二尖瓣成形术治疗感染性心内膜炎合并二尖瓣关闭不全的中长期疗效

目的探讨二尖瓣成形术(mitral valvuloplasty,MVP)治疗感染性心内膜炎(infective endocarditis,IE)合并二尖瓣关闭不全(mitral regurgitation,MR)的中长期疗效。方法2009年6月至2016年11月,选取复旦大学附属中山医院心外科55例MVP治疗IE合并MR的患者作为观察组,47例二尖瓣置换术(mitral valve replacement,MVR)治疗IE合并MR的患者作为对照组,两组IE患者均单纯累及二尖瓣。回顾分析两组患者围术期资料并比较中长期疗效。结果观察组与对照组比较,术前性别、年龄、心功能等临床资料差异无统计学意义。观察组术后总住院时间短于对照组[(7.24±2.32)天vs.(9.93±2.63)天,P=0.003],体外循环时间、主动脉阻断时间、术后辅助通气时间、术后ICU住院时间、围术期输红细胞量、术后24 h引流量差异无统计学意义。对照组围术期死亡1例,观察组0例,两组患者围术期并发症发生率、死亡率差异无统计学意义。随访11~119个月,平均(43±27)个月,总随访率91%。随访期间观察组2例患者因MVP后二尖瓣狭窄伴关闭不全行MVR,对照组再次二尖瓣手术0例。两组再次二尖瓣手术发生率分别为4.0%和0,差异无统计学意义(P=0.543)。随访期间,观察组华法林抗凝并发症0例,对照组3例,发生率分别为0和7.0%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.059),两组患者均无复发、无死亡。多因素回归分析发现二尖瓣瓣膜损害、术者经验影响手术方式。结论MVP治疗IE合并MR围术期未显著影响手术安全性,中长期疗效明显,对于二尖瓣结构未严重破坏且术者具有较丰富的二尖瓣成形经验,推荐MVP。

地奥司明联合负压淋巴回流治疗乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿疗效分析

观察地奥司明联合负压淋巴回流对乳腺癌术后上肢淋巴水肿的临床疗效。选取2016年1月至2019年7月我院乳腺外科行乳腺癌改良根治术后伴发上肢淋巴水肿患者144例,根据入院顺序采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组72例。对照组给予PhysioTouch装置负压淋巴回流治疗;观察组在对照组基础上给予地奥司明片,3片/次,3次/d,疗程14 d。使用生活质量问卷(QOL)评价患者日常生活质量,使用汉密尔顿抑郁自评表(HAMD)、焦虑自评表(HAMA)评价负面情绪。治疗后观察组患侧上臂周径和VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组临床治疗总有效率为95.8%(69/72),显著高于对照组的83.3%(60/72)(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组HAMD和HAMA评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01),观察组QOL评分显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。地奥司明联合负压淋巴回流治疗乳腺癌术后淋巴水肿疗效显著,可以显著改善患者生活质量和负面情绪。

HPSE、HIF-1表达与乳腺癌患者的特征及组织中MVD计数的关系

目的探讨乙酰肝素酶(HPSE)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)与乳腺癌患者的特征及组织中微血管密度(MVD)计数的关系。方法回顾性选取2015年1月至2020年1月在邯郸市中心医院治疗的乳腺癌患者118例,选取相应癌旁组织作为对照。采用免疫组织化学染色法检测HPSE、HIF-1α表达,同时采用CD34标记微血管。比较乳腺癌和癌旁组织HPSE、HIF-1α阳性表达情况;分析HPSE、HIF-1α表达与乳腺癌临床特征关系;HPSE和HIF-1α表达相关性;比较不同HPSE和HIF-1α表达与组织MVD计数的关系。结果乳腺癌组织HPSE和HIF-1α阳性表达率分别为65.25%和75.42%,明显高于癌旁组织(17.80%和13.56%)(P <0.05)。病灶大小> 2 cm、TNM分期Ⅲ期、有淋巴结转移乳腺癌组织HPSE和HIF-1α阳性表达率分别为80.70%和87.72%、84.78%和95.65%、84.31%和92.16%,明显高于病灶大小≤2 cm(50.82%和63.93%)、TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(52.78%和62.50%)、无淋巴结转移(50.75%和62.69%)乳腺癌组织(P <0.05);中低分化乳腺癌组织HIF-1α阳性表达率为82.56%,明显高于高分化乳腺癌组织(56.25%)(P <0.05)。HPSE和HIF-1α表达呈正相关(r=0.493,P <0.05)。HPSE和HIF-1α双阳组织MVD计数为67.33±13.31,明显高于HPSE和HIF-1α双阴、HPSE阳性和HIF-1α阳性组织(P <0.05);HPSE阳性和HIF-1α阳性组织MVD计数分别为5.50±12.01和43.29±10.43,明显高于HPSE和HIF-1α双阴组织(24.49±9.82)(P <0.05)。结论乳腺癌组织HPSE、HIF-1α表达上调,与患者临床病理及MVD计数有一定关系,且两者间表达呈正相关。

