There are 41 members of the CCT（CO, CO-like, and TOC1） domain-containing gene family in rice, which are divided into three subfamilies： COL（CONSTANS-like）, CMF（CCT motif family）, and PRR（pseudoresponse regula...There are 41 members of the CCT（CO, CO-like, and TOC1） domain-containing gene family in rice, which are divided into three subfamilies： COL（CONSTANS-like）, CMF（CCT motif family）, and PRR（pseudoresponse regulator）. The first flowering gene to be isolated by map-based cloning, Heading date 1（Hd1）, which is the orthologue of CO in rice, belongs to COL. The central regulator of plant development, Ghd7, belongs to CMF. The major role in controlling rice distribution to high latitudes, Ghd7.1/PRR37, belongs to PRR. Both of Hd1, Ghd7 and Ghd7.1 simultaneously control grain number, plant height, and the heading date. To date, 13 CCT family genes from these three subfamilies have been shown to regulate flowering. Some of them have pleiotropic effects on grain yield, plant height, and abiotic stresses, and others function as circadian oscillators. There are two independent photoperiod flowering pathways that are mediated by GI-Hd1-Hd3 a/RFT and GI-Ehd1-Hd3 a/RFT in rice. CCT family genes are involved in both pathways. The latest study reveals that protein interaction between Hd1 and Ghd7 integrates the two pathways. CCT family genes are rich in natural variation because rice cultivars have been subjected to natural and artificial selection for different day lengths in the process of domestication and improvement. Alleles of several crucial CCT family genes such as Hd1, Ghd7, and Ghd7.1 exhibit geographic distribution patterns and are highly associated with yield potentials. In addition, CCT family genes are probably involved in the responses to abiotic stress, which should be emphasized in future work. In general, CCT family genes play important roles in regulating flowering, plant growth, and grain yield. The functional identification and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of CCT family genes would help construct a flowering regulatory network and maximize their contribution to rice production.展开更多
To investigate the low temperature on germination capacity （LTG） a double haploid rice （DH） population with 198 lines derived from anther culture of F1 hybrid with indica line Zhenshan 97B and a perennial japonica...To investigate the low temperature on germination capacity （LTG） a double haploid rice （DH） population with 198 lines derived from anther culture of F1 hybrid with indica line Zhenshan 97B and a perennial japonica line AAV002863 was used to construct a linkage map with 140 SSR markers, The germination rate in Zhenshan 97B and AAV002863 was 79,7% and 30,1%, while in DH population it ranged from 0 to 100% at 15℃ after 6 days, Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling low temperature germinability were identified on chromosomes 3 and 10. The percentage of observed phenotypic variance attributed to qLTG-3 and qLTG-10 was 12.6% and 12.9%, respectively. Allele from Zhenshan 97B increased the LTG at qLTG-3 region, while allele from AAV002863 increased the LTG at qLTG-IO region. One pair of epistatic interaction was detected between loci on chromosomes 3 and 10. The main-effect of QTL on chromosome 10 was also involved in epistatic interaction.展开更多
The sigma meson production in p ＋ ^12C and p A- ^40Ca reactions at the incident energy Ep = 1.5 GeV is investigated within the Quantum Molecular Dynamics model. The simulation results indicate a distinctive A depende...The sigma meson production in p ＋ ^12C and p A- ^40Ca reactions at the incident energy Ep = 1.5 GeV is investigated within the Quantum Molecular Dynamics model. The simulation results indicate a distinctive A dependence of the sigma production, that is, the increase of A is followed by an increase of the production cross sections. We find that the σ meson production in proton-induced reactions is strongly medium-dependent, and the produced σ mesons decaying in a denser medium experience a stronger mass shift towards lower masses. This mass shift is an experimentally accessible observable in the final state pion pairs, which do not suffer from reabsorption by the surrounding nucleons. It is pointed out that the ratio of measured sigma cross sections as a function of the sigma invariant-mass from various reactions is a good probe to explore the existence of the σ meson in a dense nuclear environment.展开更多
