Methylene blue intercalated vanadium oxide with synergistic energy storage mechanism for highly efficient aqueous zinc ion batteries

With the rise of aqueous multivalent rechargeable batteries,inorganic-organic hybrid cathodes have attracted more and more attention due to the complement of each other’s advantages.Herein,a strategy of designing hybrid cathode is adopted for high efficient aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs).Methylene blue(MB)intercalated vanadium oxide(HVO-MB)was synthesized through sol-gel and ion exchange method.Compared with other organic-inorganic intercalation cathode,not only can the MB intercalation enlarge the HVO interlayer spacing to improve ion mobility,but also provide coordination reactions with the Zn^(2+)to enhance the intrinsic electrochemical reaction kinetics of the hybrid electrode.As a key component for the cathode of AZIBs,HVO-MB contributes a specific capacity of 418 mA h g^(-1) at 0.1 A g^(-1),high rate capability(243 mA h g^(-1) at 5 A g^(-1))and extraordinary stability(88%of capacity retention after 2000cycles at a high current density of 5 A g^(-1))in 3 M Zn(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2) aqueous electrolyte.The electrochemical kinetics reveals HVO-MB characterized with large pseudocapacitance charge storage behavior due to the fast ion migration provided by the coordination reaction and expanded interlayer distance.Furthermore,a mixed energy storage mechanism involving Zn^(2+)insertion and coordination reaction is confirmed by various ex-situ characterization.Thus,this work opens up a new path for constructing the high performance cathode of AZIBs through organic-inorganic hybridization.

A fast inversion method for ocean parameters based on dispersion curves with a single hydrophone

The dispersion characteristics of shallow water can be described by the dispersion curves,which contain substantial ocean parameter information.A fast ocean parameter inversion method based on dispersion curves with a single hydrophone is presented in this paper.The method is achieved through Bayesian theory.Several sets of dispersion curves extracted from measured data are used as the input function.The inversion is performed by matching a replica calculated with a dispersion formula.The bottom characteristics can be described by the bottom reflection phase shift parameter P.The propagation range and the depth can be inverted quickly when the seabed parameters are represented by on parameter P.The inversion results improve the inversion efficiency of the seabed parameters.Consequently,the inversion efficiency and accuracy are improved while the number of inversion parameters is decreased and the computational speed of replica is increased.The inversion results have lower error than the reference values,and the dispersion curves calculated with inversion parameters are also in good agreement with extracted curves from measured data;thus,the effectiveness of the inversion method is demonstrated.

Peli棱镜改善同向偏盲患者避障能力效果分析

目的:分析Peli棱镜在偏盲患者中的临床应用情况、避障效果及相关影响因素,为临床验配和康复教育提供参考。方法:回顾性调查研究。采用判断抽样的方法连续纳入2020年12月至2022年6月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院视觉康复和低视力中心就诊的同向偏盲患者19例,结合电话回访,收集并分析患者Peli棱镜临床验配情况、棱镜使用情况、满意度评分及弃用的原因。结果:19例同向偏盲患者中Peli棱镜的临床接受人数为13例,年龄20~79岁,其中男9例,女4例,以原发疾病脑卒中(4例)和动静脉畸形术后(3例)为主;6例拒绝棱镜的患者中,男4例,女2例,年龄65~80岁,原发疾病均为脑卒中。13例接受棱镜的患者在行走时均能获益,戴镜半年后评分满意人数6例,临床成功人数为4例,其中9例患者弃用原因以视混淆适应困难(7/9)和自觉视野范围无扩大或范围扩大不足(6/9)为主。结论:偏盲患者Peli棱镜的临床接受率为13/19,戴镜半年临床成功率为4/13。通过Peli棱镜的辅助使用,偏盲患者在移动的场景下能提升躲避障碍能力。老年脑卒中患者、缺乏配戴适应性训练是可能影响临床接受率或临床成功率的因素。

Tumor microenvironment of cancer stem cells:Perspectives on cancer stem cell targeting