alpha-1抗胰蛋白酶在Stanford A型主动脉夹层血管重构中的作用及分子机制的研究

目的:探究α-1抗胰蛋白酶在A型主动脉夹层发病和治疗中的作用与机制。方法:取2012年4月～2016年4月在我院行手术治疗的Stanford A型主动脉夹层患者8例、升主动脉瘤患者8例、正常组8例的资料信息,比较各组血管组织中AAT的蛋白和基因表达水平同时检测血清中AAT含量的变化。使用人原代血管内皮细胞验证AAT对于血管内皮细胞在胰酶刺激下发生细胞凋亡的保护作用,采用皮下缓释angⅡ和血管注射胰酶构建比格犬血管夹层模型,给予AAT治疗后检测Caspase家族蛋白及基因的表达水平。结果:使用RT-PCR及Western blot检测,发现在A型血管夹层患者和主动脉瘤及正常人血管组织中均有不同程度的AAT表达,其中在主动脉瘤患者中AAT表达水平较正常组显著升高(P<0. 05),在A型主动脉夹层患者中AAT表达较正常组显著下调(P<0. 05);在人原代血管内皮细胞中使用AAT预孵育12 h后原代在MMP-2/9压力的作用下,其组织表达的Caspase家族蛋白Caspase-3、Caspase-8较PBS预孵育组显著下调。在动物模型体内,AAT治疗能够显著下调Caspase家族蛋白的mRNA和蛋白水平(P<0. 05)。结论:AAT能够通过抑制Caspase家族蛋白的激活进而抑制血管内皮细胞的凋亡,最终保护血管组织,阻止其形成动脉夹层。

Anomaly detection in traffic surveillance with sparse topic model

Most research on anomaly detection has focused on event that is different from its spatial-temporal neighboring events.It is still a significant challenge to detect anomalies that involve multiple normal events interacting in an unusual pattern.In this work,a novel unsupervised method based on sparse topic model was proposed to capture motion patterns and detect anomalies in traffic surveillance.scale-invariant feature transform(SIFT)flow was used to improve the dense trajectory in order to extract interest points and the corresponding descriptors with less interference.For the purpose of strengthening the relationship of interest points on the same trajectory,the fisher kernel method was applied to obtain the representation of trajectory which was quantized into visual word.Then the sparse topic model was proposed to explore the latent motion patterns and achieve a sparse representation for the video scene.Finally,two anomaly detection algorithms were compared based on video clip detection and visual word analysis respectively.Experiments were conducted on QMUL Junction dataset and AVSS dataset.The results demonstrated the superior efficiency of the proposed method.

Gait recognition based on Wasserstein generating adversarial image inpainting network

Aiming at the problem of small area human occlusion in gait recognition,a method based on generating adversarial image inpainting network was proposed which can generate a context consistent image for gait occlusion area.In order to reduce the effect of noise on feature extraction,the stacked automatic encoder with robustness was used.In order to improve the ability of gait classification,the sparse coding was used to express and classify the gait features.Experiments results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with other state-of-the-art methods on the public databases CASIA-B and TUM-GAID for gait recognition.

Human interaction recognition based on sparse representation of feature covariance matrices

A new method for interaction recognition based on sparse representation of feature covariance matrices was presented.Firstly,the dense trajectories(DT)extracted from the video were clustered into different groups to eliminate the irrelevant trajectories,which could greatly reduce the noise influence on feature extraction.Then,the trajectory tunnels were characterized by means of feature covariance matrices.In this way,the discriminative descriptors could be extracted,which was also an effective solution to the problem that the description of the feature second-order statistics is insufficient.After that,an over-complete dictionary was learned with the descriptors and all the descriptors were encoded using sparse coding(SC).Classification was achieved using multiple instance learning(MIL),which was more suitable for complex environments.The proposed method was tested and evaluated on the WEB Interaction dataset and the UT interaction dataset.The experimental results demonstrated the superior efficiency.