The collective flow ofΛhyperons produced in association with positively charged kaon mesons in nuclear reactions at SIS energies is studied using the quantum molecular dynamics(QMD)model within covariant kaon dynamic...The collective flow ofΛhyperons produced in association with positively charged kaon mesons in nuclear reactions at SIS energies is studied using the quantum molecular dynamics(QMD)model within covariant kaon dynamics.Our calculation indicates that both the directed and differential directed flows ofΛs are almost in agreement with the experimental data.This suggest that the covariant kaon dynamics based on the chiral mean field approximation can not only explain the collective flow of kaon mesons,but also give reasonable results for the collective flow ofΛhyperons at SIS energies.The final−state interaction ofΛhyperons with dense nuclear matter enhances their directed flow and improves the agreement of their differential directed flow with the experimental data.The influence of the interaction on theΛcollective flow is more appreciable at large rapidity or transverse momentum region.展开更多
The integrability of quantum systems is charactized by the algebraic notion of dynamical symmetry,hence the nonintegrability of quantum systems should be discussed topologically in reference to corresponding integrabl...The integrability of quantum systems is charactized by the algebraic notion of dynamical symmetry,hence the nonintegrability of quantum systems should be discussed topologically in reference to corresponding integrable ones.A topological approach is proposed.The topological map in general is shown to be constituted of the piecewise diffeomorphic maps interrupted by sudden nondiffeomorphic maps and thus has the similar typical feature of stretching-folding stretching......as the Smale horse-shoe map.展开更多
A topological approach to the study of global stationary property of quantum systems is carefully formulated.Particular attentions are paid to basic notions such as homeomorphic map,topological-structure-preserving(TS...A topological approach to the study of global stationary property of quantum systems is carefully formulated.Particular attentions are paid to basic notions such as homeomorphic map,topological-structure-preserving(TSP)map,and bifurcation due to local destruction of the TSP condition.展开更多
In order to have a complete description of the spatio-temporal evolution of a quantum state,the initial state should be properly specified as the coherent state corresponding to a definite dynamical symmetry.Then we h...In order to have a complete description of the spatio-temporal evolution of a quantum state,the initial state should be properly specified as the coherent state corresponding to a definite dynamical symmetry.Then we have qualitatively different situations where the initial coherent state evolves under the action of a system having or not having the same dynamical symmetry.In the former case,we have regular motion with the general character which tends to that of the corresponding classical case in the limit n→0.While in the latter case,we may have energy regions of global stochasticity with characters closely related to the initial dynamical symmetry strongly violated.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0100301)
文摘There are 41 members of the CCT（CO, CO-like, and TOC1） domain-containing gene family in rice, which are divided into three subfamilies： COL（CONSTANS-like）, CMF（CCT motif family）, and PRR（pseudoresponse regulator）. The first flowering gene to be isolated by map-based cloning, Heading date 1（Hd1）, which is the orthologue of CO in rice, belongs to COL. The central regulator of plant development, Ghd7, belongs to CMF. The major role in controlling rice distribution to high latitudes, Ghd7.1/PRR37, belongs to PRR. Both of Hd1, Ghd7 and Ghd7.1 simultaneously control grain number, plant height, and the heading date. To date, 13 CCT family genes from these three subfamilies have been shown to regulate flowering. Some of them have pleiotropic effects on grain yield, plant height, and abiotic stresses, and others function as circadian oscillators. There are two independent photoperiod flowering pathways that are mediated by GI-Hd1-Hd3 a/RFT and GI-Ehd1-Hd3 a/RFT in rice. CCT family genes are involved in both pathways. The latest study reveals that protein interaction between Hd1 and Ghd7 integrates the two pathways. CCT family genes are rich in natural variation because rice cultivars have been subjected to natural and artificial selection for different day lengths in the process of domestication and improvement. Alleles of several crucial CCT family genes such as Hd1, Ghd7, and Ghd7.1 exhibit geographic distribution patterns and are highly associated with yield potentials. In addition, CCT family genes are probably involved in the responses to abiotic stress, which should be emphasized in future work. In general, CCT family genes play important roles in regulating flowering, plant growth, and grain yield. The functional identification and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of CCT family genes would help construct a flowering regulatory network and maximize their contribution to rice production.
