Theoretical Design of Defects as a Driving Force for Ion Transport in Li_(3)OBr Solid Electrolyte

Due to ever-increasing concerns about safety issues in using Li ionic batteries,solid electrolytes have extensively explored.The Li-rich antiperovskite Li_(3)OBr has been considered as a promising solid electrolyte candidate,but it still suffers challenges to achieve a high ionic conductivity owing to the high intrinsic symmetry of the crystal lattice.Herein,we presented a design strategy that introduces various point defects and grain boundaries to break the high lattice symmetry of Li_(3)OBr crystal,and their effect and microscopic mechanism of promoting the migration of Li-ion were explored theoretically.It has been found that Li_(i)are the dominant defects responsible for the fast Li-ion diffusion in bulk Li_(3)OBr and its surface,but they are easily trapped by the grain boundaries,leading to the annihilating of the Frenkel defect pair V'_(Li)+Li_(i),and thus limits the V'_(Li)diffusion at the grain boundaries.The V_(Br)defect near the grain boundaries can effectively drive V'_(Li)across the grain boundary,thereby converting the carrier of Li^(+)migration from Li,in the bulk and surface to V'_(Li)at the grain boundary,and thus improving the ionic conductivity in the whole Li_(3)OBr crystal.This work provides a comprehensive insight into the Li^(+)transport and conduction mechanism in the Li_(3)OBr electrolyte.It opens a new way of improving the conductivity for all-solid-state Li electrolyte material through the defect design.

Clinical efficacy of intradermal type Ⅰ collagen injections in treating skin photoaging in patients from high-altitude areas

BACKGROUND Photoaging,a result of chronic sun exposure,leads to skin damage and pigmentation changes.Traditional treatments may have limitations in high-altitude areas like Yunnan Province.Intradermal Col Ⅰ injections stimulate collagen production,potentially improving skin quality.This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of this treatment for photoaging.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intradermal typeΙcollagen(ColΙ)injection for treating photoaging.METHODS This prospective,self-controlled study investigated the impact of intradermal injections of ColΙon skin photodamage in 20 patients from the Yunnan Province.Total six treatment sessions were conducted every 4 wk±3 d.Before and after each treatment,facial skin characteristics were quantified using a VISIA skin detector.Skin thickness data were assessed using the ultrasound probes of the Dermalab skin detector.The Face-Q scale was used for subjective evaluation of the treatment effect by the patients.RESULTS The skin thickness of the right cheek consistently increased after each treatment session compared with baseline.The skin thickness of the left cheek significantly increased after the third through sixth treatment sessions compared with baseline.The skin thickness of the right zygomatic region increased after the second to sixth treatment sessions,whereas that of the left zygomatic region showed a significant increase after the fourth through sixth treatment sessions.The skin thickness of both temporal regions significantly increased after the fifth and sixth treatment sessions compared with baseline(P<0.05).These findings were also supported by skin ultrasound images.The feature count for the red areas and wrinkle feature count decreased following the treatment(P<0.05).VISIA assessments also revealed a decrease in the red areas after treatment.The Face-QSatisfaction with Facial Appearance Overall and Face-Q-Satisfaction with Skin scores significantly increased after each treatment session.The overall appearance of the patients improved after treatment.CONCLUSION Intradermal ColΙinjection improves photoaging,with higher patient satisfaction and fewer adverse reactions,and could be an effective treatment method for populations residing in high-altitude areas.

模态实在与模态非实在事件的逻辑

一个事件在一个世界中是模态实在的,如果它发生在这个世界或该世界的一个可能世界中;如果一个事件没有发生在一个世界或其任何一个可能世界中,则它在这个世界中是模态非实在的。我们称一个世界中所有模态非实在事件发生或存在的地方为模态黑洞。本文提出了模态实在事件和模态非实在事件的逻辑系统,并证明了系统的可靠性和完全性。

Application experience and research progress of different emerging technologies in plastic surgery

In the diagnosis and treatment of plastic surgery,there are structural processing problems,such as positioning,moving,and reconstructing complex threedimensional structures.Doctors operate according to their own experience,and the inability to accurately locate these structures is an important problem in plastic surgery.Emerging digital technologies such as virtual reality,augmented reality,and three-dimensional printing are widely used in the medical field,particularly in plastic surgery.This article reviews the development of these three technical concepts,introduces the technical elements and specific applications required in plastic surgery,summarizes the application status of the three technologies in plastic surgery,and summarizes prospects for future development.

