Variations in host traits that influence their exposure and susceptibility may impact probability of vector-transmitted diseases.Therefore,identifying the predictors of infection probability is necessary to understand...Variations in host traits that influence their exposure and susceptibility may impact probability of vector-transmitted diseases.Therefore,identifying the predictors of infection probability is necessary to understand the risk of disease outbreaks during expanding environmental perturbation.Here,we conducted a large survey based on microscopic examination and molecular analysis of haemosporidian parasite infection in raptors rescued at the Beijing Raptor Rescue Centre.Combining these data with biological and ecological variables of the raptors,we determined predictors that affect the probability of haemosporidian infection using generalized linear mixed models and multimodel inference.Our results showed that infection probability exhibited considerable variation across host species in raptors,and body mass,sex,and evolutionary history played relatively weaker roles in driving infection probability.Instead,activity pattern,age,geographic range size,migration distance,and nest type were important predictors of the probability of haemosporidian infection,and the role of each predictor differed in the three main haemosporidian genera(Plasmodium,Haemoproteus,and Leucocytozoon).This macro-ecological analysis will add to our understanding of host traits that influence the probability of avian haemosporidian infection and will help inform risk of emerging diseases.展开更多
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a rapidly progressing hematopoietic malignancy, can only be cured hopefully by hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). Before HSCT, we usually exert effects by attempting certain...Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a rapidly progressing hematopoietic malignancy, can only be cured hopefully by hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). Before HSCT, we usually exert effects by attempting certain regimens to induce these tumor cells to death. Administered in AML patients, the classic “3 + 7” intensive induction regimen including anthracyclines and cytarabine is recommended by guidelines worldwide. However, conventional regimens consist of anthracyclines, a category of drug limited by cumulative, dose-related, progressive myocardial damage and congestive heart failure occurs when its total doses break through the cut-off. Based on this background, mitoxantrone (MIT), an anthraquinone, was developed to a new form to reduce cardiotoxicity. Meanwhile, the nanomedicine, mitoxantrone liposome (Lipo-MIT), was characterized by improved bioavailability and limited toxicity. This drug has great therapeutic potential, but different side effects. We conclude the overall history and development of MIT and Lipo-MIT, which show controversial efficacy of MIT compared to doxorubicin and therapeutic potential of Lipo-MIT. This article reviewed the application of MIT and liposome forms in adult AML patients. .展开更多
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)is a rapid and effective approach toward detecting the expression patterns of target genes.The selection of a stable reference gene under specific test conditio...Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)is a rapid and effective approach toward detecting the expression patterns of target genes.The selection of a stable reference gene under specific test condition is essential for expressing levels of target genes accurately.Tilia miqueliana,considered endangered,is a prominent native ornamental and honey tree in East China.No study has evaluated the optimal endogenous reference gene for qRT-PCR analysis in T.miqueliana systematically.In this study,fifteen commonly used reference genes were selected as candidate genes,and the stabilities of their expressions were assessed using four algorithms(GeNorm,NormFiner,BestKeeper,and DeltaCt)in nine experimental datasets.The final integrated evaluation was performed using a comprehensive analysis algorithm(RefFinder).Finally,a target MYB transcription factor gene(TmMYB)was used to verify the accuracy of the candidate reference genes.The results showed that PP2αwas the most stable in tissue set,while RPS13 and SAMCD were optimal for heat and cold stress,respectively.Under waterlogging stress,PP2αand TUB were the most stable genes in the leaves and roots,respectively.EF1αand PP2αwere optimal for drying stress in leaf and root tissues.TUB and ACT7 were the most stable genes in the leaf and root tissues under salt stress.This is the first systematic evaluation of candidate reference genes in T.miqueliana,and it will benefit future studies on expression and functional analysis of target genes in T.miqueliana.展开更多
The observed electromagnetic radiation from some long and short gamma-ray bursts,and neutron stars(NSs),and the theoretical models proposed to interpret these observations together point to a very interesting but conf...The observed electromagnetic radiation from some long and short gamma-ray bursts,and neutron stars(NSs),and the theoretical models proposed to interpret these observations together point to a very interesting but confusing problem,namely,whether fall-back accretion could lead to dipole field decay of newborn NSs.In this paper,we investigate the gravitational wave(GW) radiation of newborn magnetars with a fall-back disk formed in both the core-collapse of massive stars and the merger of binary NSs.We make a comparison of the results obtained with and without fall-back accretion-induced dipole-field decay(FADD) involved.Depending on the fall-back parameters,initial parameters of newborn magnetars,and models used to describe FADD,FADD may indeed occur in newborn magnetars.Because of the low dipole fields caused by FADD,the newborn magnetars will be spun up to higher frequencies and have larger masses in comparison with the non-decay cases.Thus the GW radiation of newborn accreting magnetars would be remarkably enhanced.We propose that observation of GW signals from newborn magnetars using future GW detectors may help to reveal whether FADD could occur in newborn accreting magnetars.Our model is also applied to the discussion of the remnant of GW170817.From the post-merger GW searching results of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo we cannot confirm the remnant is a low-dipole-field long-lived NS.Future detection of GWs from GW170817-like events using more sensitive detectors may help to clarify the FADD puzzle.展开更多
