光伏波动平抑下改进K-means的电池储能动态分组控制策略

针对电池储能系统(battery energy storage system,BESS)进行光伏波动平抑时寿命损耗高及荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)一致性差的问题,提出了光伏波动平抑下改进K-means的BESS动态分组控制策略。首先,采用最小最大调度方法获取光伏并网指令。其次,设计了改进侏儒猫鼬优化算法(improved dwarf mongoose optimizer,IDMO),并利用它对传统K-means聚类算法进行改进,加快了聚类速度。接着,制定了电池单元动态分组原则,并根据电池单元SOC利用改进K-means将其分为3个电池组。然后,设计了基于充放电函数的电池单元SOC一致性功率分配方法,并据此提出BESS双层功率分配策略,上层确定电池组充放电顺序及指令,下层计算电池单元充放电指令。对所提策略进行仿真验证,结果表明,所设计的IDMO具有更高的寻优精度及更快的寻优速度。所提BESS平抑光伏波动策略在有效平抑波动的同时,降低了BESS运行寿命损耗并提高了电池单元SOC的均衡性。

基于荷-储碳流模型的电力系统双层优化调度

为减少高耗能机组出力,同时增加风电消纳能力,考虑负荷和储能两类灵活调用资源,提出基于荷-储碳放流模型的电力系统双层经济低碳优化调度方法。基于电力系统碳排放流理论,分别建立负荷和储能设备的碳排放流模型;设计考虑荷-储协同优化的低碳调度策略,在负荷侧建立基于负荷节点碳势的电-碳耦合价格需求响应模型,同时鉴于荷侧降碳调节的局限性,在储能侧建立基于碳流模型的低碳调度策略,实现荷-储协同低碳调度策略;考虑经济性和低碳性,建立包含上层经济调度、下层低碳调度的双层优化调度模型。通过改进IEEE-14节点系统对优化调度方法进行仿真验证,结果表明:提出的优化调度方法在保证经济性的同时,减少了弃风,并降低了高耗能机组出力,从而有效降低了全系统的碳排放。

考虑复杂出行链基于双链马尔科夫的电动汽车负荷建模方法

为解决电动汽车(electric vehicle,EV)负荷建模困难且精度低的问题,提出了考虑复杂出行链基于双链马尔科夫的电动汽车负荷建模方法。首先,对5种状态下EV的荷电状态进行划分;其次,对出行时间、停驻时长等与EV出行相关的内部因素以及道路拥堵、天气状况、空调启停等外部因素进行分析,并据此构建考虑内外部因素的EV复杂出行链模型;最后,在确定主链和辅链的状态转移概率矩阵基础上,推导双链马尔科夫的一步转移概率矩阵,建立不同状态下考虑复杂出行链的EV负荷模型。对所提EV负荷模型进行仿真验证,并与典型日EV负荷数据及其他建模方法进行对比,结果表明,所提负荷模型的精度更高,能够更加准确地描述EV充放电负荷。

考虑碳排放流与需求响应的电力系统两阶段优化调度

风电接入从发电侧降低了电力系统碳排放,而引入需求响应消纳弃风为负荷侧降碳提供了新思路。文中综合考虑风电和需求响应,基于电力系统碳排放流理论提出日前、日内两阶段电网低碳优化调度方法。首先,分析电力系统碳排放流理论,建立负荷侧的节点碳势模型;其次,将柔性负荷分为可转移负荷和可削减负荷,基于负荷节点碳势模型设计调用这两类负荷降碳的响应机制;然后,建立考虑低碳性和经济性的源荷协调日前优化调度模型,基于模型预测控制求解日前优化调度模型,并通过反馈校正调整日内调度结果。最后,分别通过改进PJM-5节点和IEEE 300系统进行仿真验证,证明了文中所提优化调度方法能有效促进柔性负荷消纳风电,减少弃风,同时实现负荷侧降碳。