Intraoperative management and early post-operative outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is frequently observed in aging end-stage liver disease (ESLD) patients who require orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). This situation is challenging for both the pa- tients and the medical staff. Methods: We retrospectively studied the case records of 26 ESLD patients with CAD who underwent OLT with total clamping of the inferior vena cava between 2014 and 2018. We analyzed the details of the pre-operative evaluation, intraoperative anesthetic management and post-operative prognosis of these patients. Results: All patients tolerated the anhepatic stage well. Post-reperfusion syndrome (PRS) was observed in 13 patients (50%) and 2 of them were severe but corrected well. ST-segment depression was frequently observed during the anhepatic stage and reperfusion stage. No mortality due to cardiac-related events occurred among the patients during hospitalization. OLT with the modi ed piggyback technique could successfully be performed in ESLD patients with mild and moderate CAD. Conclusions: A thorough evaluation and optimization of recipients, strict monitoring and optimized man-agement of circulation, knowledge of the complicated changes during OLT procedures, and strategies to ameliorate post-reperfusion syndrome favorite the outcomes.

正畸牙压力区牙周膜细胞自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1与微管相关蛋白2轻链3的表达

目的探究正畸牙压力区牙周膜细胞自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1与微管相关蛋白2轻链3(LC3Ⅱ)的表达。方法将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组和9个实验组,实验组正畸加力0.392 N近中移动右上第一磨牙,加力时间分别为15 min、30 min、1 h、2 h、4 h、12 h、1 d、3 d、7 d,空白对照组不做任何处理。处死大鼠后,行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察压力区牙周膜形态学变化、免疫组织化学染色检测Beclin-1与LC3Ⅱ的表达、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色计数破骨细胞。结果 HE染色显示,加力1 d后压力区牙周膜透明样变出现,并随加力时间延长逐渐加重。免疫组织化学染色显示,实验组Beclin-1和LC3Ⅱ表达均上调,1 h达峰值,随后逐渐降低,1 d时再次增强达一小峰值,后又回降,7 d时降低至基线水平。破骨细胞中也可见Beclin-1和LC3Ⅱ的表达。TRAP染色提示,加力1 d后破骨细胞数量开始增加。结论自噬或许通过介导牙周膜透明样变发生和影响破骨细胞生物学作用参与正畸牙压力区牙周膜改建的过程。

Sales Prediction and Product Recommendation Model Through User Behavior Analytics

The COVID-19 has brought us unprecedented difficulties and thousands of companies have closed down.The general public has responded to call of the government to stay at home.Offline retail stores have been severely affected.Therefore,in order to transform a traditional offline sales model to the B2C model and to improve the shopping experience,this study aims to utilize historical sales data for exploring,building sales prediction and recommendation models.A novel data science life-cycle and process model with Recency,Frequency,and Monetary(RFM)analysis method with the combination of various analytics algorithms are utilized in this study for sales prediction and product recommendation through user behavior analytics.RFM analysis method is utilized for segmenting customer levels in the company to identify the importance of each level.For the purchase prediction model,XGBoost and Random Forest machine learning algorithms are used to build prediction models and 5-fold Cross-Validation method is utilized to evaluate their.For the product recommendation model,the association rules theory and Apriori algorithm are used to complete basket analysis and recommend products according to the outcomes.Moreover,some suggestions are proposed for the marketing department according to the outcomes.Overall,the XGBoost model achieved better performance and better accuracy with F1-score around 0.789.The proposed recommendation model provides good recommendation results and sales combinations for improving sales and market responsiveness.Furthermore,it recommend specific products to new customers.This study offered a very practical and useful business transformation case that assists companies in similar situations to transform their business models.

