金属有机骨架材料在色谱固定相构建及应用中的研究进展

金属有机骨架(MOFs)是由金属中心或团簇与有机配体组装而成的一类新型晶体多孔材料,具有比表面积大、孔隙率高、孔径均匀以及结构多样等优良特性,已被广泛应用于催化、吸附、传感、样品前处理以及色谱分离等领域。近年来MOFs在色谱分离领域的应用备受关注。与传统色谱固定相材料(如介孔二氧化硅、纳米粒子以及多孔层等)相比,MOFs具备灵活可调控的孔道尺寸和结构,能够实现对分子间相互作用的精确控制。此外,种类丰富多样的功能配体和拓扑结构拓宽了MOFs在分离领域的应用范围,有望实现更多类型复杂样品的分离分析。MOFs的这些独特优势使其非常适用于构建各类新型色谱固定相。迄今为止MOFs色谱固定相已展现出优异的分离效能,在色谱分离领域具有明显的优势和巨大的应用潜力。本文重点介绍了MOFs色谱固定相的构建方法及其在色谱分离应用中的最新研究进展,包括高效液相色谱(HPLC)、气相色谱(GC)以及毛细管电色谱(CEC)领域;针对现有的MOFs色谱固定相制备方法进行了归类总结,并简要探讨了各个方法的优缺点及发展方向;还总结了近年来MOFs色谱固定相的典型应用;最后,本文对MOFs色谱分离介质未来的研究重点及发展前景进行了展望,以期为先进MOFs色谱固定相的理性构建与应用提供参考。

叉叶苏铁和攀枝花苏铁对冰冻胁迫的生理生化响应

以叉叶苏铁和攀枝花苏铁为材料,比较2种苏铁的抗冻性,并探究其生理生化机制。结果表明:叉叶苏铁和攀枝花苏铁的低温半致死温度分别为-0.15℃和-2.05℃。冰冻处理后,叉叶苏铁的叶绿素含量比CK降低,但攀枝花苏铁的比CK升高;2种苏铁光合效率均比CK下降,丙二醛含量均比CK升高,但叉叶苏铁变化幅度更大;2种苏铁的抗氧化酶活性均表现出不同的变化模式;叉叶苏铁可溶性糖含量较CK下降,攀枝花苏铁的较CK升高,但2种苏铁脯氨酸含量均比CK提高。

聚多巴胺表面修饰毛细管电色谱的研究进展

毛细管电泳(CE)具有分离时间短、分离效率高、样品消耗量低等优点,在分离分析领域有着重要应用。原始的未修饰熔融石英毛细管只能提供阴极流向的电渗流和单一的电泳分离机制,分离性能有限,重复性较差,不能满足各类复杂样品体系尤其是中性和手性样品的分离需求。因此,有必要在CE中引入各类毛细管修饰策略,以拓展其实际应用潜力。贻贝仿生聚多巴胺(PDA)及其衍生材料因其简便易行的制备过程、优异的表面黏附性、良好的生物相容性、较强的二次反应活性和化学稳定性等优点,在催化、传感、水处理、样品前处理、生物医药以及CE分离等领域得到了广泛应用。PDA涂层的制备过程与物理吸附涂层一样简便,而表面黏附涂层的稳定性又可与共价键合涂层相媲美,因此非常适用于石英毛细管柱的修饰。更重要的是,PDA涂层较强的二次反应活性使其可作为反应平台进行灵活多样的二次表面修饰,便于构建多功能PDA涂层毛细管电色谱(CEC)固定相。基于这些突出优点,PDA涂层材料在CEC中的巨大应用价值逐渐得到了研究者们的广泛关注。该文首先对近3年有关PDA形成机理及PDA快速沉积表面化学的最新研究进展进行了总结,在此基础上综述了近10年PDA涂层材料在开管毛细管电色谱(OT-CEC)和毛细管电色谱整体柱中的最新应用。此外,还对PDA涂层材料在CEC中的发展方向进行了展望。

Effect on platelet aggregation activity: extracts from 31 Traditional Chinese Medicines with the property of activating blood and resolving stasis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti-platelet aggregation effects of extracts from 31 Traditional Chinese Medicines(TCM) with the property of activating blood and resolving stasis in terms of TCM theory.METHODS: The 31 TCMs extracts were prepared using water, 90% ethanol and ethyl acetate., and the effects on anti-platelet aggregation were tested on a platelet aggregation analyzer in vitro with adenosine 5'-diphosphate, bovine thrombin and arachi-donic acid(AA) as aggregation inducers, respectively. Aspirin was the positive control.RESULTS: Lots of the tested TCMs had inhibitory effects with concentration-dependent manner on platelet aggregations induced by various agonists.Especially, some of the TCMs such as Chuanxiong(Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis Yanhusuo) and Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) showed good anti-platelet aggregation effect similar or higher than that in positive control group.CONCLUSION: The study provided scientific references that several TCMs such as Chuanxiong(Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Yanhusuo(Rhizoma Corydalis Yanhusuo) and Danshen(Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae),possess the property of anti-platelet aggregation.

Investigation of interaction between the drug and cell membrane by capillary electrophoresis

By introducing cell membrane into electrophoretic buffer as pseudo-stationary phase,a novel capillary electrophoresis method was established to explore the interaction between drugs and cell membrane,where the interaction between citalopram and rabbit red blood cell membrane was used as an example. A series of concentrations of cell membrane were suspended into the running buffer by peak-shift method. The binding constant of citalopram to rabbit red blood cell membrane of 0.977 g-1·L was obtained after treatment of Scatchard plot. This method could provide not only a new way for the investigation on the interactions between drugs and cell membrane,but also a new approach for high throughput screening of the drug membrane permeability,biological activity,and evaluating drugs in vivo.

Establishment and application of a new method for the determination of kinetic parameters by plug-plug kinetic capillary electrophoresis (ppKCE)

A novel plug-plug kinetic capillary electrophoresis method was established, which can be used to si-multaneously determine the kinetic parameters kon and koff in interaction systems. The method is comparatively simple and some restrictions in conventional ppKCE methods can be effectively avoided. The requirements for resolution and detection sensitivity in this method are much lower than those of conventional ppKCE. The successful determination of the kinetic parameters and the binding constant Kb between citalopram and BSA showed availability of this method. The results were confirmed by us-ing the time ratio method. The application field of kinetic capillary electrophoresis can be expanded with this new method.

Electrostatic interaction mechanism on the separation of phenols by non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis

The electrostatic interaction between additive and analyte is of great importance to non-aqueous cap- illary electrophoresis(NACE)separation.Three tetraalkylammonium bromides and acetonitrile were applied as additives and running solvent respectively.The effect of alkyl chain length and concentra- tion of additive on electrostatic interactions was investigated by the separation of phenols.The sepa- ration ability was found to increase with decreasing alkyl chain length of the additive,and the resolu- tion values were increased with increasing additive concentration.The separation was seriously dete- riorated after a little amount of water was added in the running solution.Furthermore,the electrostatic interaction is strong under the conditions of low electron cloud density,weak steric hindrance and multi-interaction sites.Thus,the separation result can be predicted by theoretical analysis,which is helpful for the separation of other substances in NACE based on electrostatic interaction.