Among the different bioprinting techniques,the drop-on-demand(DOD)jetting-based bioprinting approach facilitates contactless deposition of pico/nanoliter droplets ofmaterials and cells for optimal cell–matrix and cel...Among the different bioprinting techniques,the drop-on-demand(DOD)jetting-based bioprinting approach facilitates contactless deposition of pico/nanoliter droplets ofmaterials and cells for optimal cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions.Although bioinks play a critical role in the bioprinting process,there is a poor understanding of the influence of bioink properties on printing performance(such as filament elongation,formation of satellite droplets,and droplet splashing)and cell health(cell viability and proliferation)during the DOD jetting-based bioprinting process.An inert polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP360,molecular weight=360 kDa)polymerwas used in this study to manipulate the physical properties of the bioinks and investigate the influence of bioink properties on printing performance and cell health.Our experimental results showed that a higher bioink viscoelasticity helps to stabilize droplet filaments before rupturing from the nozzle orifice.The highly stretched droplet filament resulted in the formation of highly aligned“satellite droplets,”which minimized the displacement of the satellite droplets away from the predefined positions.Next,a significant increase in the bioink viscosity facilitated droplet deposition on the wetted substrate surface in the absence of splashing and significantly improved the accuracy of the deposited main droplet.Further analysis showed that cell-laden bioinks with higher viscosity exhibited higher measured average cell viability(%),as the presence of polymer within the printed droplets provides an additional cushioning effect(higher energy dissipation)for the encapsulated cells during droplet impact on the substrate surface,improves the measured average cell viability even at higher droplet impact velocity and retains the proliferation capability of the printed cells.Understanding the influence of bioink properties(e.g.,bioink viscoelasticity and viscosity)on printing performance and cell proliferation is important for the formulation of new bioinks,and we have demonstrated precise DOD deposition of living cells and fabrication of tunable cell spheroids(nL–μL range)using multiple types of cells in a facile manner.展开更多
Osteoporosis is prevalent in postmenopausal women.The underlying reason is mainly estrogen deficiency,but recent studies have indicated that osteoporosis is also associated with iron accumulation after menopause.It ha...Osteoporosis is prevalent in postmenopausal women.The underlying reason is mainly estrogen deficiency,but recent studies have indicated that osteoporosis is also associated with iron accumulation after menopause.It has been confirmed that some methods of decreasing iron accumulation can improve the abnormal bone metabolism associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis.However,the mechanism of iron accumulation-induced osteoporosis is still unclear.Iron accumulation may inhibit the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway via oxidative stress,leading to osteoporosis by decreasing bone formation and increasing bone resorption via the osteoprotegerin(OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand(RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B(RANK)system.In addition to oxidative stress,iron accumulation also has been reported to inhibit either osteoblastogenesis or osteoblastic function as well as to stimulate either osteoclastogenesis or osteoclastic function directly.Furthermore,serum ferritin has been widely used for the prediction of bone status,and nontraumatic measurement of iron content by magnetic resonance imaging may be a promising early indicator of postmenopausal osteoporosis.展开更多
Purpose:Iron metabolism maintains the balance between iron absorption and excretion.Abnormal iron metabolism can cause numerous diseases,including tumor.This study determined the iron metabolism-related genes(IMRGs)si...Purpose:Iron metabolism maintains the balance between iron absorption and excretion.Abnormal iron metabolism can cause numerous diseases,including tumor.This study determined the iron metabolism-related genes(IMRGs)signature that can predict the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia(AML).The roles of these genes in the immune microenvironment were also explored.Methods:A total of 514 IMRGs were downloaded from the Molecular Characteristics Database(MSigDB).IMRGs related to AML prognosis were identified using Cox regression and LASSO analyses and were used to construct the risk score model.AML patients were stratified into high-risk groups(cluster 1)and low-risk groups(cluster 2)based on the mean value of the risk score.The accuracy and prognosis prediction potential of the risk-score model was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristics analysis.The stromal score,immune scores,and immune cells infiltrated in AML samples were estimated using CIBERSORT,MCPcountre,and Xcell algorithms.The role of immune checkpoint genes in the AML microenvironment and the prognostic value of the IMRGs were also evaluated.Results:An AML prognosis prediction model was established based on the eight most critical IMRGs.Further analyses revealed that the model could accurately predict AML prognosis.The expression of IMRGs correlated with the infiltration of several immune cells and could influence response to certain chemotherapy drugs and immunotherapy.Conclusion:A model based on IMRGs can accurately predict the overall survival and disease-free survival of AML patients.展开更多