复合固定化混合菌DP3去除邻苯二甲酸二丁酯

为了提高邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的降解效率,采用正交法开展了“包埋-吸附-交联”复合固定化法固定混合菌DP3制备条件的优化试验,研究了环境因素对固定化混合菌DP3降解DBP性能的影响,并对其去除DBP过程进行初步研究。结果表明,固定化混合菌DP3的最佳制备条件为聚乙烯醇(PVA)质量分数10%、海藻酸钠(SA)质量分数2%、活性炭(AC)质量分数3%、CaCl2质量分数1%,1 d内对DBP降解效果可达到98.84%,与游离态混合菌相比,其降解率提高35.11%;固定化混合菌DP3对不同浓度DBP去除效率显著优于空白凝胶球;其对模拟人工污水中DBP的降解率1 d即可达98.03%。当pH值在4—10、NaCl浓度在5—100 g·L^(−1)、底物浓度在10—200 mg·L^(−1)时,固定化混合菌DP3对底物表现优异的降解性能,降解率显著优于游离态;固定化混合菌DP3对底物降解符合一阶动力学方程,具有良好的重复稳定性,研究结果可为固定化混合菌在环境中降解DBP的应用提供理论依据。

Effect of pH on the Hydrothermal Synthesis of BN Nanocrystals

Boron nitride （BN） has been synthesized using hydrothermal synthesis method. The experimental results showed that the pH value of the reaction solution has an important effect on the yield and phases of BN samples. As the pH value decreased, the content of cBN increased and the yield improved. The increase in cBN content is resulted from the conversion of oBN into cBN under hydrothermal condition, and the growth of cBN nanocrystals may due to the decrease in the reaction speed, thus the crystalline perfection of BN improved when the pH value decreased.

Synthesis,Characterization and Non-linear Optical Properties of a New Organic Dye:DEAHAS

Trans-4- (N-2-hydroxyethyl-N-ethyl amino)-4ˊ-(diethyl amino)stilbene (DEAHAS) has been synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, IR and elemental analysis. Linear absorption, single-photon induced fluorescence and two-photon induced fluorescence are experimentally studied. DEAHAS has an effective two-photon absorption cross-sections ofσ2 = 1.19×10-46 cm4·s/photon at 532 nm by using an open aperture Z-scan technique and exhibits a strong two-photon induced blue fluorescence of 430 nm when pumped with 800 nm laser irradiation.

Two-photon Up-conversion Luminescent Properties of HMASPS and HEASPS in Three Different Polymer Matrices

Three dye-doped polymer rods in different matrices were synthesized in which weak hydrogen bond, strong hydrogen bond and covalent bond existed between the dye and the polymer chain. And the two-photon up-conversion luminescent properties of HMASPS and HEASPS1 in three different microenvironments were studied.

14.1 W continuous-wave dual-end diode-pumped Er:Lu_(2)O_(3)laser at 2.85μm

We present our efforts towards power scaling of Er:Lu_(2)O_(3)lasers at 2.85μm.By applying a dual-end diode-pumped resonator scheme,we achieve an output power of 14.1 W at an absorbed pump power of 59.7 W with a slope efficiency of 26%.In a single-end pumped resonator scheme,an output power of 10.1 W is reached under 41.9 W of absorbed pump power.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first single crystalline mid-infrared rare-earth-based solid-state laser with an output power exceeding 10 W at room temperature.

Quantum dot-enabled infrared hyperspectral imaging with single-pixel detection

Near-infrared(NIR)hyperspectral imaging is a powerful technique that enables the capture of three-dimensional(3D)spectra-spatial information within the NIR spectral range,offering a wide array of applications.However,the high cost associated with InGaAs focal plane array(FPA)has impeded the widespread adoption of NIR hyperspectral imaging.Addressing this challenge,in this study,we adopt an alternative approach—single-pixel detection for NIR hyperspectral imaging.Our investigation reveals that single-pixel detection outperforms conventional FPA,delivering a superior signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)for both spectral and imaging reconstruction.To implement this strategy,we leverage self-assembled colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)and a digital micromirror device(DMD)for NIR spectral and spatial information multiplexing,complemented by single-pixel detection for simultaneous spectral and image reconstruction.Our experimental results demonstrate successful NIR hyperspectral imaging with a detection window about 600 nm and an average spectral resolution of 8.6 nm with a pixel resolution of 128×128.The resulting spectral and spatial data align well with reference instruments,which validates the effectiveness of our approach.By circumventing the need for expensive and bulky FPA and wavelength selection components,our solution shows promise in advancing affordable and accessible NIR hyperspectral imaging technologies,thereby expanding the range of potential applications.

