Extraordinary transmission and reflection in PT-symmetric two-segment-connected triangular optical waveguide networks with perfect and broken integer waveguide length ratios

By adjusting the waveguide length ratio, we study the extraordinary characteristics of electromagnetic waves propagating in one-dimensional(1D) parity-time-symmetric(PT-symmetric) two-segment-connected triangular optical waveguide networks with perfect and broken integer waveguide length ratios respectively. It is found that the number and the corresponding frequencies of the extremum spontaneous PT-symmetric breaking points are dependent on the waveguide length ratio. Near the extremum breaking points, ultrastrong extraordinary transmissions are created and the maximal can arrive at, respectively, 2.4079 × 10^14 and 4.3555 × 10^13 in both kinds of networks. However, bidirectional invisibility can only be produced by the networks with broken integer waveguide length ratio, whose mechanism is explained in detail from the perspective of photonic band structure. The findings of this work can be useful optical characteristic control in the fabrication of PT-symmetric optical waveguide networks, which possesses great potential in designing optical amplifiers,optical energy saver devices, and special optical filters.

Longevity Chance

Britton Chance pursued his research and sailing until his death at age 97.His 100th anniversary was memorialized in this paperfrom longevity viewpoint.His ielong work was very creative.Hislife was very colorful.His aging was very sucesful.He has lived a longevity.

PHOTOBIOMODULATION-MEDIATED PATHW AY DIAGNOSTICS

Cellular pathways are ordinarily diagnosed with pathway inhibitors,related gene regulation,or fuorescent protein markers.They are also suggested to be diagnosed with pathway activation modulation of photobiomod ulation(PBM)in this paper.A PBM on a biosystem function depends on whether the biosystem is in its function-specific homeostasis(FSH).An FSH,a negative feedback response for the function to be performed perfectly,is maintained by its FSH-essential subfunctions and its FSH-non-essential subfunctions(FNSs).A function in its FSH or far from its FSH is called a normal or dysfunctional function.A direct PBM may self-adaptatively modulate a dysfunctional function until it is normal so that it can be used to discover the optimum pathways for an FSH to be established.An indirect PBM may self adaptatively modulate a dysfunctional FNS of a normal function until the FNS is normal,and the normal function is then upgraded so that it can be used to discover the redundant pathways for a normal function to be upgraded.

Extraordinary propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in one-dimensional anti-PT-symmetric ring optical waveguide network

In this paper, we design a one-dimensional anti-PT-symmetric ring optical waveguide network(1 D APTSPROWN).Using the three-material network equation and the generalized Floquet–Bloch theorem, we investigate its photonic mode distribution, and observe weak extremum spontaneous anti-PT-symmetric breaking points(WBPs) and strong extremum spontaneous anti-PT-symmetric breaking points(SBPs). Then the transmission spectrum is obtained by using the threematerial network equation and the generalized eigenfunction method. The 1 D APTSPROWN is found to generate ultrastrong transmission near SBPs and ultra-weak transmission near WBPs and SBPs, with the maximal and minimal transmissions being 4.08× 1012 and 7.08× 10-52, respectively. The maximal transmission has the same order of magnitude as the best-reported result. It is not only because the distribution of photonic modes generated by the 1 D APTSROWN results in the coupling resonance and anti-resonance, but also because the 1 D APTSROWN composed of materials whose real parts of refractive indices are positive and negative has two kinds of phase effects, which results in the resonance and antiresonance effects in the same kind of photonic modes. This demonstrates that the anti-PT-symmetric and PT-symmetric optical waveguide networks are quite different, which leads to a more in-depth understanding of anti-PT-symmetric and PT-symmetric structures. This work has the potential for paving a new approach to designing single photon emitters,optical amplifiers, and high-efficiency optical energy saver devices.