In the objective world,how to deal with the complexity and uncertainty of big data efficiently and accurately has become the premise and key to machine learning.Fuzzy support vector machine(FSVM)not only deals with th...In the objective world,how to deal with the complexity and uncertainty of big data efficiently and accurately has become the premise and key to machine learning.Fuzzy support vector machine(FSVM)not only deals with the classifi-cation problems for training samples with fuzzy information,but also assigns a fuzzy membership degree to each training sample,allowing different training samples to contribute differently in predicting an optimal hyperplane to separate two classes with maximum margin,reducing the effect of outliers and noise,Quantum computing has super parallel computing capabilities and holds the pro-mise of faster algorithmic processing of data.However,FSVM and quantum com-puting are incapable of dealing with the complexity and uncertainty of big data in an efficient and accurate manner.This paper research and propose an efficient and accurate quantum fuzzy support vector machine(QFSVM)algorithm based on the fact that quantum computing can efficiently process large amounts of data and FSVM is easy to deal with the complexity and uncertainty problems.The central idea of the proposed algorithm is to use the quantum algorithm for solving linear systems of equations(HHL algorithm)and the least-squares method to solve the quadratic programming problem in the FSVM.The proposed algorithm can deter-mine whether a sample belongs to the positive or negative class while also achiev-ing a good generalization performance.Furthermore,this paper applies QFSVM to handwritten character recognition and demonstrates that QFSVM can be run on quantum computers,and achieve accurate classification of handwritten characters.When compared to FSVM,QFSVM’s computational complexity decreases expo-nentially with the number of training samples.展开更多
Scrub typhus is a zoonotic disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi) in which humans are accidental hosts. Acute arrest of hemopoiesis (AAH) always manifests in pancytopenia and with supportive treat...Scrub typhus is a zoonotic disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi) in which humans are accidental hosts. Acute arrest of hemopoiesis (AAH) always manifests in pancytopenia and with supportive treatment or inducement removal, the AAH patients would show significant improvement in blood routine for about a week. As a rapidly progressive and potentially life-threatening organ function disorder syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is often induced by many factors including infection, illness and injury. We received a rare case of scrub typhus rapidly presenting with AAH and MODS 2 weeks ago. The clinical data of a 32-year-old female with O. tsutsugamushi-induced AAH and MODS was summarized retrospectively and analyzed with a literature review. In this case, we selected tigecycline and moxifloxacin as treatment regimens for scrub typhus. When the potential infection was controlled, her pancytopenia and hepatic function rapidly improved in a few days.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of severe acute pan- creatitis(SAP)on pharmacokinetics of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction(DCQD)components in rats. METHODS:Rats were divided into SAP group and sham-operation group as a control gro...AIM:To investigate the effect of severe acute pan- creatitis(SAP)on pharmacokinetics of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction(DCQD)components in rats. METHODS:Rats were divided into SAP group and sham-operation group as a control group(n=6). Rhein,chrysophanol,rheochrysidin,magnolol,hesperidin and naringin in DCQD were quantified in rat serum by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for studying their pharmacokinetics. RESULTS:Early absorption of each DCQD component was tended to degrade in SAP group after treatment with DCQD by gavage.The Cmax(chrysophanol,P= 0.0059;rheochrysidin,P=0.0288;magnolol,P= 0.0487;hesperidin,P=0.0277;naringin,P=0.0023) and AUC(rhein,P=0.0186;chrysophanol,P=0.0013; magnolol,P=0.001;hesperidin,P=0.0081;naringin, P=0.0272)of DCQD component were obviously lower in SAP group than in control group.The T1/2α of chrysophanol and rheochrysidin(P=0.0467 and 0.0005,respectively)and Tmax of chrysophanol and rheochrysidin(P=0.0101 and 0.0037,respectively) lasted longer in SAP group than in control group. CONCLUSION:SAP can significantly impact the ab-sorption of DCQD components in rats and their phar-macokinetic parameters.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential effect and mechanisms of protopanaxadiol deriva.tive 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-3-(3-dehydroxyl-20(s)-protopa-naxadiol-3 b-yl)-urea(DDPU) in the treatment of Alzheimer disease.METHOD...OBJECTIVE To explore the potential effect and mechanisms of protopanaxadiol deriva.tive 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-3-(3-dehydroxyl-20(s)-protopa-naxadiol-3 b-yl)-urea(DDPU) in the treatment of Alzheimer disease.METHODS ELISA assay was performed in both HEK293-APPswe and CHO-APP cells to demonstrate the efficacy of DDPU in reducing Ab level.SH-SY5 Y,primary neurons and astrocyte cellswereused to study the regulation of DDPU against the signaling pathways involved in Aβ/ER-stress pathology.APP/PS1 transgenic mice wereusedto study the regulation of DDPU against ADL and cognitive deficits.APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomly placed into three groups(n=10):The two 6-month transgenic groups were administrated with 30 mg·kg^(-1) DDPU or vehicle and the 6-month