(Born).B are found to be at the level of O(1)pb at each energy.Larger data samples are needed to confirm the Z_(cs)^('-) state and clarify its nature in the coming years.

Search for the weak decayψ(3686)→■+c.c.

Using(448.1±2.9)×10^(6)ψ(3686)for the weak baryonic decayψ(3686)→Λc+∑-+c.c..The analysis procedure is optimized using a blinded method.No significant signal is observed,and the upper limit on the branching fraction(B)ofψ(3686)→Λc+∑-+c.c.is set as 1.4×10^(-5)at the 90%confidence level.

Observations of the Cabibbo-Suppressed decays Λ_(c)^(+)→nπ+π^(0),nπ^(+)π^(-)π^(+) and the Cabibbo-Favored decay Λ_(c)^(+)→nK^(-)π^(+)π^(+)

Using electron-positron annihilation data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.5 fb-1,collected by the BESⅢdetector in the energy region between 4599.53 MeV and 4698.82 MeV,we report the first observations of the Cabibbo-suppressed decaysΛ_(c)^(+)→nπ^(+)π^(0),Λ_(c)^(+)→nπ^(+)π^(-)π^(+),and the Cabibbo-favored decayΛ_(c)^(+)→nK^(-)π^(+)π^(+)with statistical significances of 7.9σ,7.8σ,and>10σ,respectively.The branching fractions of these decays are measured to be B(Λ_(c)^(+)→nπ^(+)π^(0))=(0.64±0.09±0.02)%,B(Λ_(c)^(+)→nπ^(+)π^(-)π^(+))=(0.45±0.07±0.03)%,and B(Λ_(c)^(+)→nK^(-)π^(+)π^(+))=(1.90±0.08±0.09)%,where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.We find that the branching fraction of the decayΛ_(c)^(+)→nπ^(+)π^(0)is about one order of magnitude higher than that ofΛ_(c)^(+)→nπ^(+).

Measurements of the center-of-mass energies of e^(+)e^(-)collisions at BESIII

During the 2016-17 and 2018-19 running periods,the BESIII experiment collected 7.5 fb of e^(+)e^(-)collision data at center-of-mass energies ranging from 4.13 to 4.44 GeV.These data samples are primarily used for the study of excited charmonium and charmoniumlike states.By analyzing the di-muon process e^(+)e^(-)→(γISR=FSR)μ^(+)μ^(-),we measure the center-of-mass energies of the data samples with a precision of 0.6 MeV.Through a run-by-run study,we find that the center-of-mass energies were stable throughout most of the data-collection period.

Future Physics Programme of BESⅢ

There has recently been a dramatic renewal of interest in hadron spectroscopy and charm physics. This renaissance has been driven in part by the discovery of a plethora of charmonium-like XYZ states at BESⅢ and B factories, and the observation of an intriguing proton-antiproton threshold enhancement and the possibly related X(1835) meson state at BESⅢ, as well as the threshold measurements of charm mesons and charm baryons. We present a detailed survey of the important topics in tau-charm physics and hadron physics that can be further explored at BESⅢ during the remaining operation period of BEPCⅡ. This survey will help in the optimization of the data-taking plan over the coming years, and provides physics motivation for the possible upgrade of BEPCⅡ to higher luminosity.

Study of BESIII trigger efficiencies with the 2018 J/ψ data

Using a dedicated data sample taken in 2018 on the J/ψpeak,we perform a detailed study of the trigger efficiencies of the BESIII detector.The efficiencies are determined from three representative physics processes,namely Bhabha scattering,dimuon production and generic hadronic events with charged particles.The combined efficiency of all active triggers approaches 100%in most cases,with uncertainties small enough not to affect most physics analyses.