There are few tumor cell subpopulations with stem cell characteristics in tumor tis-sue,defined as cancer stem cells(CSCs)or cancer stem-like cells(CSLCs),which can recon-struct neoplasms with malignant biological behaviors such as invasiveness via self-renewal and unlimited generation.The microenvironment that CsCs depend on consists of various cellular components and corresponding medium components.Among these factors existing at a variety of levels and forms,cytokine networks and numerous signal pathways play an important role in signaling transduction.These factors promote or maintain cancer cell stem-ness,and participate in cancer recurrence,metastasis,and resistance.This review aims to summarize the recent molecular data concerning the multilayered relationship between CsCs and CsC-favorable microenvironments.We also discuss the therapeutic implications of target-ing this synergistic interplay,hoping to give an insight into targeting cancer cell stemness for tumortherapyandprognosis.

共价有机框架材料作为金属离子电池正极材料

共价有机框架材料(Covalent organic frameworks,COFs)是一种具有周期性二维或三维网状结构的多孔有机材料,其结构由两种或更多有机分子通过共价键连接而成。COFs具有骨架密度低、比表面积大、孔隙率高、结构可设计性和功能可修饰性等特点,在储能领域展现出巨大的潜力。由于其丰富的氧化还原活性位点和开放的框架结构,COFs作为金属离子电池正极材料有着独特的优势。然而COFs导电性差、能量密度低、可用的活性位点较少和离子传输通道的阻塞等缺陷限制了其在储能领域的应用。本文系统综述了COFs作为金属离子电池正极材料的最新研究现状,包括对COFs的种类、合成方法以及设计策略进行总结,从不同活性基团的角度对其电化学储能机理进行概述,并介绍了COFs在不同金属离子电池方面的应用。最后总结和展望了COFs在储能领域应用的前景和挑战。

Pan-genome of Raphanus highlights genetic variation and introgression among domesticated,wild,and weedy radishes

Post-polyploid diploidization associated with descending dysploidy and interspecific introgression drives plant genome evolution by unclear mechanisms.Raphanus is an economically and ecologically important Brassiceae genus and model system for studying post-polyploidization genome evolution and introgres-sion.Here,we report the de novo sequence assemblies for 11 genomes covering most of the typical sub-species and varieties of domesticated,wild and weedy radishes from East Asia,South Asia,Europe,and America.Divergence among the species,sub-species,and South/East Asian types coincided with Quaternary glaciations.A genus-level pan-genome was constructed with family-based,locus-based,and graph-based methods,and whole-genome comparisons revealed genetic variations ranging from single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)to inversions and translocations of whole ancestral karyotype(AK)blocks.Extensive gene flow occurred between wild,weedy,and domesticated radishes.High fre-quencies of genome reshuffling,biased retention,and large-fragment translocation have shaped the genomic diversity.Most variety-specific gene-rich blocks showed large structural variations.Extensive translocation and tandem duplication of dispensable genes were revealed in two large rearrangement-rich islands.Disease resistance genes mostly resided on specific and dispensable loci.Variations causing the loss of function of enzymes modulating gibberellin deactivation were identified and could play an important role in phenotype divergence and adaptive evolution.This study provides new insights into the genomic evolution underlying post-polyploid diploidization and lays the foundation for genetic improve-ment of radish crops,biological control of weeds,and protection of wild species'germplasms.

Polymorphism of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) UL144 gene in low passage clinical isolates

To explore the impact of gene polymorphism of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)on virus virulence,the full-length UL144 gene and partial sequence of glycoprotein B(UL55)gene were sequenced and analyzed for 23clinical strains of HCMV isolated from urine samples of pediatric patients with congenital or postnatal HCMV infection.Among the 23 isolates,13(57%)were UL144genotype 1A,3(13%)were UL144 genotypes 2 and 7(30%)were UL144 genotype 3;geographic differences in genotype distribution were found for both UL144 and gB gene.No UL144 genotypes 1B and 1C were found in this study while these two genotypes were common in HCMV strains isolated in the US.Our results also demonstrated that for all clinical strains of gB genotypes I,III and UL144genotypes 1A,2,and 3 found in this study,mother-to-fetus vertical transmission was possible.