non-transgenic group was administrated with vehicle for 100 days by intraperitonealinjec.tion.After 100-day administration,nest construction assay and Morris water maze(MWM) assay were applied to evaluate the daily living activities and cognitive abilities of the mice with continuous DDPU treatment.Upon completion of behavior assays,mice were euthanized,and the brains were removed and bisected in mid-sagittal plane.The right hemispheres were frozen and stored at-80°C,and the left hemispheres were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde.RESULTS DDPU effectively improved learning and memory impairments in APP/PS1 transgenic mice,and the underlying mechanisms have been inten.sively investigated.DDPU reduced Ab production by inhibiting the PERK/eIF2 a signaling-mediated BACE1 translation,while promoted Ab clearance as a PI3K inhibitor thus negatively regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in promotion of autophagy.Moreover,DDPU also exhibited neuroprotective effect by attenuating ER stress.Therefore,all findings have clearly demonstrated the crosstalk between Ab and ER stress,and confirmed that targeting ER stress should be a potential target for innovative anti-AD drug development,while highlighted the potential of DDPU in the treatment of AD.展开更多
Phosvitin(PV)was treated with high-temperature,mild pressure(HTMP),and enzyme combination,and then phosvitin phosphopeptides-calcium(PPP-Ca)complexes were prepared.The low-calcium specific pathogen free-Kunming(SPF-KM...Phosvitin(PV)was treated with high-temperature,mild pressure(HTMP),and enzyme combination,and then phosvitin phosphopeptides-calcium(PPP-Ca)complexes were prepared.The low-calcium specific pathogen free-Kunming(SPF-KM)mice were used to determine the effect of PPP-Ca complexes on intestinal calcium absorption and their utilization for bone formation.The serum calcium content was the highest with the HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca treatment(2.19 mmol/L),and it significantly down-regulated the abnormal elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP)caused by calcium deficiency.The low-calcium control group had the lowest calcium deposited to the femur(80.41 mg/g)and the lowest femur bone mineral density(BMD)(0.17 g/cm^(3)),while HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca significantly improved bone calcium content(94.33 mg/g)and BMD(0.29 g/cm^(3)).The micro-computed tomography(MCT)images showed that the femur with the normal control,PV-Ca,and HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca treatments had a more compact,complete,and thicker trabecular network than the low-calcium and CaCl_(2)treatments.These results indicated that the organic calcium(HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca)promoted calcium absorption and bone deposition,and the effect of HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca was better than the inorganic CaCl_(2).展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)electrically conductive micro/nanostructures are now a key component in a broad range of research and industry fields.In this work,a novel method is developed to realize metallic 3D micro/nanostru...Three-dimensional(3D)electrically conductive micro/nanostructures are now a key component in a broad range of research and industry fields.In this work,a novel method is developed to realize metallic 3D micro/nanostructures with silver-thiol-acrylate composites via two-photon polymerization followed by femtosecond laser nanojoining.Complex 3D micro/nanoscale conductive structures have been successfully fabricated with∼200 nm resolution.The loading of silver nanowires(AgNWs)and joining of junctions successfully enhance the electrical conductivity of the composites from insulating to 92.9 Sm^−1 at room temperature.Moreover,for the first time,a reversible switching to a higher conductivity is observed,up to∼10^5Sm^−1 at 523 K.The temperature-dependent conductivity of the composite is analyzed following the variable range hopping and thermal activation models.The nanomaterial assembly and joining method demonstrated in this study pave a way towards a wide range of device applications,including 3D electronics,sensors,memristors,micro/nanoelectromechanical systems,and biomedical devices,etc.展开更多
BACKGROUND Reports on peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)placement in neonates with persistent left superior vena cava(PLSVC)are rare.The majority of PLSVC patients have no clinical symptoms or hemodynamic ch...BACKGROUND Reports on peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)placement in neonates with persistent left superior vena cava(PLSVC)are rare.The majority of PLSVC patients have no clinical symptoms or hemodynamic changes,which are usually detected during cardiac catheterization,cardiac pacemaker implantation,or PICC placement.However,in neonates with PLSVC,PICC placement can be challenging.Here,we report PICC placement in eight neonates with PLSVC.CASE SUMMARY This article introduces the concept of the“TIMB”bundle.After PICC implantation,we found PLSVC in all eight patients.The key points of care regarding PICC placement in neonates with PLSVC included“TIMB”,where“T”indicates a reasonable choice of the catheterization time,“I”refers to a retrospective analysis of imaging data before catheterization,“M”refers to correct measurement of the body surface length,and“B”indicates that the tip of the PICC is placed in the middle and lower 1/3 of the left superior vena cava under the guidance of B-ultrasound.CONCLUSION“TIMB”is a bundle for PICC placement in neonates,especially for those with PLSVC.Using this new approach can improve the first-attempt success rate of PICC placement,reveal cardiovascular abnormalities in advance,allow the selection of different measurement methods reasonably according to the puncture site,and finally,improve the accuracy of catheter positioning through the use of B-ultrasound guidance.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.210100191).