An Image Encryption Approach Using a Shuffling Map

A new image encryption approach is proposed.First,a sort transformation based on nonlinear chaoticalgorithm is used to shuffle the positions of image pixels.Then the states of hyper-chaos are used to change the greyvalues of the shuffled image according to the changed chaotic values of the same position between the above nonlinearchaotic sequence and the sorted chaotic sequence.The experimental results demonstrate that the image encryptionscheme based on a shuffling map shows advantages of large key space and high-level security.Compared with someencryption algorithms,the suggested encryption scheme is more secure.

Interaction behavior recognition from multiple views

This paper proposed a novel multi-view interactive behavior recognition method based on local self-similarity descriptors and graph shared multi-task learning. First, we proposed the composite interactive feature representation which encodes both the spatial distribution of local motion of interest points and their contexts. Furthermore, local self-similarity descriptor represented by temporal-pyramid bag of words(BOW) was applied to decreasing the influence of observation angle change on recognition and retaining the temporal information. For the purpose of exploring latent correlation between different interactive behaviors from different views and retaining specific information of each behaviors, graph shared multi-task learning was used to learn the corresponding interactive behavior recognition model. Experiment results showed the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with other state-of-the-art methods on the public databases CASIA, i3Dpose dataset and self-built database for interactive behavior recognition.

Abnormal behavior detection by causality analysis and sparse reconstruction

A new approach for abnormal behavior detection was proposed using causality analysis and sparse reconstruction. To effectively represent multiple-object behavior, low level visual features and causality features were adopted. The low level visual features, which included trajectory shape descriptor, speeded up robust features and histograms of optical flow, were used to describe properties of individual behavior, and causality features obtained by causality analysis were introduced to depict the interaction information among a set of objects. In order to cope with feature noisy and uncertainty, a method for multiple-object anomaly detection was presented via a sparse reconstruction. The abnormality of the testing sample was decided by the sparse reconstruction cost from an atomically learned dictionary. Experiment results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with other state-of-the-art methods on the public databases for abnormal behavior detection.

景宁望东垟高山湿地自然保护区大型真菌资源调查与分析

2015、2016、2019年每年的7—9月,对景宁望东垟高山湿地自然保护区(以下简称望东垟自然保护区)的大型真菌资源进行调查和采集,共采集到435份大型真菌样本,对其形态学和资源利用价值进行分析研究。结果表明,望东垟自然保护区共有大型真菌110种,隶属于2门4纲12目39科68属,其中南方喙囊乳菇Lactarius austrorostratus、巴德兹脆柄菇Psathyrellabadhyzensis、美丽乳菇L.formosus、假根微皮伞Marasmiellus rhizomorphigenus、考夫曼干脐菇Xeromphalina kauffmanii、糙孢粉褶蓝盖菇Entocybe trachyospora 6个种为中国新记录种;物种丰富科为红菇科Russulaceae、蘑菇科Agaricaceae、牛肝菌科Boletaceae,共计33种,占总种数的30%;物种丰富属为鹅膏属Amanita、红菇属Russula、粉褶菌属Entoloma,共计21种,占总种数的19%;按照生长基质的不同,保护区内大型真菌可以划分木生真菌(38种)、土生真菌(39种)、菌根真菌(33种)三类;按资源价值的不同,可以分为食用菌(22种)、药用菌(22种)、外生菌根菌(33种)和毒菌(20种)。研究基本查清了该地区的大型真菌资源状况,为望东垟自然保护区菌物资源的保护和利用奠定基础。

Graph-based method for human-object interactions detection

Human-object interaction(HOIs)detection is a new branch of visual relationship detection,which plays an important role in the field of image understanding.Because of the complexity and diversity of image content,the detection of HOIs is still an onerous challenge.Unlike most of the current works for HOIs detection which only rely on the pairwise information of a human and an object,we propose a graph-based HOIs detection method that models context and global structure information.Firstly,to better utilize the relations between humans and objects,the detected humans and objects are regarded as nodes to construct a fully connected undirected graph,and the graph is pruned to obtain an HOI graph that only preserving the edges connecting human and object nodes.Then,in order to obtain more robust features of human and object nodes,two different attention-based feature extraction networks are proposed,which model global and local contexts respectively.Finally,the graph attention network is introduced to pass messages between different nodes in the HOI graph iteratively,and detect the potential HOIs.Experiments on V-COCO and HICO-DET datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,and show that it is superior to many existing methods.

