Background:Calmodulin(CaM)is one of the most important Ca^(2+)signaling receptors because it regulates diverse physiological and biochemical reactions in plants.CaM functions by interacting with CaM-binding proteins(C...Background:Calmodulin(CaM)is one of the most important Ca^(2+)signaling receptors because it regulates diverse physiological and biochemical reactions in plants.CaM functions by interacting with CaM-binding proteins(CaMBPs)to modulate Ca^(2+)signaling.IQ domain(IQD)proteins are plant-specific CaMBPs that bind to CaM by their specific CaM binding sites.Results:In this study,we identified 102 GhIQD genes in the Gossypium hirsutum L.genome.The GhIQD gene family was classified into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),and we then mapped the GhIQD genes to the G.hirsutum L.chromosomes.Moreover,we found that 100 of the 102 GhIQD genes resulted from segmental duplication events,indicating that segmental duplication is the main force driving GhIQD gene expansion.Gene expression pattern analysis showed that a total of 89 GhIQD genes expressed in the elongation stage and second cell wall biosynthesis stage of the fiber cells,suggesting that GhIQD genes may contribute to fiber cell development in cotton.In addition,we found that 20 selected GhIQD genes were highly expressed in various tissues.Exogenous application of MeJA significantly enhanced the expression levels of GhIQD genes.Conclusions:Our study shows that GhIQD genes are involved in fiber cell development in cotton and are also widely induced by MeJA.Thw results provide bases to systematically characterize the evolution and biological functions of GhIQD genes,as well as clues to breed better cotton varieties in the future.展开更多
Background:Cotton is the world’s largest and most important source of renewable natural fiber.BEL1-like homeodomain(BLH)genes are ubiquitous in plants and have been reported to contribute to plant development.However...Background:Cotton is the world’s largest and most important source of renewable natural fiber.BEL1-like homeodomain(BLH)genes are ubiquitous in plants and have been reported to contribute to plant development.However,there is no comprehensive characterization of this gene family in cotton.In this study,32,16,and 18 BLH genes were identified from the G.hirsutum,G.arboreum,and G.raimondii genome,respectively.In addition,we also studied the phylogenetic relationships,chromosomal location,gene structure,and gene expression patterns of the BLH genes.Results:The results indicated that these BLH proteins were divided into seven distinct groups by phylogenetic analysis.Among them,25 members were assigned to 15 chromosomes.Furthermore,gene structure,chromosomal location,conserved motifs,and expression level of BLH genes were investigated in G.hirsutum.Expression profiles analysis showed that four genes(GhBLH1_3,GhBLH1_4,GhBLH1_5,and GhBLH1_6)from BLH1 subfamily were highly expressed during the fiber cell elongation period.The expression levels of these genes were significantly induced by gibberellic acid and brassinosteroid,but not auxin.Exogenous application of gibberellic acid significantly enhanced GhBLH1_3,GhBLH1_4,and GhBLH1_5 transcripts.Expression levels of GhBLH1_3 and GhBLH1_4 genes were significantly increased under brassinosteroid treatment.Conclusions:The BLH gene family plays a very important role in many biological processes during plant growth and development.This study deepens our understanding of the role of the GhBLH1 gene involved in fiber development and will help us in breeding better cotton varieties in the future.展开更多