文摘Variations in host traits that influence their exposure and susceptibility may impact probability of vector-transmitted diseases.Therefore,identifying the predictors of infection probability is necessary to understand the risk of disease outbreaks during expanding environmental perturbation.Here,we conducted a large survey based on microscopic examination and molecular analysis of haemosporidian parasite infection in raptors rescued at the Beijing Raptor Rescue Centre.Combining these data with biological and ecological variables of the raptors,we determined predictors that affect the probability of haemosporidian infection using generalized linear mixed models and multimodel inference.Our results showed that infection probability exhibited considerable variation across host species in raptors,and body mass,sex,and evolutionary history played relatively weaker roles in driving infection probability.Instead,activity pattern,age,geographic range size,migration distance,and nest type were important predictors of the probability of haemosporidian infection,and the role of each predictor differed in the three main haemosporidian genera(Plasmodium,Haemoproteus,and Leucocytozoon).This macro-ecological analysis will add to our understanding of host traits that influence the probability of avian haemosporidian infection and will help inform risk of emerging diseases.
文摘Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a rapidly progressing hematopoietic malignancy, can only be cured hopefully by hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). Before HSCT, we usually exert effects by attempting certain regimens to induce these tumor cells to death. Administered in AML patients, the classic “3 + 7” intensive induction regimen including anthracyclines and cytarabine is recommended by guidelines worldwide. However, conventional regimens consist of anthracyclines, a category of drug limited by cumulative, dose-related, progressive myocardial damage and congestive heart failure occurs when its total doses break through the cut-off. Based on this background, mitoxantrone (MIT), an anthraquinone, was developed to a new form to reduce cardiotoxicity. Meanwhile, the nanomedicine, mitoxantrone liposome (Lipo-MIT), was characterized by improved bioavailability and limited toxicity. This drug has great therapeutic potential, but different side effects. We conclude the overall history and development of MIT and Lipo-MIT, which show controversial efficacy of MIT compared to doxorubicin and therapeutic potential of Lipo-MIT. This article reviewed the application of MIT and liposome forms in adult AML patients. .
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant No.BK20170619National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.31700477Innovation and Extension of Forestry Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province under Grant No.LYKJ[2019]06.
文摘Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)is a rapid and effective approach toward detecting the expression patterns of target genes.The selection of a stable reference gene under specific test condition is essential for expressing levels of target genes accurately.Tilia miqueliana,considered endangered,is a prominent native ornamental and honey tree in East China.No study has evaluated the optimal endogenous reference gene for qRT-PCR analysis in T.miqueliana systematically.In this study,fifteen commonly used reference genes were selected as candidate genes,and the stabilities of their expressions were assessed using four algorithms(GeNorm,NormFiner,BestKeeper,and DeltaCt)in nine experimental datasets.The final integrated evaluation was performed using a comprehensive analysis algorithm(RefFinder).Finally,a target MYB transcription factor gene(TmMYB)was used to verify the accuracy of the candidate reference genes.The results showed that PP2αwas the most stable in tissue set,while RPS13 and SAMCD were optimal for heat and cold stress,respectively.Under waterlogging stress,PP2αand TUB were the most stable genes in the leaves and roots,respectively.EF1αand PP2αwere optimal for drying stress in leaf and root tissues.TUB and ACT7 were the most stable genes in the leaf and root tissues under salt stress.This is the first systematic evaluation of candidate reference genes in T.miqueliana,and it will benefit future studies on expression and functional analysis of target genes in T.miqueliana.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12003009,12033001,and 11922303)CAS“Light of West China”Program(Grant No.2019-XBQNXZ-B-016)+1 种基金the National SKA program of China(Grant No.2020SKA0120300)Scientific Research Project Fund of Hubei Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.Q20161604)。
文摘The observed electromagnetic radiation from some long and short gamma-ray bursts,and neutron stars(NSs),and the theoretical models proposed to interpret these observations together point to a very interesting but confusing problem,namely,whether fall-back accretion could lead to dipole field decay of newborn NSs.In this paper,we investigate the gravitational wave(GW) radiation of newborn magnetars with a fall-back disk formed in both the core-collapse of massive stars and the merger of binary NSs.We make a comparison of the results obtained with and without fall-back accretion-induced dipole-field decay(FADD) involved.Depending on the fall-back parameters,initial parameters of newborn magnetars,and models used to describe FADD,FADD may indeed occur in newborn magnetars.Because of the low dipole fields caused by FADD,the newborn magnetars will be spun up to higher frequencies and have larger masses in comparison with the non-decay cases.Thus the GW radiation of newborn accreting magnetars would be remarkably enhanced.We propose that observation of GW signals from newborn magnetars using future GW detectors may help to reveal whether FADD could occur in newborn accreting magnetars.Our model is also applied to the discussion of the remnant of GW170817.From the post-merger GW searching results of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo we cannot confirm the remnant is a low-dipole-field long-lived NS.Future detection of GWs from GW170817-like events using more sensitive detectors may help to clarify the FADD puzzle.