景宁县林业总场森林资源动态变化分析

以2008年、2016年森林资源二类调查数据为基础,对景宁县林业总场森林资源动态变化进行了分析,结果表明:从2008年底到2016年底,景宁县林业总场实现了“有林地面积、森林蓄积量、森林覆盖率、公益林面积”四增长。新增有林地面积157.1 hm^2,达到5599.7 hm^2;新增森林蓄积122203 m^3,达到659497 m^3;新增森林覆盖率2.8个百分点,达到95.5%;新增公益林面积1490 hm^2,达到5210.2 hm^2。针对森林资源现状,提出了相应发展建议。

景宁大仰湖湿地群自然保护区物种多样性研究

本文通过对保护区植被类型、植物种类、湿地维管植物组成、群落优势、生活型组成、地理成分、濒危性的分析,及对野生动物区系成分、珍稀濒危性的分析,阐述了保护区的物种多样性,并对保护区的重要性和保护价值进行了综合评价。

畲乡景宁湿地资源现状与保护对策分析

对浙江省景宁畲族自治县现有河流湿地、沼泽湿地和人工湿地3类,永久性河流、草本沼泽、森林沼泽、库塘4型,5431.71 hm 2湿地和丰富的湿地动植物资源进行了调查分析,针对主要存在管理体制机制不顺、水力资源开发过度和湿地功能退化严重等问题,提出通过采取加大管理、宣传、资金投入力度,建立水电站退出、湿地生态功能修复等机制,健全和完善湿地资源保护的法律体系等对策措施,更加科学地保护湿地资源。

景宁县不同林分对林下栽植多花黄精生长的影响

为提高景宁县林下多花黄精生产技术水平和经济效益,在景宁县东坑镇选择当地林下经济主要模式——间作多花黄精Polygonatum cyrtonem的代表性林地——厚朴林、杉木林、毛竹林,进行了不同林分对黄精栽植成活率以及地径、株高、根茎鲜重等生长量影响研究,结果表明:不同林分林下多花黄精栽植成活率以及株高、地径、根茎鲜重等指标排序为厚朴林>毛竹林>杉木林,其中成活率88.2%~92.8%,三者差异不显著(P>0.05);株高三者之间差异显著(P<0.05);地径厚朴林与毛竹林之间差异不显著(P>0.05),但都与杉木林差异显著(P<0.05);根茎鲜重除厚朴林与杉木林之间差异显著(P<0.05)外,其它之间都不显著。试验的三种主要林分多花黄精栽植成活率都高于85%,可满足生产需求;综合考虑林下多花黄精生长量,栽植多花黄精应优先选择厚朴林,其次是毛竹林。

不停跳冠脉旁路移植术前停用氯吡格雷对出血风险及短期预后的影响

目的:探讨不停跳冠脉旁路移植术(off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting,OPCABG)术前停用氯吡格雷对围术期出血风险及预后的影响。方法:本研究是一项前瞻性队列研究。纳入接受阿司匹林联合氯吡格雷治疗且拟行OPCABG的患者。根据术前停用氯吡格雷时间分为3组:(1)停药<72 h:(2)停药72~120 h;(3)停药>120 h。主要终点:术后出血量;次要终点:活动性出血发生率;围术期输血情况;围术期脑梗、心梗发生率;30 d死亡率及再入院率。结果:纳入患者358例。停用氯吡格雷<72 h时,患者术后出血量高于停用氯吡格雷>120 h时出血量[317.6 mL(192.0~444.0 mL)vs.247.3 mL(173.0~329.3 mL),P=0.045],活动性出血发生率也高于停用氯吡格雷>120 h时发生率(7.5%vs.0%,P=0.006)。随着停药时间的增加,<72 h、72~120 h、>120 h者围术期脑梗发生率呈增加趋势(1.5%、3.4%、9.3%,P for trend=0.009)。3组在输血情况、心梗发生率、30 d死亡率及再入院率差异无统计学意义。发生不良预后的患者术后出血量及活动性出血发生率高于未发生不良预后的患者。结论:OPCABG术前停用氯吡格雷72~120 h时,出血风险低且预后较好。此外,围术期出血风险与患者短期不良预后相关。