独脚金内酯(strigolactones,SLs)是一种新型植物激素,在植物生长发育中发挥重要作用.目前在棉花中对SL研究仍较少,探究SL影响棉花生长发育及纤维品质形成的功能和机制具有重要意义.SMXL(SUPPRESSOR OF MAX21-like)是独角金内酯信号通路...独脚金内酯(strigolactones,SLs)是一种新型植物激素,在植物生长发育中发挥重要作用.目前在棉花中对SL研究仍较少,探究SL影响棉花生长发育及纤维品质形成的功能和机制具有重要意义.SMXL(SUPPRESSOR OF MAX21-like)是独角金内酯信号通路的关键基因,充当SL信号转导的阻遏物,关于棉花SMXL基因的研究尚未见报道.本文以陆地棉、海岛棉、亚洲棉及雷蒙德氏棉全基因组为基础,运用生物信息学方法,根据SMXL蛋白序列结构域特征鉴定到16个GhSMXL基因、16个GbSMXL基因、8个GaSMXL基因和8个GrSMXL基因.系统发育分析发现SMXL分为4个亚家族:SMXL-Ⅰ(SMXL1,2),SMXL-Ⅱ(SMXL6,7,8),SMXL-Ⅲ(SMXL3)和SMXL-Ⅳ(SMXL4,5).对SMXL的进化特征分析发现,位于同一亚组间的SMXL成员具有相似的基因结构与蛋白结构.分析发现,片段复制是SMXL成员在棉花中扩张的主要方式.组织表达谱分析显示,在陆地棉中GhSMXL1-A,GhSMXL1-D,GhSMXL7-1-A,GhSMXL7-1-D,GhSMXL8-1-A,GhSMXL8-1-D在根、茎、叶、纤维及胚珠中优势表达;在亚洲棉中GaSMXL8-1,GaSMXL1,GaSMXL7在根、茎、叶和胚珠中优势表达.这些优势表达基因多数位于SMXL-Ⅰ,SMXL-Ⅱ亚家族,推测位于SMXL-Ⅰ,SMXL-Ⅱ亚家族中的多数基因可能是陆地棉或亚洲棉中在根、茎、叶和胚珠发育中发挥功能的关键基因.胁迫表达谱分析显示:SMXL-Ⅱ和SMXL-Ⅲ亚家族的基因(GhSMXL8-1-A,GhSMXL8-1-D,GhSMXL8-2-A,GhSMXL8-2-D,GhSMXL3-1-A,GhSMXL3-1-D,GhSMXL3-2-A,GhSMXL3-3-A和GhSMXL3-3-D)在盐、旱、低温、高温不同的胁迫模式下具有不同的响应方式,同一基因可能同时响应两种不同胁迫方式,例如GhSMXL8-1-A响应低温胁迫同时也响应盐胁迫,推测这些基因可能调控陆地棉非生物胁迫的响应.本研究为此后深入研究棉花SMXL基因功能奠定了基础.展开更多
基金the State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Open Fund(grant numbers CB2019A03 and CB2018A07)comprehensive Scientific research fund project of Xianyang Normal University(XSYK20002)+2 种基金the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Shaanxi Province(S202010722071)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 31872175)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(grant number 2019NY-103).
文摘Background:Calmodulin(CaM)is one of the most important Ca^(2+)signaling receptors because it regulates diverse physiological and biochemical reactions in plants.CaM functions by interacting with CaM-binding proteins(CaMBPs)to modulate Ca^(2+)signaling.IQ domain(IQD)proteins are plant-specific CaMBPs that bind to CaM by their specific CaM binding sites.Results:In this study,we identified 102 GhIQD genes in the Gossypium hirsutum L.genome.The GhIQD gene family was classified into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),and we then mapped the GhIQD genes to the G.hirsutum L.chromosomes.Moreover,we found that 100 of the 102 GhIQD genes resulted from segmental duplication events,indicating that segmental duplication is the main force driving GhIQD gene expansion.Gene expression pattern analysis showed that a total of 89 GhIQD genes expressed in the elongation stage and second cell wall biosynthesis stage of the fiber cells,suggesting that GhIQD genes may contribute to fiber cell development in cotton.In addition,we found that 20 selected GhIQD genes were highly expressed in various tissues.Exogenous application of MeJA significantly enhanced the expression levels of GhIQD genes.Conclusions:Our study shows that GhIQD genes are involved in fiber cell development in cotton and are also widely induced by MeJA.Thw results provide bases to systematically characterize the evolution and biological functions of GhIQD genes,as well as clues to breed better cotton varieties in the future.
基金the State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Open Fund(CB2019A03,2019A09 and CB2020A12)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872175)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GK202002005 and GK202001004)Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2018JZ3006 and 2019JQ-062),Shaanxi Youth Entrusted Talents Program(20190205),Shaanxi Postdoctoral Project(2018BSHYDZZ76)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2019-2021QNRC001).