文摘Among the different bioprinting techniques,the drop-on-demand(DOD)jetting-based bioprinting approach facilitates contactless deposition of pico/nanoliter droplets ofmaterials and cells for optimal cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions.Although bioinks play a critical role in the bioprinting process,there is a poor understanding of the influence of bioink properties on printing performance(such as filament elongation,formation of satellite droplets,and droplet splashing)and cell health(cell viability and proliferation)during the DOD jetting-based bioprinting process.An inert polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP360,molecular weight=360 kDa)polymerwas used in this study to manipulate the physical properties of the bioinks and investigate the influence of bioink properties on printing performance and cell health.Our experimental results showed that a higher bioink viscoelasticity helps to stabilize droplet filaments before rupturing from the nozzle orifice.The highly stretched droplet filament resulted in the formation of highly aligned“satellite droplets,”which minimized the displacement of the satellite droplets away from the predefined positions.Next,a significant increase in the bioink viscosity facilitated droplet deposition on the wetted substrate surface in the absence of splashing and significantly improved the accuracy of the deposited main droplet.Further analysis showed that cell-laden bioinks with higher viscosity exhibited higher measured average cell viability(%),as the presence of polymer within the printed droplets provides an additional cushioning effect(higher energy dissipation)for the encapsulated cells during droplet impact on the substrate surface,improves the measured average cell viability even at higher droplet impact velocity and retains the proliferation capability of the printed cells.Understanding the influence of bioink properties(e.g.,bioink viscoelasticity and viscosity)on printing performance and cell proliferation is important for the formulation of new bioinks,and we have demonstrated precise DOD deposition of living cells and fabrication of tunable cell spheroids(nL–μL range)using multiple types of cells in a facile manner.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81500680,No.81874018)the Youth Elite Program of Jiangsu Province(No.QNRC2016878).
文摘Osteoporosis is prevalent in postmenopausal women.The underlying reason is mainly estrogen deficiency,but recent studies have indicated that osteoporosis is also associated with iron accumulation after menopause.It has been confirmed that some methods of decreasing iron accumulation can improve the abnormal bone metabolism associated with postmenopausal osteoporosis.However,the mechanism of iron accumulation-induced osteoporosis is still unclear.Iron accumulation may inhibit the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway via oxidative stress,leading to osteoporosis by decreasing bone formation and increasing bone resorption via the osteoprotegerin(OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand(RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B(RANK)system.In addition to oxidative stress,iron accumulation also has been reported to inhibit either osteoblastogenesis or osteoblastic function as well as to stimulate either osteoclastogenesis or osteoclastic function directly.Furthermore,serum ferritin has been widely used for the prediction of bone status,and nontraumatic measurement of iron content by magnetic resonance imaging may be a promising early indicator of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
基金supported by the Research Project of Yongchuan Hospital,Chongqing Medical University(YJJC202013)the Natural Science Foundation of Yongchuan District,Chongqing(2021yc-jckx20029).
文摘Purpose:Iron metabolism maintains the balance between iron absorption and excretion.Abnormal iron metabolism can cause numerous diseases,including tumor.This study determined the iron metabolism-related genes(IMRGs)signature that can predict the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia(AML).The roles of these genes in the immune microenvironment were also explored.Methods:A total of 514 IMRGs were downloaded from the Molecular Characteristics Database(MSigDB).IMRGs related to AML prognosis were identified using Cox regression and LASSO analyses and were used to construct the risk score model.AML patients were stratified into high-risk groups(cluster 1)and low-risk groups(cluster 2)based on the mean value of the risk score.The accuracy and prognosis prediction potential of the risk-score model was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristics analysis.The stromal score,immune scores,and immune cells infiltrated in AML samples were estimated using CIBERSORT,MCPcountre,and Xcell algorithms.The role of immune checkpoint genes in the AML microenvironment and the prognostic value of the IMRGs were also evaluated.Results:An AML prognosis prediction model was established based on the eight most critical IMRGs.Further analyses revealed that the model could accurately predict AML prognosis.The expression of IMRGs correlated with the infiltration of several immune cells and could influence response to certain chemotherapy drugs and immunotherapy.Conclusion:A model based on IMRGs can accurately predict the overall survival and disease-free survival of AML patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62076042)the Key Research and Development Project of Sichuan Province(No.2021YFSY0012,No.2020YFG0307,No.2021YFG0332)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Sichuan(No.2020017)the Key Research and Development Project of Chengdu(No.2019-YF05-02028-GX)the Innovation Team of Quantum Security Communication of Sichuan Province(No.17TD0009)the Academic and Technical Leaders Training Funding Support Projects of Sichuan Province(No.2016120080102643).