文摘To investigate the low temperature on germination capacity （LTG） a double haploid rice （DH） population with 198 lines derived from anther culture of F1 hybrid with indica line Zhenshan 97B and a perennial japonica line AAV002863 was used to construct a linkage map with 140 SSR markers, The germination rate in Zhenshan 97B and AAV002863 was 79,7% and 30,1%, while in DH population it ranged from 0 to 100% at 15℃ after 6 days, Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling low temperature germinability were identified on chromosomes 3 and 10. The percentage of observed phenotypic variance attributed to qLTG-3 and qLTG-10 was 12.6% and 12.9%, respectively. Allele from Zhenshan 97B increased the LTG at qLTG-3 region, while allele from AAV002863 increased the LTG at qLTG-IO region. One pair of epistatic interaction was detected between loci on chromosomes 3 and 10. The main-effect of QTL on chromosome 10 was also involved in epistatic interaction.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10435080,10575075,and 10447006the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Grant No.446CHV-113/91/1-3the National Research Concil of Thailand under Grant No.1.CH5/2549
文摘The sigma meson production in p ＋ ^12C and p A- ^40Ca reactions at the incident energy Ep = 1.5 GeV is investigated within the Quantum Molecular Dynamics model. The simulation results indicate a distinctive A dependence of the sigma production, that is, the increase of A is followed by an increase of the production cross sections. We find that the σ meson production in proton-induced reactions is strongly medium-dependent, and the produced σ mesons decaying in a denser medium experience a stronger mass shift towards lower masses. This mass shift is an experimentally accessible observable in the final state pion pairs, which do not suffer from reabsorption by the surrounding nucleons. It is pointed out that the ratio of measured sigma cross sections as a function of the sigma invariant-mass from various reactions is a good probe to explore the existence of the σ meson in a dense nuclear environment.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10575075,10447006,and 10435080.
文摘The collective flow ofΛhyperons produced in association with positively charged kaon mesons in nuclear reactions at SIS energies is studied using the quantum molecular dynamics(QMD)model within covariant kaon dynamics.Our calculation indicates that both the directed and differential directed flows ofΛs are almost in agreement with the experimental data.This suggest that the covariant kaon dynamics based on the chiral mean field approximation can not only explain the collective flow of kaon mesons,but also give reasonable results for the collective flow ofΛhyperons at SIS energies.The final−state interaction ofΛhyperons with dense nuclear matter enhances their directed flow and improves the agreement of their differential directed flow with the experimental data.The influence of the interaction on theΛcollective flow is more appreciable at large rapidity or transverse momentum region.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Project“Nonlinear Science”of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.19675019Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China.
文摘The integrability of quantum systems is charactized by the algebraic notion of dynamical symmetry,hence the nonintegrability of quantum systems should be discussed topologically in reference to corresponding integrable ones.A topological approach is proposed.The topological map in general is shown to be constituted of the piecewise diffeomorphic maps interrupted by sudden nondiffeomorphic maps and thus has the similar typical feature of stretching-folding stretching......as the Smale horse-shoe map.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Project“Nonlinear Science”of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.19675019the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China.
文摘A topological approach to the study of global stationary property of quantum systems is carefully formulated.Particular attentions are paid to basic notions such as homeomorphic map,topological-structure-preserving(TSP)map,and bifurcation due to local destruction of the TSP condition.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Project"Nonlinear Science"of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.19675019the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China.
文摘In order to have a complete description of the spatio-temporal evolution of a quantum state,the initial state should be properly specified as the coherent state corresponding to a definite dynamical symmetry.Then we have qualitatively different situations where the initial coherent state evolves under the action of a system having or not having the same dynamical symmetry.In the former case,we have regular motion with the general character which tends to that of the corresponding classical case in the limit n→0.While in the latter case,we may have energy regions of global stochasticity with characters closely related to the initial dynamical symmetry strongly violated.