文摘Background:Cotton is the world’s largest and most important source of renewable natural fiber.BEL1-like homeodomain(BLH)genes are ubiquitous in plants and have been reported to contribute to plant development.However,there is no comprehensive characterization of this gene family in cotton.In this study,32,16,and 18 BLH genes were identified from the G.hirsutum,G.arboreum,and G.raimondii genome,respectively.In addition,we also studied the phylogenetic relationships,chromosomal location,gene structure,and gene expression patterns of the BLH genes.Results:The results indicated that these BLH proteins were divided into seven distinct groups by phylogenetic analysis.Among them,25 members were assigned to 15 chromosomes.Furthermore,gene structure,chromosomal location,conserved motifs,and expression level of BLH genes were investigated in G.hirsutum.Expression profiles analysis showed that four genes(GhBLH1_3,GhBLH1_4,GhBLH1_5,and GhBLH1_6)from BLH1 subfamily were highly expressed during the fiber cell elongation period.The expression levels of these genes were significantly induced by gibberellic acid and brassinosteroid,but not auxin.Exogenous application of gibberellic acid significantly enhanced GhBLH1_3,GhBLH1_4,and GhBLH1_5 transcripts.Expression levels of GhBLH1_3 and GhBLH1_4 genes were significantly increased under brassinosteroid treatment.Conclusions:The BLH gene family plays a very important role in many biological processes during plant growth and development.This study deepens our understanding of the role of the GhBLH1 gene involved in fiber development and will help us in breeding better cotton varieties in the future.
文摘独脚金内酯(strigolactones,SLs)是一种新型植物激素,在植物生长发育中发挥重要作用.目前在棉花中对SL研究仍较少,探究SL影响棉花生长发育及纤维品质形成的功能和机制具有重要意义.SMXL(SUPPRESSOR OF MAX21-like)是独角金内酯信号通路的关键基因,充当SL信号转导的阻遏物,关于棉花SMXL基因的研究尚未见报道.本文以陆地棉、海岛棉、亚洲棉及雷蒙德氏棉全基因组为基础,运用生物信息学方法,根据SMXL蛋白序列结构域特征鉴定到16个GhSMXL基因、16个GbSMXL基因、8个GaSMXL基因和8个GrSMXL基因.系统发育分析发现SMXL分为4个亚家族:SMXL-Ⅰ(SMXL1,2),SMXL-Ⅱ(SMXL6,7,8),SMXL-Ⅲ(SMXL3)和SMXL-Ⅳ(SMXL4,5).对SMXL的进化特征分析发现,位于同一亚组间的SMXL成员具有相似的基因结构与蛋白结构.分析发现,片段复制是SMXL成员在棉花中扩张的主要方式.组织表达谱分析显示,在陆地棉中GhSMXL1-A,GhSMXL1-D,GhSMXL7-1-A,GhSMXL7-1-D,GhSMXL8-1-A,GhSMXL8-1-D在根、茎、叶、纤维及胚珠中优势表达;在亚洲棉中GaSMXL8-1,GaSMXL1,GaSMXL7在根、茎、叶和胚珠中优势表达.这些优势表达基因多数位于SMXL-Ⅰ,SMXL-Ⅱ亚家族,推测位于SMXL-Ⅰ,SMXL-Ⅱ亚家族中的多数基因可能是陆地棉或亚洲棉中在根、茎、叶和胚珠发育中发挥功能的关键基因.胁迫表达谱分析显示:SMXL-Ⅱ和SMXL-Ⅲ亚家族的基因(GhSMXL8-1-A,GhSMXL8-1-D,GhSMXL8-2-A,GhSMXL8-2-D,GhSMXL3-1-A,GhSMXL3-1-D,GhSMXL3-2-A,GhSMXL3-3-A和GhSMXL3-3-D)在盐、旱、低温、高温不同的胁迫模式下具有不同的响应方式,同一基因可能同时响应两种不同胁迫方式,例如GhSMXL8-1-A响应低温胁迫同时也响应盐胁迫,推测这些基因可能调控陆地棉非生物胁迫的响应.本研究为此后深入研究棉花SMXL基因功能奠定了基础.