Opinion Dynamics of Sznajd Model on Small-World Network

The society structure plays an important role in shaping the attitudes,beliefs and public opinion.For studying the role of the society structure in opinion dynamics,we analyze the Sznajd model on small-world network formed by adding shortcuts in a lattice consisting of N nodes arranged in a ring and on two-dimensional(2-D)regular lattice.Through computer simulation,we find that there exists a pseudo-phase transition from the coexistence state forφ<φ_(c) to the consensus state forφ>φ_(c),whereφ_(c) is some threshold for the shortcut densityφ,which is dependent of the complex network topology and the dimensionality of complex networks.Our observations indicate the dependence of the opinion dynamics on the complex system topology.

Observation of e^+e^-→D_s^+■^((*)0)K^- and study of the P-wave D_s mesons

Studies of e^+e~→D_s^+■^((*)0)K^-and the P-wave charmed-strange mesons are performed based on an e^+e^-collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 567 pb^(-1) collected with the BESIII detector at s^(1/2)=4.600 GeV. The processes of e^+e^-→D_s^+■^(*0)K^- and D_s^+■~0K^- are observed for the first time and are found to be dominated by the modes D_s^+D_(s1)(2536)^-and D_s^+D_(s2)~*(2573)^-, respectively. The Born cross sections are measured to be σ~B(e^+e^-→D_s^+■^(*0)K^-) =(10.1±2.3±0.8) pb and σ~B(e^+e^-→D_s^+■~0K^-) =(19.4±2.3± 1.6) pb, and the products of Born cross section and the decay branching fraction are measured to be σ~B(e^+e^-→D_s^+D_(s1)(2536)^-+c.c.)·B(D_(s1)(2536)^-→■^(*0)K^-)=(7.5±1.8±0.7) pb and σ~B(e^+e^-→D_s^+D_(s2)~*(2573)^-+ c.c.)·B(D_(s2)~*(2573)^-→■~0 K^-)=(19.7 ± 2.9 ±2.0) pb. For the D_(s1)(2536)^-and D_(s2)~*(2573)^-mesons, the masses and widths are measured to be M(D_(s1)(2536)^-)=(2537.7±0.5 ±3.1) MeV/c2, Γ(D_(s1)(2536)^-) =(1.7 ±1.2 ±0.6)MeV, and M(D_(s2)~*(2573)^-)=(2570.7±2.0 ±1.7) MeV/c^2, Γ(D_(s2)~*(2573)^-)=(17.2 ±3.6 ±1.1) MeV. The spin-parity of the D_(s2)~*(2573)^-meson is determined to be J^p= 2^+. In addition, the processes e^+e^-→D_s^+■^((*)0)K^-are searched for using the data samples taken at four(two) center-of-mass energies between 4.416(4.527) and 4.575 GeV, and upper limits at the 90% confidence level on the cross sections are determined.

Evidence for the decays of ∧_c^+→∑^+η and ∑^+η’

We study the hadronic decays of ∧c+ to the final states ∑+η and ∑+η’,using an e+e-annihilation data sample of 567 pb-1 taken at a center-of-mass energy of 4.6 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCⅡ collider.We find evidence for the decays ∧c+→∑+η and ∑+η’ with statistical significance of 2.5σ and 3.2σ,respectively.Normalizing to the reference decays ∧c+→∑+π0 and ∑+ω,we obtain the ratios of the branching fractions■and ■to be 0.35±0.16±0.02 and 0.86±0.34±0.04,respectively.The upper limits at the 90% confidence level are set to be■and■.Using BESIII measurements of the branching fractions of the reference decays,we determine B（∧c+→∑+η）=（0.41±0.19±0.05）%（<0.68%）and B（∧c+→∑+η’）=（1.34±0.53 ±0.19）%（<1.9%）.Here,the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.The obtained branching fraction of ∧c+→∑+η is consistent with the previous measurement,and the branching fraction of ∧c+→∑+η’ is measured for the first time.