文摘In the objective world,how to deal with the complexity and uncertainty of big data efficiently and accurately has become the premise and key to machine learning.Fuzzy support vector machine(FSVM)not only deals with the classifi-cation problems for training samples with fuzzy information,but also assigns a fuzzy membership degree to each training sample,allowing different training samples to contribute differently in predicting an optimal hyperplane to separate two classes with maximum margin,reducing the effect of outliers and noise,Quantum computing has super parallel computing capabilities and holds the pro-mise of faster algorithmic processing of data.However,FSVM and quantum com-puting are incapable of dealing with the complexity and uncertainty of big data in an efficient and accurate manner.This paper research and propose an efficient and accurate quantum fuzzy support vector machine(QFSVM)algorithm based on the fact that quantum computing can efficiently process large amounts of data and FSVM is easy to deal with the complexity and uncertainty problems.The central idea of the proposed algorithm is to use the quantum algorithm for solving linear systems of equations(HHL algorithm)and the least-squares method to solve the quadratic programming problem in the FSVM.The proposed algorithm can deter-mine whether a sample belongs to the positive or negative class while also achiev-ing a good generalization performance.Furthermore,this paper applies QFSVM to handwritten character recognition and demonstrates that QFSVM can be run on quantum computers,and achieve accurate classification of handwritten characters.When compared to FSVM,QFSVM’s computational complexity decreases expo-nentially with the number of training samples.
文摘Scrub typhus is a zoonotic disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi (O. tsutsugamushi) in which humans are accidental hosts. Acute arrest of hemopoiesis (AAH) always manifests in pancytopenia and with supportive treatment or inducement removal, the AAH patients would show significant improvement in blood routine for about a week. As a rapidly progressive and potentially life-threatening organ function disorder syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is often induced by many factors including infection, illness and injury. We received a rare case of scrub typhus rapidly presenting with AAH and MODS 2 weeks ago. The clinical data of a 32-year-old female with O. tsutsugamushi-induced AAH and MODS was summarized retrospectively and analyzed with a literature review. In this case, we selected tigecycline and moxifloxacin as treatment regimens for scrub typhus. When the potential infection was controlled, her pancytopenia and hepatic function rapidly improved in a few days.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30400576 and No.30672588
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of severe acute pan- creatitis(SAP)on pharmacokinetics of Da-Cheng-Qi Decoction(DCQD)components in rats. METHODS:Rats were divided into SAP group and sham-operation group as a control group(n=6). Rhein,chrysophanol,rheochrysidin,magnolol,hesperidin and naringin in DCQD were quantified in rat serum by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for studying their pharmacokinetics. RESULTS:Early absorption of each DCQD component was tended to degrade in SAP group after treatment with DCQD by gavage.The Cmax(chrysophanol,P= 0.0059;rheochrysidin,P=0.0288;magnolol,P= 0.0487;hesperidin,P=0.0277;naringin,P=0.0023) and AUC(rhein,P=0.0186;chrysophanol,P=0.0013; magnolol,P=0.001;hesperidin,P=0.0081;naringin, P=0.0272)of DCQD component were obviously lower in SAP group than in control group.The T1/2α of chrysophanol and rheochrysidin(P=0.0467 and 0.0005,respectively)and Tmax of chrysophanol and rheochrysidin(P=0.0101 and 0.0037,respectively) lasted longer in SAP group than in control group. CONCLUSION:SAP can significantly impact the ab-sorption of DCQD components in rats and their phar-macokinetic parameters.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(8122010802581473141)+3 种基金 NSFC-TRF collaboration projects(81561148011DBG5980001) Drug Innovation Project of SIMM(CASIMM0120154035) Personalized Medicine-Molecular Signature-based Drug Discovery and
文摘OBJECTIVE To explore the potential effect and mechanisms of protopanaxadiol deriva.tive 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenethyl)-3-(3-dehydroxyl-20(s)-protopa-naxadiol-3 b-yl)-urea(DDPU) in the treatment of Alzheimer disease.METHODS ELISA assay was performed in both HEK293-APPswe and CHO-APP cells to demonstrate the efficacy of DDPU in reducing Ab level.SH-SY5 Y,primary neurons and astrocyte cellswereused to study the regulation of DDPU against the signaling pathways involved in Aβ/ER-stress pathology.APP/PS1 transgenic mice wereusedto study the regulation of DDPU against ADL and cognitive deficits.APP/PS1 transgenic mice were randomly placed into three groups(n=10):The two 6-month transgenic groups were administrated with 30 mg·kg^(-1) DDPU or vehicle and the 6-month non-transgenic group was administrated with vehicle for 100 days by intraperitonealinjec.tion.After 100-day administration,nest construction assay and Morris water maze(MWM) assay were applied to evaluate the daily living activities and cognitive abilities of the mice with continuous DDPU treatment.Upon completion of behavior assays,mice were euthanized,and the brains were removed and bisected in mid-sagittal plane.The right hemispheres were frozen and stored at-80°C,and the left hemispheres were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde.RESULTS DDPU effectively improved learning and memory impairments in APP/PS1 transgenic mice,and the underlying mechanisms have been inten.sively investigated.DDPU reduced Ab production by inhibiting the PERK/eIF2 a signaling-mediated BACE1 translation,while promoted Ab clearance as a PI3K inhibitor thus negatively regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in promotion of autophagy.Moreover,DDPU also exhibited neuroprotective effect by attenuating ER stress.Therefore,all findings have clearly demonstrated the crosstalk between Ab and ER stress,and confirmed that targeting ER stress should be a potential target for innovative anti-AD drug development,while highlighted the potential of DDPU in the treatment of AD.
