旨为精准确定在充分供水状态下栓皮栎幼苗的叶气温差与大气饱和水汽压差(VPD)的线性回归关系,从而对前人得出的CWSI(crop water stress index)经验模型进行优化。在河南农业大学林学院科研基地盆栽栓皮栎幼苗,用干湿参考面法,测定气温...旨为精准确定在充分供水状态下栓皮栎幼苗的叶气温差与大气饱和水汽压差(VPD)的线性回归关系,从而对前人得出的CWSI(crop water stress index)经验模型进行优化。在河南农业大学林学院科研基地盆栽栓皮栎幼苗,用干湿参考面法,测定气温、太阳辐射、叶气温差、大气饱和水汽压差,通过能量平衡原理理论分析和计算,确定栓皮栎幼苗的CWSI模型合理的上、下基线。结果表明:1)干参考面条件下,栓皮栎幼苗的叶气温差同太阳辐射为显著正相关关系,可以确定CWSI经验模型中的上基线为一直线:Δt_(干)=0.007 Q+1.621;2)在湿参考面下,栓皮栎幼苗的叶气温差Δt_(湿)同大气饱和水汽压差(VPD)V为负相关关系,直线回归关系显著,得到CWSI经验模型中优化后的下基线:Δt_(湿)=-1.218 V+1.987;3)用所得上下基线优化CWSI模型计算栓皮栎幼苗CWSI值,与土壤水分的线性关系显著;4)能量平衡方程的热量收支计算方法可以更准确确定叶气温差与VPD的关系,进而优化CWSI模型。展开更多
【目的】探究马铃薯的叶气温差与环境因子的关系,进一步优化马铃薯水分胁迫指数模型。【方法】在河南农业大学林学院试验基地进行马铃薯盆栽试验,选择晴朗天气测定不同土壤含水率下马铃薯的叶气温差随太阳辐射和大气饱和水汽压差(VPD)...【目的】探究马铃薯的叶气温差与环境因子的关系,进一步优化马铃薯水分胁迫指数模型。【方法】在河南农业大学林学院试验基地进行马铃薯盆栽试验,选择晴朗天气测定不同土壤含水率下马铃薯的叶气温差随太阳辐射和大气饱和水汽压差(VPD)的变化规律,确定作物水分胁迫指数(crop water stress index,CWSI)的上下基线,进一步试验后得到优化后的马铃薯CWSI经验模型,并对相关模型进行验证。【结果】马铃薯的叶气温差随着土壤含水率的降低而升高;当土壤含水率较低(7.28%)时,马铃薯的叶气温差随太阳辐射的增大而增大,呈显著线性关系;当土壤含水率较高(15.85%)时,马铃薯的叶气温差随VPD的增大而减小,呈显著线性关系;构建出马铃薯CWSI的上基线为y=0.0098Q-0.68[Q为太阳辐射强度/(W·m^(-2))],下基线为y=-1.67V+3.75(V为大气饱和水汽压差/kPa);将优化的CWSI模型验证后得知,随着土壤含水率的减少,CWSI值增加,且CWSI同土壤含水量呈极显著负相关关系(p<0.01)。【结论】马铃薯的最大叶气温差与太阳辐射的线性关系作为马铃薯水分胁迫指数的上基线是可行的,该研究对传统CWSI经验模型进行改进,进一步优化了CWSI经验模型。展开更多
It is of great interest to allocate redundant component(s)in a coherent system in order to optimize the lifetime of the resulting system in reliability engineering,and system security.This topic has posed many interes...It is of great interest to allocate redundant component(s)in a coherent system in order to optimize the lifetime of the resulting system in reliability engineering,and system security.This topic has posed many interesting theoretical problems to which many researchers have devoted themselves in the past decades.In this article,we aim to review some recent results on the problem of optimal allocations of active[standby]redundancies in coherent systems.Some open problems in this research line are posed as well.Here we highlight the stochastic orderings as a powerful tool in our discussion.展开更多
文摘【目的】探究马铃薯的叶气温差与环境因子的关系,进一步优化马铃薯水分胁迫指数模型。【方法】在河南农业大学林学院试验基地进行马铃薯盆栽试验,选择晴朗天气测定不同土壤含水率下马铃薯的叶气温差随太阳辐射和大气饱和水汽压差(VPD)的变化规律,确定作物水分胁迫指数(crop water stress index,CWSI)的上下基线,进一步试验后得到优化后的马铃薯CWSI经验模型,并对相关模型进行验证。【结果】马铃薯的叶气温差随着土壤含水率的降低而升高;当土壤含水率较低(7.28%)时,马铃薯的叶气温差随太阳辐射的增大而增大,呈显著线性关系;当土壤含水率较高(15.85%)时,马铃薯的叶气温差随VPD的增大而减小,呈显著线性关系;构建出马铃薯CWSI的上基线为y=0.0098Q-0.68[Q为太阳辐射强度/(W·m^(-2))],下基线为y=-1.67V+3.75(V为大气饱和水汽压差/kPa);将优化的CWSI模型验证后得知,随着土壤含水率的减少,CWSI值增加,且CWSI同土壤含水量呈极显著负相关关系(p<0.01)。【结论】马铃薯的最大叶气温差与太阳辐射的线性关系作为马铃薯水分胁迫指数的上基线是可行的,该研究对传统CWSI经验模型进行改进,进一步优化了CWSI经验模型。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11931004,12090011)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11422109and 11271169)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20141145)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘It is of great interest to allocate redundant component(s)in a coherent system in order to optimize the lifetime of the resulting system in reliability engineering,and system security.This topic has posed many interesting theoretical problems to which many researchers have devoted themselves in the past decades.In this article,we aim to review some recent results on the problem of optimal allocations of active[standby]redundancies in coherent systems.Some open problems in this research line are posed as well.Here we highlight the stochastic orderings as a powerful tool in our discussion.