In situ instant generation of an ultrabroadband near-infrared emission center in bismuth-doped borosilicate glasses via a femtosecond laser

Bismuth(Bi)-doped photonic materials, which exhibit broadband near-infrared(NIR) luminescence(1000–1600 nm), are evolving into interesting gain media. However, the traditional methods have shown their limitations in enhancing Bi NIR emission, especially in the microregion. Consequently, the typical NIR emission has seldom been achieved in Bi-doped waveguides, which highly restricts the application of Bi-activated materials.Here, superbroadband Bi NIR emission is induced in situ instantly in the grating region by a femtosecond(fs)laser inside borosilicate glasses. A series of structural and spectroscopic characterizations are summoned to probe the generation mechanism. And we show how this novel NIR emission in the grating region can be enhanced significantly and erased reversibly. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate Bi-activated optical waveguides.These results present new insights into Bi-doped materials and push the development of broadband waveguide amplification.

MicroRNA-9 as a paradoxical but critical regulator of cancer metastasis:Implications in personalized medicine

Metastasis,is a development of secondary tumor growths at a distance from the primary site,and closely related to poor prognosis and mortality.However,there is still no effective treatment for metastatic cancer.Therefore,there is an urgent need to find an effective therapy for cancer metastasis.Plenty of evidence indicates that miR-9 can function as a promoter or suppressor in cancer metastasis and coordinate multistep of metastatic process.In this review,we summarize the different roles of miR-9 with the corresponding molecular mechanisms in metastasis of twelve common cancers and the multiple mechanisms underlying miR-9-mediated regulation of metastasis,benefiting the further research of miR-9 and metastasis,and hoping to bridge it with clinical applications.

中国普通群众视疲劳现况调查与影响因素

目的:调查现阶段我国普通群众视疲劳发生情况及相关影响因素。方法:横断面调查研究。采用问卷调查法,于2006年6月至2017年1月通过现场填写和网上填写的方式对全国范围内的普通群众进行视疲劳调查研究。调查表涵盖了“眼部不舒服”“眼部干涩”等在内的3个维度共计13个条目。结果:在中国24个省163个城市收集了1909份有效问卷。“用眼时感觉到眼部不舒服”和“有眼部干涩”为最常见的2个眼部不适症状,发生率分别为13.28%和16.26%。40岁以上人群眼部不舒服和眼部干涩发生率均显著高于40岁以下人群(χ2=13.359,P<0.001;χ2=9.870,P=0.002)。出现“眼部干涩”症状的人群中,“眼部不舒服”的发生率为44.85%,而出现“眼部不舒服”症状的人群中,54.66%具有“眼部干涩”的表现。2个眼部不适症状有显著相关性(r=0.407,P=0.01)。“出现重影或模糊”与“出现视物模糊,眨眼后又变清晰”为最常见的2个视觉症状,发生率分别为11.51%和11.95%。“难以专心致志、需重复阅读”“感觉阅读速度减慢”为最常见的全身症状,发生率分别为13.05%和13.13%。年龄增加是上述视觉症状和全身症状的危险因素(OR=1.02,P=0.008;OR=1.02,P<0.001)。结论:我国普通群众出现视疲劳各种症状的发生率较高,包括眼部不适症状、视觉症状及全身症状。近距离用眼时间和年龄是影响视疲劳眼部不适症状的重要因素。

Bi2WO6 quantum dot-intercalated ultrathin montmo- rillonite nanostructure and its enhanced photocatalytic performance

