目的了解医院耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(Carbidenes-resistant Klebisella pneumoniae,CRKP)的环境流行特点及菌株传播情况,追踪其传播途径。方法选择医院2017年6月-2017年10月4个重症监护室及病区的CRKP感染患者为研究对象,采用一次性...目的了解医院耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(Carbidenes-resistant Klebisella pneumoniae,CRKP)的环境流行特点及菌株传播情况,追踪其传播途径。方法选择医院2017年6月-2017年10月4个重症监护室及病区的CRKP感染患者为研究对象,采用一次性棉拭子采集其周边环境物品如床单元、床旁仪器、医疗用品、医护人员衣服、手等标本送检鉴定,将其中的CRKP利用脉冲场凝胶电泳技术(Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis,PFGE)进行同源性鉴定。结果在相关监护室及病区16例感染患者的周围环境中共采集微生物标本259份,分离鉴定出CRKP 39株,检出率为15.06%;CRKP分离物品以床单元10株占25.64%为主,其次为呼吸垫巾7株占17.95%;42株菌(含3株体液标本)PFGE结果显示,同源性>80%的菌株占83.33%(35/42)。结论医院环境中CRKP有主要的流行类型,可能存在环境的传播,提示应加强对ICU等重点部门的消毒隔离工作,重视环境物品的消毒及医护人员无菌操作,切断医院感染环境传播途径,防止CRKP在医院内的播散。展开更多
Background The catheter related infection caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm is increasing and difficult to treat by antimicrobial chemotherapy. The properties of biofilms that give rise to antibiotic resist...Background The catheter related infection caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm is increasing and difficult to treat by antimicrobial chemotherapy. The properties of biofilms that give rise to antibiotic resistance are only partially understood. This study aimed to elucidate the penetration of erythromycin through Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm. Methods The penetration ratio of erythromycin through Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms of 1457, 1457-msrA, and wild isolate $68 was detected by biofilm penetration model at different time points according to the standard regression curve. The RNA/DNA ratio and the cell density within the biofilms were observed by confocal laser microscope and transmission electromicroscope, respectively. Results The penetration ratios of erythromycin through the biofilms of 1457, 1457-msrA, and $68 after cultivation for 36 hours were 0.93, 0.55 and 0.4, respectively. The erythromycin penetration ratio through 1457 biofilm （0.58 after 8 hours） was higher than that through the other two （0.499 and 0.31 after 24 hours）. Lower growth rate of the cells in biofilm was shown, with reduction of RNA/DNA proportion observed by confocal laser microscope through acridine orange stain. Compared with the control group observed by transmission electrmicroscope, the cell density of biofilm air face was lower than that of agar face, with more cell debris. Conclusions Erythromycin could penetrate to the Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm, but could not kill the cells thoroughly. The lower growth rate of the cells within biofilm could help decreasing the erythromycin susceptibility.展开更多
Background The duration of viral shedding and the transmission of 2009 H1N1 influenza among individuals, especially among the younger population with mild illness, are not well understood now. The aim of this study wa...Background The duration of viral shedding and the transmission of 2009 H1N1 influenza among individuals, especially among the younger population with mild illness, are not well understood now. The aim of this study was to determine the viral shedding of the young adult patients with mild 2009 H1N1 influenza in China.Methods From September 2009 to January 2010, the clinical data and serial nasopharyngeal swabs of 67 patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza and 37 patients with seasonal influenza aged from 18 years to 35 years were collected. The nasopharyngeal swab samples were detected by real time RT-PCR to determine the viral shedding. All the patients did not receive the antiviral therapy but Chinese medicine for detoxicating.Results Among the patients with H1N1 virus infection, 82.1% （55/67） patients presented with fever symptom, while more patients with high fever （≥39℃） were found in seasonal influenza patients （P〈0.05）. For the H1N1 patients, the median interval between the symptom onset and the undetectable RNA was six days （4-10 days）. But viral shedding was still found in 31.3% patients after 7 days following illness onset. The median interval between disappearance of fever and an undetectable viral RNA level was three days （2-8 days）, and 17.9% patients were found to be viral shedding 6 days later after normalization of body temperature. For the seasonal influenza patients, 94.6% patients were detected out viral RNA within 7 days. The median interval of seasonal influenza between the symptom onset and the undetectable RNA was four days （3-8 days）. The median interval between disappearance of fever and an undetectable viral RNA level was three days （2-6 days）.Conclusion It suggests that 7 days isolation period from the illness onset or 24 hours after the resolution of fever and respiratory symptoms are not long enough to cut off the transmission among Chinese young adults with mild illness展开更多