Electrically tunable phase-change metasurface for dynamic infrared thermal camouflage

Dynamic infrared thermal camouflage technology has attracted extensive attention due to its ability to thermally conceal targets in various environmental backgrounds by tuning thermal emission.The use of phase change materials(PCMs)offers numerous advantages,including zero static power,rapid modulation rate,and large emissivity tuning range.However,existing PCM solutions still encounter several practical application challenges,such as temperature uniformity,amorphization achievement,and adaptability to different environments.In this paper,we present the design of an electrically controlled metal-insulator-metal thermal emitter based on a PCM metasurface,and numerically investigate its emissivity tunability,physical mechanisms,heat conduction,and thermal camouflage performance across different backgrounds.Furthermore,the influence of the quench rate on amorphization was studied to provide a guidance for evaluating and optimizing device structures.Simulation results reveal that the thermal emitter exhibits a wide spectral emissivity tuning range between 8 and 14μm,considerable quench rates for achieving amorphization,and the ability to provide thermal camouflage across a wide background temperature range.Therefore,it is anticipated that this contribution will promote the development of PCM-based thermal emitters for practical dynamic infrared thermal camouflage technology with broad applications in both civilian and military domains.

Beam-focused SH wave transducer based on YSr_(3)(PO_(4))_(3)piezoelectric crystal for high temperature structural health monitoring

Guided-wave-based structural health monitoring(SHM)technology is of great importance for real-time inspection of high-temperature structures.The fundamental shear horizontal(SH_(0))wave is believed to be an ideal wave mode for developing SHM systems due to its nondispersive characteristics.However,currently very limited SH_(0)wave transducers can be used for SHM of high-temperature structures due to the limitation of materials.Herein,a novel YSr_(3)(PO_(4))_(3)(YSP)piezoelectric crystal in the space group I43d was grown.Experiments show that the face-shear piezoelectric coefficient d_(14)(d_(14)=d_(25)=d_(36))is 9.7 pC/N and varies little from 25 to 800℃.Then a beam-focused SH_(0)wave piezoelectric transducer is developed based on face-shear-mode YSP wafers.Both finite element simulations and experimental results indicate that the YSP-based transducer can excite pure SH_(0)wave and focus the wave energy along two opposite main directions.Especially,the obtained SH_(0)wave beam is highly concentrated with a small divergence angle of less than 30°,originating from the high working frequency range from 300 to 400 kHz.The excellent temperature stability of the as-grown YSP crystal makes the proposed SH_(0)wave piezoelectric transducer very suitable for SHM of high-temperature structures.

Exploitable magnetic anisotropy and half-metallicity controls in multiferroic van der Waals heterostructure

Two-dimensional(2D)XY ferromagnets have drawn pronounced interest in recent years,but the characteristic of easy-plane magnetization restricts their application in spintronics to some extent.Here,we propose a general strategy for constructing multiferroic van der Waals heterostructures,aiming to achieve electrical control over the magnetic anisotropy in 2D XY ferromagnets.The validity of this strategy is verified by the heterostructure composed of ferromagnetic VBi_(2)Te_(4) and ferroelectric In_(2)Se_(3) monolayers.By manipulating the polarized states of In_(2)Se_(3),the VBi_(2)Te_(4) can be reversibly transformed between 2D XY and Heisenberg ferromagnets,characterized by the switching of easy magnetization axis between in-plane and out-of-plane directions.More interestingly,accompanied by the changes in magnetic anisotropy,the VBi_(2)Te_(4) also demonstrates a phase transition from a semiconductor to a half-metal state,which can be ascribed to the band alignment and interfacial charge transfer.The switchable magnetic and electronic properties enable the heterostructure to be utilized in nonvolatile memory and logic devices.Additionally,the half-metallicity and magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of the heterostructure can be effectively tuned by biaxial strain.These findings not only pave the way for electrically nonvolatile control of 2D XY ferromagnet,but also facilitate the development of interfacial magnetoelectric physics and applications.

