Carbon and oxygen isotopes suggesting deep-water basin deposition associated with hydrothermal events(Shangsi Section, Northwest Sichuan Basin-South China)

Carbon and oxygen isotope records for Shangsi Section in Northwest Sichuan Basin, South China can help investigating depositional environments and processes, including the burial rate and possible contribution of hydrothermal events. Samples from the lower Chihsian Formation show δ13CPDB and δ18OPDB values close to those of typical marine limestone. However, the overlying Permian middle-upper Chihsian, Wujiaping, and Maokou Formation samples reveal negative δ18OSMOW values and strong positive δ13CPDB values. These indicate high biological productivity and rapid burial of organic carbon. Samples from the Dalong Formation present both negative δ13CPDB and negative δ18OPDB values, which are quite different from the underlying Permian strata. These abnormal carbon and oxygen isotope characteristics in the Dalong Formation may suggest that hydrothermal processes contributed to deposition.

陆相断陷盆地陆源碎屑与碳酸盐混合沉积研究进展

陆源碎屑与碳酸盐(岩)混合沉积现象普遍发育并已成为有利的油气勘探类型,但陆相断陷盆地混合沉积类型多样、成因复杂,是当今沉积地质学的研究热点和难点.基于渤海油田大量勘探实践及国内外研究成果的调研,归纳总结了陆相断陷盆地混合沉积研究所取得的主要进展,提出了目前混合沉积研究面临的主要问题.陆相混合沉积研究历程可划分为起步阶段、快速发展阶段和综合研究阶段.由于地质条件的差异性,混合沉积岩性鉴定方案并未形成统一的标准.陆相断陷盆地混合沉积具有复杂的成因类型,包括近源混合沉积、远源混合沉积2大类及6种具体沉积类型.渤海油田首次建立了独立的陆相断陷盆地混合沉积相体系.陆相混合沉积形成的主控因素包括稳定的宏观构造背景与局部强断裂活动、盆内局部凸起碎屑供给的不稳定性、相对干旱的气候与较高盐度的水体条件、正向的古地貌背景.近源扇三角洲混合型、近源扇三角洲侧翼型、近源辫状河三角洲侧翼型、远源高能粗粒型混合沉积优质储层是目前较为有利的混合沉积勘探类型.古地理条件约束、地质模式主导是有效的混积型储层预测思路.现阶段陆相混合沉积研究中需要重视的关键性问题主要包括以下几个方面:混合沉积岩性分类方案,钙质壳体生物发育规律及微生物白云岩化作用,细粒混合沉积与页岩油气储层的关系,混积型储层地球物理预测技术.