文摘目的了解医院耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌(Carbidenes-resistant Klebisella pneumoniae,CRKP)的环境流行特点及菌株传播情况,追踪其传播途径。方法选择医院2017年6月-2017年10月4个重症监护室及病区的CRKP感染患者为研究对象,采用一次性棉拭子采集其周边环境物品如床单元、床旁仪器、医疗用品、医护人员衣服、手等标本送检鉴定,将其中的CRKP利用脉冲场凝胶电泳技术(Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis,PFGE)进行同源性鉴定。结果在相关监护室及病区16例感染患者的周围环境中共采集微生物标本259份,分离鉴定出CRKP 39株,检出率为15.06%;CRKP分离物品以床单元10株占25.64%为主,其次为呼吸垫巾7株占17.95%;42株菌(含3株体液标本)PFGE结果显示,同源性>80%的菌株占83.33%(35/42)。结论医院环境中CRKP有主要的流行类型,可能存在环境的传播,提示应加强对ICU等重点部门的消毒隔离工作,重视环境物品的消毒及医护人员无菌操作,切断医院感染环境传播途径,防止CRKP在医院内的播散。
基金Science Foundation of China （No. 30300296） and the Twelfth Five- year Military Foundation （No. BWS11J048）.
文摘Background The catheter related infection caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm is increasing and difficult to treat by antimicrobial chemotherapy. The properties of biofilms that give rise to antibiotic resistance are only partially understood. This study aimed to elucidate the penetration of erythromycin through Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm. Methods The penetration ratio of erythromycin through Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms of 1457, 1457-msrA, and wild isolate $68 was detected by biofilm penetration model at different time points according to the standard regression curve. The RNA/DNA ratio and the cell density within the biofilms were observed by confocal laser microscope and transmission electromicroscope, respectively. Results The penetration ratios of erythromycin through the biofilms of 1457, 1457-msrA, and $68 after cultivation for 36 hours were 0.93, 0.55 and 0.4, respectively. The erythromycin penetration ratio through 1457 biofilm （0.58 after 8 hours） was higher than that through the other two （0.499 and 0.31 after 24 hours）. Lower growth rate of the cells in biofilm was shown, with reduction of RNA/DNA proportion observed by confocal laser microscope through acridine orange stain. Compared with the control group observed by transmission electrmicroscope, the cell density of biofilm air face was lower than that of agar face, with more cell debris. Conclusions Erythromycin could penetrate to the Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm, but could not kill the cells thoroughly. The lower growth rate of the cells within biofilm could help decreasing the erythromycin susceptibility.
文摘Background The duration of viral shedding and the transmission of 2009 H1N1 influenza among individuals, especially among the younger population with mild illness, are not well understood now. The aim of this study was to determine the viral shedding of the young adult patients with mild 2009 H1N1 influenza in China.Methods From September 2009 to January 2010, the clinical data and serial nasopharyngeal swabs of 67 patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza and 37 patients with seasonal influenza aged from 18 years to 35 years were collected. The nasopharyngeal swab samples were detected by real time RT-PCR to determine the viral shedding. All the patients did not receive the antiviral therapy but Chinese medicine for detoxicating.Results Among the patients with H1N1 virus infection, 82.1% （55/67） patients presented with fever symptom, while more patients with high fever （≥39℃） were found in seasonal influenza patients （P〈0.05）. For the H1N1 patients, the median interval between the symptom onset and the undetectable RNA was six days （4-10 days）. But viral shedding was still found in 31.3% patients after 7 days following illness onset. The median interval between disappearance of fever and an undetectable viral RNA level was three days （2-8 days）, and 17.9% patients were found to be viral shedding 6 days later after normalization of body temperature. For the seasonal influenza patients, 94.6% patients were detected out viral RNA within 7 days. The median interval of seasonal influenza between the symptom onset and the undetectable RNA was four days （3-8 days）. The median interval between disappearance of fever and an undetectable viral RNA level was three days （2-6 days）.Conclusion It suggests that 7 days isolation period from the illness onset or 24 hours after the resolution of fever and respiratory symptoms are not long enough to cut off the transmission among Chinese young adults with mild illness