计及自适应阶梯碳势-碳价与供需双响应基于主从博弈的综合能源系统低碳经济调度

针对碳流视角下综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)低碳化调度潜能挖掘不充分和用能侧碳排放责任承担不足的问题,提出了计及自适应阶梯碳势-碳价与供需双响应基于主从博弈的IES低碳经济调度策略。首先,设计自适应阶梯碳势-碳价模型,并构建基于能量枢纽矩阵标准化模型的IES碳流模型,获取用户侧各能源负荷节点碳势,进而完成碳势分级下碳价区间的划分;其次,兼顾源荷两侧的灵活调整及响应机制,建立用户侧参与的IES主从博弈低碳经济调度模型,上层IES运营商通过制定动态变化的负荷节点碳势-碳价,引导下层用户聚合商低碳化用能;最后,提出改进霜冰优化算法(improved rime optimization algorithm,IRIME),利用其独特阶梯式逐步搜索策略与主从博弈迭代过程相贴合的特性,并改进权重系数设计与选择策略,实现主从博弈模型的高精度、快速求解。仿真结果表明:所提自适应阶梯碳势-碳价模型提升了用户侧的碳势感知能力,与阶梯型碳排放固定碳价模型相比可进一步降低4.76%的碳排放量,结合供需双响应机制可提高1.13%的IES运营商收益和降低0.81%的用户聚合商成本;IRIME提升了模型求解的快速性,同时改善了主体间博弈结果的均衡性;所提调度策略实现了碳排放责任的流动转移与两主体间的协同低碳经济运行。

miR-181a-5p对人颌骨骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化的影响

目的:探讨骨折后骨改建中miR-181a-5p对人骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)成骨分化的作用。方法:提取正颌手术患者废弃骨块中的BMSCs,将其转染后分为对照组、miR-181a-5p过表达组、miR-181a-5p沉默组。成骨诱导14 d后,分析各组矿化结节形成、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase, ALP)表达。成骨诱导21 d后,实时定量聚合酶链反应(real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RT-qPCR)分析各组成骨相关基因的表达。结果:miR-181a-5p过表达组相比对照组,其ALP表达更高,成骨相关基因Ⅰ型胶原(collagen type 1,COL1)、Runt相关转录因子2(runt related transcription factor 2, Runx2)表达更高,矿化结节形成更多;miR-181a-5p沉默组相比对照组,其ALP表达更低,成骨相关基因COL1、Runx2表达更低,矿化结节形成更少。结论:miR-181a-5p对BMSCs成骨分化具有促进作用。

Continuous-Wave Self-Focusing and Self-phase Modulation in C_(60)-Benzene Solution

C_(60)-benzene solutions are used as a new type of nonlinear Medium for observing cw self-focusing of laser beams.Self-phase modulation of much low power laser beam has been observed.The response time of C_(60)-benzene solution has been measured.

Experimental Observation of Electrie Field Induced C_(60) Redistribution in Benzene Solution

We report the experimental observation of electric field induced Gso redistribution,in benzene solution by thermal blooming change of transmitted light.The pol&riz&tion of C_(60) molecules in external field is analyzed.

Nearly-Resonant Two-Photon Absorption of C6o Thin Film at 633 nm

We present nieasureinents of two-pho ton absorption(TPA)coefficient of C_(60) thin Hhn at 633nm.Large values of β〜5cm/W were determined.Nearly~resona.nt TPA transition around 3.76eV absorption region was discussed.

Theoretical Study to Identify the Amplified Spontaneous Emissions in NF and FO

We present our theoretical study to identify two new amplified spontaneous emissions(241.3 and 268.7nm)in the NF and FO molecules.We also present our theoretical calculations for electronic structures of molecular Rydberg excited states for the NF and FO molecules.

Retroreflection Characteristics of the Surface Under Diode Laser Radiation

The retroreflection characteristics of metai surfaces sprayed with different mixture of S13N4 powder and plastic powder were evaluated by an automatic system developed at our laboratory,which normally used to measure the absolute retroreflectance of various surfaces without any reference standard.The preliminary results obtained seem to indicate that the characterization of the retroreflection distribution can be controlled as needed by selecting the sample surface material and/or its mixture.This property may be used in analysis of target signatures.

Time-resolved Fluorescence Decay Study of Hematoporphyrin Derivative

Timefluorescence decays were first performed on hematoporphyrin derivative laser No.3 in buffer at different micelles concentration.The flu.orescence lifetime constants,measured with a time-correlated single photon counting system;could be fitted by two or three exponential components with different relative peak amplitudes depending on the observation wavelength^thus indicating the presence of different emitting molecular species and/or of molecular species in different aggregational states.

面向5G多空口的异构网切换方法分析

为解决传统异构网切换方法切换速率低的问题,面向5G多空口分析异构网切换方法。确定异构网传输路径输出端,设计异构网路径切换单元,在state1阶段,将代码烧写到符合总线接口的存储器中,在state2阶段,自动完成枚举,在state3阶段,启动CQ1-QOUT 310,执行切换命令,实现异构网切换。并设计实例进行分析,结果表明,设计方法切换速率明显高于对照组,能够解决传统异构网切换方法切换速率低的问题。