混合动力低地板车采用氢燃料电池为清洁能源,冷却风机是确保其正常工作的关键部件之一。冷却风机噪声作为混合动力低地板车静置乃至低速运行时的主导声源,其减振降噪是混合动力低地板车噪声控制的关键所在。为探寻其低噪声设计方法或高...混合动力低地板车采用氢燃料电池为清洁能源,冷却风机是确保其正常工作的关键部件之一。冷却风机噪声作为混合动力低地板车静置乃至低速运行时的主导声源,其减振降噪是混合动力低地板车噪声控制的关键所在。为探寻其低噪声设计方法或高效降噪措施方案,基于试验测试研究,系统研究和对比分析冷却风机在不同运行工况(转速、风机数量、栅格影响)和减振降噪控制措施(不同降噪处理方案)下的辐射噪声响应特性。结果表明:冷却风机噪声呈现为显著的纯音加宽中频频谱特性,纯音成分由旋转基频在内的前3阶旋转频率主导,宽中频噪声由风机气动和箱体振动声辐射噪声组合而成;随着风机转速增加,旋转基频和A计权总声压级线性增长。在保证冷却效果的前提下,尽量降低风机转速是控制其噪声响应的有效手段。风机数量减半,辐射噪声仅下降2 d B(A),说明箱体振动声辐射对总辐射噪声影响显著;栅格对辐射噪声影响很小,去掉栅格,辐射噪声仅降低0.4 d B(A);最佳的降噪方案为在底板、侧板和边板粘贴降噪和吸声材料,可降低噪声2.6 d B(A)。相关测试分析结果对冷却风机噪声和车外噪声控制具有一定的参考价值。展开更多
我国高速铁路线路分布十分广阔,季节更替明显,温度变化显著,而温度变化将对高速列车层合板的振动声辐射产生影响。针对这一问题,基于混合有限元-边界元方法,建立温度场下的高速列车层合板振动声辐射预测模型,分析温度变化对高速列车层...我国高速铁路线路分布十分广阔,季节更替明显,温度变化显著,而温度变化将对高速列车层合板的振动声辐射产生影响。针对这一问题,基于混合有限元-边界元方法,建立温度场下的高速列车层合板振动声辐射预测模型,分析温度变化对高速列车层合板振动声辐射的影响规律。结果表明:随着温度升高,层合板各阶固有频率逐渐降低。在不考虑温度对阻尼特性影响的情况下,温度对230 Hz^340 Hz范围内的振动和声功率级影响显著,随着温度升高,振动位移和声功率级逐渐增大。当温度从-50°C升高到50°C时,该频率范围内的声功率级峰值增大11 d B,即每增加10°C,该显著峰值声功率级增大约1.1 d B。该温度范围内的层合板声功率级总值随着温度的增大呈非线性增长,从-50°C升高到50°C时,声功率级总值增大约4 d B。相关结论可为在考虑温度影响条件下的车体低噪声设计提供参考。展开更多
The current researches of wheel vibration and sound radiation mainly focus on the low noise damped wheel. Compared with the traditional research, the relationship between the sound and wheel/rail contact is difficulty...The current researches of wheel vibration and sound radiation mainly focus on the low noise damped wheel. Compared with the traditional research, the relationship between the sound and wheel/rail contact is difficulty and worth studying. However, there are few studies on the effect of wheel load on wheel vibration and sound radiation. In this paper, laboratory test carried out in a semi-anechoic room investigates the effect of wheel load on wheel natural frequencies, damping ratios, wheel vibration and its sound radiation, The laboratory test results show that the vibration of the wheel and total sound radiation decrease significantly with the increase of the wheel load from 0 t to 1 t. The sound energy level of the wheel decreases by 3.7 dB. When the wheel load exceeds 1 t. the attenuation trend of the vibration and sound radiation of the wheel becomes slow. And the increase of the wheel load causes the growth of the wheel natural frequencies and the mode damping ratios. Based on the finite element method （FEM） and boundary element method （BEM）, a rolling noise prediction model is developed to calculate the influence of wheel load on the wheel vibration and sound radiation. In the calculation, the used wheel/rail excitation is the measured wheel/rail roughness. The calculated results show that the sound power level of the wheel decreases by about 0.4 dB when the wheel load increases by 0.5 t. The sound radiation of the wheel decreases slowly with wheel load increase, and this conclusion is verified by the field test. This research systematically studies the cffcct of wheel load on wheel vibration and sound radiation, gives the relationship between the sound and wheel/rail contact and analyzes the reasons, therefore, it provides a reference for further research.展开更多
