Industrial Carbon Emission Distribution and Regional Joint Emission Reduction:A Case Study of Cities in the Pearl River Basin,China

China’s low-carbon development path will make significant contributions to achieving global sustainable development goals.Due to the diverse natural and economic conditions across different regions in China,there exists an imbalance in the distribution of car-bon emissions.Therefore,regional cooperation serves as an effective means to attain low-carbon development.This study examined the pattern of carbon emissions and proposed a potential joint emission reduction strategy by utilizing the industrial carbon emission intens-ity(ICEI)as a crucial factor.We utilized social network analysis and Local Indicators of Spatial Association(LISA)space-time trans-ition matrix to investigate the spatiotemporal connections and discrepancies of ICEI in the cities of the Pearl River Basin(PRB),China from 2010 to 2020.The primary drivers of the ICEI were determined through geographical detectors and multi-scale geographically weighted regression.The results were as follows:1)the overall ICEI in the Pearl River Basin is showing a downward trend,and there is a significant spatial imbalance.2)There are numerous network connections between cities regarding the ICEI,but the network structure is relatively fragile and unstable.3)Economically developed cities such as Guangzhou,Foshan,and Dongguan are in the center of the network while playing an intermediary role.4)Energy consumption,industrialization,per capita GDP,urbanization,science and techno-logy,and productivity are found to be the most influential variables in the spatial differentiation of ICEI,and their combination in-creased the explanatory power of the geographic variation of ICEI.Finally,through the analysis of differences and connections in urban carbon emissions under different economic levels and ICEI,the study suggests joint carbon reduction strategies,which are centered on carbon transfer,financial support,and technological assistance among cities.

数字经济与工业低碳协调发展研究——来自西部陆海新通道的实证分析

在新发展格局中,数字经济不仅是推进绿色经济增长的战略选择,也与实现工业低碳化紧密相连。以2011—2022年西部陆海新通道地区的面板数据为基础,从产业数字化、数字产业化和数字化应用三个维度,选取农业、工业、服务业、智能制造及数字交易等方面的详细指标,运用熵权TOPSIS法构建数字经济发展指数,通过耦合协调度模型和收敛分析发现该区域数字经济与工业低碳发展的协调性呈上升趋势,但存在阶段性发散与收敛特征。该地区各省份表现出条件β收敛特征,特别是西北区显示出绝对β收敛特征。综合分析表明,在考虑多因素后,广西和海南有潜力实现高度协调发展。因此,政府应推动该区域各省份数字经济和工业低碳协同发展,以实现可持续发展目标。

挠力河流域耕地变化及其对流域植被及蒸散发特征的影响

挠力河流域地处三江平原腹地,是中国重要的粮食主产区。近年来,随着中国粮食安全和区域农业结构调整,在耕地扩张及种植结构等方面发生了重要的土地利用变化。因此,识别耕地变化及其生态效应对地区生态保护具有重要意义。研究分析了1980—2020年的土地利用变化,然后基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)和实际蒸散发数据,利用耕地变化生态影响指数估算其生态影响,利用蒸散发变化估算其耗水影响。研究发现:①40 a间流域耕地面积从7273.22 km^(2)显著增加至15313.62 km^(2),增加了110.55%,主要来自于林地和湿地的开垦;②流域内近20 a发生了较为显著的水田和旱地的互转,在面积上旱改水大于水改旱;③2000—2020年流域的NDVI和蒸散发均呈现增加趋势,增幅分别为8.15%和18.58%,耕地区域NDVI的增加主要集中在作物生长季节,相反在非生长季对NDVI变化贡献低;④各类耕地变化对流域NDVI和年蒸散发的贡献率不尽相同,退耕还林对保护生态和减少耗水有贡献,湿地开垦虽然增加了生长季NDVI但也增加了流域耗水,水改旱有利于流域保水,而旱改水工程增加蒸发耗水,可能带来水资源安全风险。

珠三角碳达峰系统动力学预测

基于2000—2020年数据,利用IPCC法对珠三角碳排放总量进行测算,然后运用STIRPAT模型将碳排放影响因素划分为7个维度,使用空间杜宾模型分析珠三角碳排放影响因素,并依据广东省发展目标提出8种预测方案。最后运用系统动力学对2021—2035年不同政策方案下的珠三角碳排放趋势进行动态预测。结果表明:1)既定政策情形下,珠三角2030年可实现碳达峰;2)一定的政策干预可以减少碳排放,但若政府放松管理,将无法实现碳达峰;3)实行单一减排政策情景下,碳达峰时间集中于2025—2030年;4)多种碳减排政策协调控制情境下可在2024年实现碳达峰,优于单一碳减排政策。结合空间杜宾模型分析与碳排放预测结果,提出增加城市绿化、重视政策间协调配合与城市间空间联系、优化产业结构、完善电力系统、加强居民绿色消费意识等政策建议,将有助于碳达峰的实现。