目的·探讨不同程度小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant,SGA)母体的孕前及孕期高危因素。方法·纳入2013年9月—2016年12月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院分娩的母体及单胎新生儿,根据子代不同出生体质量所在百分...目的·探讨不同程度小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant,SGA)母体的孕前及孕期高危因素。方法·纳入2013年9月—2016年12月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院分娩的母体及单胎新生儿,根据子代不同出生体质量所在百分位分为4组:轻度SGA组(SGA5^th^10^th)、中度SGA组(SGA3^rd^5^th)、重度SGA组(<SGA3^rd)、正常对照组。采用多变量Logistic回归分析SGA母体孕期及孕前高危因素与不同程度SGA发生的相关性。结果·母体的年龄、产次、受教育程度、早产发生率、胎儿性别与SGA无相关性。母体体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、妊娠高血压和接受辅助生殖与SGA显著相关(均P<0.05)。孕前低BMI和妊娠高血压的母体中度SGA的发生率分别为无相关危险因素者的3.6倍和4.0倍。母体接受辅助生殖,其子代重度SGA的发生率是未接受辅助生殖者的6.4倍。轻度SGA与母体BMI、妊娠高血压、接受辅助生殖因素均无相关性。结论·母体低BMI、妊娠高血压是中度SGA的高危因素,接受辅助生殖是重度SGA的高危因素;不同程度SGA的高危因素并不相同。展开更多
Background Birth asphyxia may result in multiple organ dysfunction such as lung injury. Inhalation of nebulized nitric oxide precursor can selectively reduce pulmonary hypertension. However, it is unknown whether such...Background Birth asphyxia may result in multiple organ dysfunction such as lung injury. Inhalation of nebulized nitric oxide precursor can selectively reduce pulmonary hypertension. However, it is unknown whether such precursors can alleviate lung injury induced by hypoxia. We evaluated the effect of inhalation of nebulized nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside on acute hypoxic lung injury in newborn piglets. Methods Acute hypoxic lung injury was induced by inspiring 10% 02 for 1 hour. Twenty-four anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated piglets （5-7 days old） were randomly divided into four groups： （1） group S, not hypoxic; （2） group C, nebulized saline after hypoxia; （3） group NTG, nebulized nitroglycerine after hypoxia; （4） group SNP, nebulized sodium nitroprusside after hypoxia, Respiratory dynamic compliance and resistance of respiratory system were recorded at baseline, 0.5 hour and 1 hour of hypoxia; then 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 3 hours and 5 hours following hypoxia. After nebulization, arterial blood was collected for measuring methaemoglobin and nitrate/nitrite levels. Right lung tissue, wet-dry ratio and myeloperoxidase level were determined. White blood cell count （WBC）, total surfactant phospholipids （TPL） and disaturated phosphatidyl choline （DSPC） of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were calculated. Left lungs were used for examining pathological changes. Results No significant difference was observed in respiratory dynamic compliance, resistance of respiratory system, wet-dry ratio, levels of methaemoglobin and nitrate/nitrite after nebulization, TPL or DSPC/TPL among four groups. WBC in BALF in groups NTG and SNP significantly decreased as compared with group C： similarly for myeloperoxidase level in lung tissue. Lung histological findings showed infiltration of neutrophils in groups NTG and SNP decreased significantly as compared with group C. Conclusion Inhalation of nebulized nitroglycerine or sodium nitroprusside can alleviate the infiltration of neutrophils, while it affects neither the metabolism of phospholipids nor water content in the lungs.展开更多
文摘目的·探讨不同程度小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant,SGA)母体的孕前及孕期高危因素。方法·纳入2013年9月—2016年12月在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院分娩的母体及单胎新生儿,根据子代不同出生体质量所在百分位分为4组:轻度SGA组(SGA5^th^10^th)、中度SGA组(SGA3^rd^5^th)、重度SGA组(<SGA3^rd)、正常对照组。采用多变量Logistic回归分析SGA母体孕期及孕前高危因素与不同程度SGA发生的相关性。结果·母体的年龄、产次、受教育程度、早产发生率、胎儿性别与SGA无相关性。母体体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、妊娠高血压和接受辅助生殖与SGA显著相关(均P<0.05)。孕前低BMI和妊娠高血压的母体中度SGA的发生率分别为无相关危险因素者的3.6倍和4.0倍。母体接受辅助生殖,其子代重度SGA的发生率是未接受辅助生殖者的6.4倍。轻度SGA与母体BMI、妊娠高血压、接受辅助生殖因素均无相关性。结论·母体低BMI、妊娠高血压是中度SGA的高危因素,接受辅助生殖是重度SGA的高危因素;不同程度SGA的高危因素并不相同。
文摘Background Birth asphyxia may result in multiple organ dysfunction such as lung injury. Inhalation of nebulized nitric oxide precursor can selectively reduce pulmonary hypertension. However, it is unknown whether such precursors can alleviate lung injury induced by hypoxia. We evaluated the effect of inhalation of nebulized nitroglycerine and sodium nitroprusside on acute hypoxic lung injury in newborn piglets. Methods Acute hypoxic lung injury was induced by inspiring 10% 02 for 1 hour. Twenty-four anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated piglets （5-7 days old） were randomly divided into four groups： （1） group S, not hypoxic; （2） group C, nebulized saline after hypoxia; （3） group NTG, nebulized nitroglycerine after hypoxia; （4） group SNP, nebulized sodium nitroprusside after hypoxia, Respiratory dynamic compliance and resistance of respiratory system were recorded at baseline, 0.5 hour and 1 hour of hypoxia; then 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 3 hours and 5 hours following hypoxia. After nebulization, arterial blood was collected for measuring methaemoglobin and nitrate/nitrite levels. Right lung tissue, wet-dry ratio and myeloperoxidase level were determined. White blood cell count （WBC）, total surfactant phospholipids （TPL） and disaturated phosphatidyl choline （DSPC） of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were calculated. Left lungs were used for examining pathological changes. Results No significant difference was observed in respiratory dynamic compliance, resistance of respiratory system, wet-dry ratio, levels of methaemoglobin and nitrate/nitrite after nebulization, TPL or DSPC/TPL among four groups. WBC in BALF in groups NTG and SNP significantly decreased as compared with group C： similarly for myeloperoxidase level in lung tissue. Lung histological findings showed infiltration of neutrophils in groups NTG and SNP decreased significantly as compared with group C. Conclusion Inhalation of nebulized nitroglycerine or sodium nitroprusside can alleviate the infiltration of neutrophils, while it affects neither the metabolism of phospholipids nor water content in the lungs.