Measurement of integrated luminosities at BESⅢ for data samples at center-of-mass energies between 4.0 and 4.6 GeV

The integrated luminosities of data samples collected in the BESⅢ experiment in 2016-2017 at centerof-mass energies between 4.19 and 4.28 GeV are measured with a precision better than 1% by analyzing large-angle Bhabha scattering events.The integrated luminosities of old datasets collected in 2010-2014 are updated by considering corrections related to detector performance,offsetting the effect of newly discovered readout errors in the electromagnetic calorimeter,which can haphazardly occur.

Number of J/ψ events at BESIII

Using inclusive decays of J/ψ aprecise determination of the number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector was performed.For the two data sets taken in 2009 and 2012,the numbers of J/ψ events were recalculated to be(224.0±1.3)×10^(6) and(1088.5±4.4)×10^(6),respectively;these numbers are in good agreement with the previous measurements. For the J/ψ sample taken in 2017-2019,the number of events was determined to be(8774.0±39.4)×10^(6).The total number of J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector was determined to be(10087±44)×10^(6),where the uncertainty is dominated by systematic effects,and the statistical uncertainty is negligible.

Luminosities and energies of e^(+)e^(−) collision data taken between √s=4.61 GeV and 4.95 GeV at BESⅢ

From December 2019 to June 2021,the BESⅢ experiment collected approximately 5.85 fb^(−1) of data at center-of-mass energies between 4.61 and 4.95 GeV.This is the highest collision energy BEPCⅡ has reached to date.The accumulated e^(+)e^(−) annihilation data samples are useful for studying charmonium(-like)states and charmed-hadron decays.By adopting a novel method of analyzing the production of A_(c)^(+)A_(c)^(-) pairs in e^(+)e^(−) annihilation,the center-of-mass energies are measured with a precision of 0.6 MeV.Integrated luminosities are measured with a precision of better than 1% by analyzing the events of large-angle Bhabha scattering.These measurements provide important inputs to analyses based on these data samples.

Observation of the Y(4230)and a new structure in e^(+)e^(-)→K^(+)K^(-)J/Ψ

The cross sections of e^(+)e^(-)→K^(+)K^(-)J/Ψat center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600 GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb-1data collected with the BESⅢ detector operating at the BEPCⅡ storage ring.Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections.The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be(4225.3±2.3±21.5)MeV and(72.9±6.1±30.8)MeV,respectively.They are consistent with those of the established Y(4230).The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ,denoted as Y(4500).Its mass and width are determined to be(4484.7±13.3±24.1)MeV and(111.1±30.1±15.2)MeV,respectively.The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic.The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fractionΓ(Y(4230)→e^(+)e^(−))B(Y(4230)→K^(+)K^(−)J/Ψ)is reported.

Effects of Complex System Topology on the Bak-Sneppen Evolution Model

In this paper, we investigate by numerical simulations the Bak-Sneppenmodel (BSM) for biological evolution on scale-free networks (SFNs) with various degree exponents γ. We find that the punctuated equilibrium is rather robust with respect to the network topology. Furthermore, we analyze the evolution of the criticalaverage fitness h fi ∗ and the exponent τ of h fi 0 avalanche as a function of α (i.e., the degree exponent γ). Our observations indicate the dependence of evolutionary dynamicsof BSM on the complex biosystem topology.

Continuous Opinion Dynamics in Complex Networks

Many realistic social networks share some universal characteristic properties,such as the small-world effects and the heterogeneous distribution of connectivity degree,which affect the dynamics in society system,especially the opinion dynamics in society.To see this,we study the opinion dynamics of the Improved Deffuant Model(IDM)in complex networks.When the two opinions differ by less than the confidence parameterǫ(0<ǫ<1),each opinion moves partly in the direction of the other with the convergence parameterµ,which is a function of the opposite’s degree k;otherwise,the two refuse to discuss and no opinion is changed.We analyze the evolution of the steady opinion s∗as a function of the confidence parameterǫ,the relation between the minority steady opinion smin∗and the individual connectivity k,and find some interesting results that show the dependence of the opinion dynamics on the confidence parameter and on the system topology.This study provides a new perspective and tools to understand the effects of complex system topology on opinion dynamics.