在电子洞再结合和水氧化之间的运动比赛是为切开材料的有效的太阳的水的发展的关键限制。在这研究，我们在场由构造量解决这挑战的一个解决方案设置点的 nanostructure。第一次，我们证明设置的 nanostructure 的夹层费用能显著地在光催化禁止电子洞再结合。为双性人<潜水艇class=“ a-plus-plus ”> 2 WO <潜水艇class=“ a-plus-plus ”> 6 个量点( QD )在 montmorillonite ( MMT )设置了 nanostructure 作为一个例子， photogenerated 费用搬运人的平均一生被构造设置的 nanostructure 从 3.06 s 增加到 18.8 s 。增加的一生显著地改进了双性人的 photocatalytic 表演 < 潜水艇 class= “ a-plus-plus ” > 2 WO < 潜水艇 class= “ a-plus-plus ” > 在太阳的水氧化和环境纯化的 6 。这个工作不仅提供一个方法生产设置 QD 的 ultrathin nanostructures 而且一条一般线路为太阳的燃料产生和环境纯化设计有效基于半导体的 photoconversion 材料。

五所特殊教育学校视障学生视觉损伤及康复情况

目的:分析国内5所特殊教育学校视障学生的视觉损伤及康复现状,了解这些学校视障学生的眼健康状况,探讨影响视障学生视觉康复相关因素及今后工作重点。方法:横断面调查研究。采用WHO盲及低视力眼检查记录表,对5所特殊教育学校视障班学生进行病史采集、视力检查、裂隙灯显微镜检查、医学验光及助视器验配。采用2003年世界卫生组织制定的视觉损伤分级诊断标准。采用Wilcoxon符号秩和检验对数据进行分析。结果:共筛查视障学生330例(660眼),其中可避免盲及低视力有170例(51.5%),难避免盲及低视力有115例(34.8%),因筛查条件受限不能确定45例(13.7%)。324例视障学生中(除去6例不配合视力检查),93例(28.7%)学生屈光矫正后视力有所提高,双眼中较好眼的最佳矫正视力(LogMAR)由1.44升至1.19,屈光矫正前后差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.523,P<0.001)。17例(5.2%)屈光矫正后视觉损伤等级有所下降。122例(37.7%)可验配使用中远助视器提高远视力,128例(39.5%)可验配使用近用助视器提高近视力。在1级、2级及3级视觉损伤的视障学生中,远用助视器验配比例分别达到83.7%、83.3%、65.3%,脱盲率达到17.8%,脱残率达到72.2%;近用助视器验配比例分别达到77.6%、81.3%、77.6%,脱盲率达到22.8%,脱残率达到81.4%。结论:部分特殊教育学校视障学生尚缺乏系统的眼健康筛查及视觉康复服务,部分视障学生通过屈光矫正及助视器的使用即可有效脱盲、脱残。在特殊教育学校中普及眼健康筛查及助视器的康复使用,可作为今后开展视障学生康复工作的重点内容之一。

Blue–green color-tunable emissions in novel transparent Sr2LuF7:Eu/Tb glass-ceramics for WLEDs

To introduce ordered nano-structures inside a transparent amorphous matrix with superior optical and mechanical properties bears scientific and technological importance,yet limited success has been achieved.Here,via simple melting-quenching and subsequent thermal activation,we report the successful preparation of transparent nano-structured glass-ceramics embedded in Sr2Lu F7 nano-crystals(~26 nm),as evidenced by X-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and high resolution TEM.The successful incorporation of dopants into formed Sr2Lu F7 nano-crystals with low phonon energy results in highly tunable blue–green photoemission,which depends on excitation wavelength,dopant type,and temperature.We found that Eu3+and Eu2+ions co-exist in this hybrid optical material,accompanied by the broadband blue emission of Eu2+and sharp red emissions of Eu3+.A series of optical characterizations are summoned,including emission/excitation spectrum and decay curve measurement,to reveal the reduction mechanism of Eu3+to Eu2+.Furthermore,near green–white photoemission is achieved via the enrichment of Tb3+/Eu3+into crystallized Sr2Lu F7 nano-crystals.The temperature-dependent visible photoemission reveals thermal activation energy increases with the precipitation of Sr2Lu F7 nano-crystals in a glass matrix,suggesting better thermal stability of glass-ceramics than precursor glasses.These results could not only deepen the understanding of glass-ceramics but also indicate the promising potential of Eu3+/Tb3+-ions-doped Sr2Lu F7 glass-ceramics for UV pumped white light emitting diodes(WLEDs)with good thermal stability.