基金supported by the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072237)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2020CFB583)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2662020SPPY006)。
文摘Phosvitin(PV)was treated with high-temperature,mild pressure(HTMP),and enzyme combination,and then phosvitin phosphopeptides-calcium(PPP-Ca)complexes were prepared.The low-calcium specific pathogen free-Kunming(SPF-KM)mice were used to determine the effect of PPP-Ca complexes on intestinal calcium absorption and their utilization for bone formation.The serum calcium content was the highest with the HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca treatment(2.19 mmol/L),and it significantly down-regulated the abnormal elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP)caused by calcium deficiency.The low-calcium control group had the lowest calcium deposited to the femur(80.41 mg/g)and the lowest femur bone mineral density(BMD)(0.17 g/cm^(3)),while HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca significantly improved bone calcium content(94.33 mg/g)and BMD(0.29 g/cm^(3)).The micro-computed tomography(MCT)images showed that the femur with the normal control,PV-Ca,and HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca treatments had a more compact,complete,and thicker trabecular network than the low-calcium and CaCl_(2)treatments.These results indicated that the organic calcium(HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca)promoted calcium absorption and bone deposition,and the effect of HTMP-Enz-PPP-Ca was better than the inorganic CaCl_(2).
基金This research was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB1104300)the National Science Foundation(CMMI 1825608)Nebraska Center for Energy Sciences Research,and National Natural Science Foundation of China(61774067).The authors would like to thank Professor Stephen Ducharme for valuable discussions regarding the electrical conductivity analysis of this work and Joel Brehm for figure improvement.
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)electrically conductive micro/nanostructures are now a key component in a broad range of research and industry fields.In this work,a novel method is developed to realize metallic 3D micro/nanostructures with silver-thiol-acrylate composites via two-photon polymerization followed by femtosecond laser nanojoining.Complex 3D micro/nanoscale conductive structures have been successfully fabricated with∼200 nm resolution.The loading of silver nanowires(AgNWs)and joining of junctions successfully enhance the electrical conductivity of the composites from insulating to 92.9 Sm^−1 at room temperature.Moreover,for the first time,a reversible switching to a higher conductivity is observed,up to∼10^5Sm^−1 at 523 K.The temperature-dependent conductivity of the composite is analyzed following the variable range hopping and thermal activation models.The nanomaterial assembly and joining method demonstrated in this study pave a way towards a wide range of device applications,including 3D electronics,sensors,memristors,micro/nanoelectromechanical systems,and biomedical devices,etc.
基金Supported by the 2017 Scientific Research Project of Sichuan Health and Family Planning Commission,No.18PJ215.
文摘BACKGROUND Reports on peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC)placement in neonates with persistent left superior vena cava(PLSVC)are rare.The majority of PLSVC patients have no clinical symptoms or hemodynamic changes,which are usually detected during cardiac catheterization,cardiac pacemaker implantation,or PICC placement.However,in neonates with PLSVC,PICC placement can be challenging.Here,we report PICC placement in eight neonates with PLSVC.CASE SUMMARY This article introduces the concept of the“TIMB”bundle.After PICC implantation,we found PLSVC in all eight patients.The key points of care regarding PICC placement in neonates with PLSVC included“TIMB”,where“T”indicates a reasonable choice of the catheterization time,“I”refers to a retrospective analysis of imaging data before catheterization,“M”refers to correct measurement of the body surface length,and“B”indicates that the tip of the PICC is placed in the middle and lower 1/3 of the left superior vena cava under the guidance of B-ultrasound.CONCLUSION“TIMB”is a bundle for PICC placement in neonates,especially for those with PLSVC.Using this new approach can improve the first-attempt success rate of PICC placement,reveal cardiovascular abnormalities in advance,allow the selection of different measurement methods reasonably according to the puncture site,and finally,improve the accuracy of catheter positioning through the use of B-ultrasound guidance.