晚期糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)是在美拉德反应末期,蛋白质、氨基酸、脂类或核酸等的游离氨基与还原糖(葡萄糖、果糖、戊糖等)的羰基进行反应后产生的一类稳定产物。AGEs可以与AGE受体(receptor for advance...晚期糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)是在美拉德反应末期,蛋白质、氨基酸、脂类或核酸等的游离氨基与还原糖(葡萄糖、果糖、戊糖等)的羰基进行反应后产生的一类稳定产物。AGEs可以与AGE受体(receptor for advanced glycation end product,RAGE)相互作用,启动其下游的相关信号通路从而诱导氧化应激和炎症反应。植物多酚能抑制AGEs诱导的RAGE上调,抑制核转录因子(nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)磷酸化和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPKs)的活化,并显著降低炎症介质的基因表达,包括肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)和IL-6等。基于此,本文全面综述了植物多酚通过RAGE/MAPK/NF-κB信号通路调节AGEs诱导的炎症因子基因表达的作用机制,以期为研发植物多酚类抗氧化和抗炎保健食品或药品提供一定的科学依据。展开更多
At present,the dual-loop organic Rankine cycle(DORC)is regarded as an important solution to engine waste heat recovery(WHR).Compared with the conventional exergy analysis,the advanced exergy analysis can better descri...At present,the dual-loop organic Rankine cycle(DORC)is regarded as an important solution to engine waste heat recovery(WHR).Compared with the conventional exergy analysis,the advanced exergy analysis can better describe the interactions between system components and the irreversibility caused by economic or technical limitations.In order to systematically study the thermodynamic performance of DORC,the conventional and advanced exergy analyses are compared using an inline 6-cylinder 4-stroke turbocharged diesel engine.Meanwhile,the sensitivity analysis is implemented to further investigate the influence of operating parameters on avoidable-endogenous exergy destruction.The analysis result of conventional exergy analysis demonstrates that the priorities for the components that should be improved are in order of the high-temperature evaporator,the low-temperature turbine,the first low-temperature evaporator and the high-temperature condenser.The advanced exergy analysis result suggests that the avoidable exergy destruction values are the highest in the low-temperature turbine,the high-temperature evaporator and the high-temperature turbine because they have considerable endogenous-avoidable exergy destruction.The sensitivity analysis indicates that reducing the evaporation pinch point and raising the turbine efficiency can decrease the avoidable exergy destruction.展开更多
文摘晚期糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products,AGEs)是在美拉德反应末期,蛋白质、氨基酸、脂类或核酸等的游离氨基与还原糖(葡萄糖、果糖、戊糖等)的羰基进行反应后产生的一类稳定产物。AGEs可以与AGE受体(receptor for advanced glycation end product,RAGE)相互作用,启动其下游的相关信号通路从而诱导氧化应激和炎症反应。植物多酚能抑制AGEs诱导的RAGE上调,抑制核转录因子(nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)磷酸化和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPKs)的活化,并显著降低炎症介质的基因表达,包括肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)和IL-6等。基于此,本文全面综述了植物多酚通过RAGE/MAPK/NF-κB信号通路调节AGEs诱导的炎症因子基因表达的作用机制,以期为研发植物多酚类抗氧化和抗炎保健食品或药品提供一定的科学依据。
基金supported by the Science and Technology Major Project of Tibet of China(Grant No.XZ201801-GA-03)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.2018JJ2399)。
文摘At present,the dual-loop organic Rankine cycle(DORC)is regarded as an important solution to engine waste heat recovery(WHR).Compared with the conventional exergy analysis,the advanced exergy analysis can better describe the interactions between system components and the irreversibility caused by economic or technical limitations.In order to systematically study the thermodynamic performance of DORC,the conventional and advanced exergy analyses are compared using an inline 6-cylinder 4-stroke turbocharged diesel engine.Meanwhile,the sensitivity analysis is implemented to further investigate the influence of operating parameters on avoidable-endogenous exergy destruction.The analysis result of conventional exergy analysis demonstrates that the priorities for the components that should be improved are in order of the high-temperature evaporator,the low-temperature turbine,the first low-temperature evaporator and the high-temperature condenser.The advanced exergy analysis result suggests that the avoidable exergy destruction values are the highest in the low-temperature turbine,the high-temperature evaporator and the high-temperature turbine because they have considerable endogenous-avoidable exergy destruction.The sensitivity analysis indicates that reducing the evaporation pinch point and raising the turbine efficiency can decrease the avoidable exergy destruction.