2,000,000 fps 2D and 3D imaging of periodic or reproducible scenes with single-pixel detectors

Single-pixel imaging(SPI)can capture 2D images of the target with only a nonpixelated detector,showing promising application potential in nonvisible spectral imaging,low-photon imaging,lidar,and other extreme imaging fields.However,the imaging mechanism of traditional SPI makes it difficult to achieve high imaging speed,which is a primary barrier for its widespread application.To address this issue,in this work,we propose and demonstrate a novel high-speed 2D and 3D imaging scheme based on traditional SPI,termed time-resolved single-pixel imaging(TRSPI).Previous SPI works mainly utilize correlation between a stable target and iterative illumination masks to reconstruct a single image.In TRSPI,by further exploiting correlation information between a dynamic scene and every static mask,we can reconstruct a series of time-varying images of the dynamic scene,given the dynamic scene is repetitive or reproducible.Experimentally,we conducted 2D and 3D imaging on a rotating chopper with a speed of 4800 revolutions per minute(rpm),and imaging speeds up to 2,000,000 fps.It is believed that this technology not only opens up a novel application direction for SPI,but also will provide a powerful solution for high-speed imaging.

Nd-doped structurally disordered YSr_(3)(PO_(4))_(3) single crystal:Growth and laser performances

Disordered-structure crystals have drawn increasing attention as promising ultrashort laser material hosts owing to their broad linewidth.Herein,a novel disordered Nd:YSr_(3)(PO_(4))_(3)(Nd:YSP)crystal with good quality was successfully grown via the Czochralski pulling technique.The absorption and fluorescence spectra of the Nd:YSP single crystal were recorded at ambient temperature.The maximum absorption cross section for Nd:YSP single crystal is found to be approximately 3.89×10^(-20) cm^(2).The stimulated emission cross section for Nd:YSP crystal at~1060 nm was determined to be 7.64×10^(20) cm^(2) with the full width half maximum value of 22 nm.The fluorescence lifetime of the Nd3+ions in the Nd:YSP crystal is fitted to be 288μs.Diode-pumped continuous-wave laser operation is firstly realized at approximately 1060 nm.The maximum output power value from the Nd:YSP crystal is 714 mW,corresponding to a slope efficiency of-12.8%.The results indicate that the Nd:YSP crystal with a disordered structure may be a promising disordered laser host.

The electromechanical features of LiNbO_(3) crystal for potential high temperature piezoelectric applications

Lithium niobate(LiNbO_(3),LN)crystal is a multi-functional material with favorable piezoelectric,nonlinear optical and electro-optic properties.In this study,the electromechanical properties of the radial extensional(RE)and the thickness extensional(TE)modes of the congruent LN are studied and the temperature dependent behaviors are revealed.The RE mode electromechanical coupling factors(kp)for the Y-and Z-oriented discs are calculated and found to be 3.8%and 24.7%,respectively,which are nearly the same as the experimental results of 3.8%and 25.2%,respectively.The maximum RE and thickness shear(TS)modes electromechanical coupling factors are obtained to be 47.6%and 68.5%for the Yx/25
and Yx/167
crystal cuts,respectively.The LN crystal possesses good temperature stability of the electromechanical coupling factors(RE and TE modes)from 20℃ to 500℃,where the variations of kp and kt for the Y-oriented discs are<8.0%and<1.8%,respectively.

Preparation and characterization of β-FeOOH-coated sand and its adsorption of Cr（VI） from aqueous solutions

Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to explore the adsorption of Cr（VI） in aqueous solutions by fl-FeOOH-coated sand. We investigated the key factors which affected the adsorption process such as adsorbent dosage, initial pH, initial Cr（VI） ion concentration, contact time and temperature. The uptake of Cr（VI） was very rapid and 44.3%, 51.6%, 58.9% of the adsorption happened during the first 180minutes at 293K, 303K and 313K, respectively. The pseudo-second-order rate equation successfully described the adsorption kinetics. To study the adsorption isotherm, two equilibrium models, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, were adopted. At 293K, 303K and 313K, the adsorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir isotherm were 0.060, 0.070 and 0.076 mg Cr（VI） per gram of the adsorbent, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters such as the change of energy, enthalpy and entropy were calculated using the equilibrium constants. The negative value of AGO and the positive value of △H^0 showed that the adsorption of Cr（VI） in aqueous solutions by β-FeOOH-coated sand was spontaneous, endothermic and occurred by physisorption.