文摘混合动力低地板车采用氢燃料电池为清洁能源,冷却风机是确保其正常工作的关键部件之一。冷却风机噪声作为混合动力低地板车静置乃至低速运行时的主导声源,其减振降噪是混合动力低地板车噪声控制的关键所在。为探寻其低噪声设计方法或高效降噪措施方案,基于试验测试研究,系统研究和对比分析冷却风机在不同运行工况(转速、风机数量、栅格影响)和减振降噪控制措施(不同降噪处理方案)下的辐射噪声响应特性。结果表明:冷却风机噪声呈现为显著的纯音加宽中频频谱特性,纯音成分由旋转基频在内的前3阶旋转频率主导,宽中频噪声由风机气动和箱体振动声辐射噪声组合而成;随着风机转速增加,旋转基频和A计权总声压级线性增长。在保证冷却效果的前提下,尽量降低风机转速是控制其噪声响应的有效手段。风机数量减半,辐射噪声仅下降2 d B(A),说明箱体振动声辐射对总辐射噪声影响显著;栅格对辐射噪声影响很小,去掉栅格,辐射噪声仅降低0.4 d B(A);最佳的降噪方案为在底板、侧板和边板粘贴降噪和吸声材料,可降低噪声2.6 d B(A)。相关测试分析结果对冷却风机噪声和车外噪声控制具有一定的参考价值。
文摘我国高速铁路线路分布十分广阔,季节更替明显,温度变化显著,而温度变化将对高速列车层合板的振动声辐射产生影响。针对这一问题,基于混合有限元-边界元方法,建立温度场下的高速列车层合板振动声辐射预测模型,分析温度变化对高速列车层合板振动声辐射的影响规律。结果表明:随着温度升高,层合板各阶固有频率逐渐降低。在不考虑温度对阻尼特性影响的情况下,温度对230 Hz^340 Hz范围内的振动和声功率级影响显著,随着温度升高,振动位移和声功率级逐渐增大。当温度从-50°C升高到50°C时,该频率范围内的声功率级峰值增大11 d B,即每增加10°C,该显著峰值声功率级增大约1.1 d B。该温度范围内的层合板声功率级总值随着温度的增大呈非线性增长,从-50°C升高到50°C时,声功率级总值增大约4 d B。相关结论可为在考虑温度影响条件下的车体低噪声设计提供参考。
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program of China(Grant No.2009BAG12A01-B06)National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,Grant No.2011AA11A103-2-2)+3 种基金Funds for Innovation Research Team of Ministry of Education of China(Grant Nos.IRT1178,SWJTU12ZT01)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Science of China(Grant No.SWJTU12ZT01)2015 Doctoral Innovation Funds of Southwest Jiaotong University of ChinaProject of State Key Laboratory of Traction Power of China(Grant No.2011TPL_T05)
文摘The current researches of wheel vibration and sound radiation mainly focus on the low noise damped wheel. Compared with the traditional research, the relationship between the sound and wheel/rail contact is difficulty and worth studying. However, there are few studies on the effect of wheel load on wheel vibration and sound radiation. In this paper, laboratory test carried out in a semi-anechoic room investigates the effect of wheel load on wheel natural frequencies, damping ratios, wheel vibration and its sound radiation, The laboratory test results show that the vibration of the wheel and total sound radiation decrease significantly with the increase of the wheel load from 0 t to 1 t. The sound energy level of the wheel decreases by 3.7 dB. When the wheel load exceeds 1 t. the attenuation trend of the vibration and sound radiation of the wheel becomes slow. And the increase of the wheel load causes the growth of the wheel natural frequencies and the mode damping ratios. Based on the finite element method （FEM） and boundary element method （BEM）, a rolling noise prediction model is developed to calculate the influence of wheel load on the wheel vibration and sound radiation. In the calculation, the used wheel/rail excitation is the measured wheel/rail roughness. The calculated results show that the sound power level of the wheel decreases by about 0.4 dB when the wheel load increases by 0.5 t. The sound radiation of the wheel decreases slowly with wheel load increase, and this conclusion is verified by the field test. This research systematically studies the cffcct of wheel load on wheel vibration and sound radiation, gives the relationship between the sound and wheel/rail contact and analyzes the reasons, therefore, it provides a reference for further research.
