An Approach for Human Posture Recognition Based on the Fusion PSE-CNN-BiGRU Model

This study proposes a pose estimation-convolutional neural network-bidirectional gated recurrent unit(PSECNN-BiGRU)fusion model for human posture recognition to address low accuracy issues in abnormal posture recognition due to the loss of some feature information and the deterioration of comprehensive performance in model detection in complex home environments.Firstly,the deep convolutional network is integrated with the Mediapipe framework to extract high-precision,multi-dimensional information from the key points of the human skeleton,thereby obtaining a human posture feature set.Thereafter,a double-layer BiGRU algorithm is utilized to extract multi-layer,bidirectional temporal features from the human posture feature set,and a CNN network with an exponential linear unit(ELU)activation function is adopted to perform deep convolution of the feature map to extract the spatial feature of the human posture.Furthermore,a squeeze and excitation networks(SENet)module is introduced to adaptively learn the importance weights of each channel,enhancing the network’s focus on important features.Finally,comparative experiments are performed on available datasets,including the public human activity recognition using smartphone dataset(UCIHAR),the public human activity recognition 70 plus dataset(HAR70PLUS),and the independently developed home abnormal behavior recognition dataset(HABRD)created by the authors’team.The results show that the average accuracy of the proposed PSE-CNN-BiGRU fusion model for human posture recognition is 99.56%,89.42%,and 98.90%,respectively,which are 5.24%,5.83%,and 3.19%higher than the average accuracy of the five models proposed in the comparative literature,including CNN,GRU,and others.The F1-score for abnormal posture recognition reaches 98.84%(heartache),97.18%(fall),99.6%(bellyache),and 98.27%(climbing)on the self-builtHABRDdataset,thus verifying the effectiveness,generalization,and robustness of the proposed model in enhancing human posture recognition.

Aerosol deposition technology and its applications in batteries

Aerosol deposition(AD)method is a kind of additive manufacturing technology for fabricating dense films such as metals and ceramics at room temperature.It resolves the challenge of integrating ceramic films onto temperaturesensitive substrates,including metals,glasses,and polymers.It should be emphasized that the AD is a spray coating technology that uses powder without thermal assistance to generate films with high density.Compared to the traditional sputter-based approach,the AD shows several advantages in efficiency,convenience,better interfacial bonding and so on.Therefore,it opens some possibilities to the field of batteries,especially all-solidstate batteries(ASSBs)and draws much attention not only for research but also for large scale applications.The purpose of this work is to provide a critical review on the science and technology of AD as well as its applications in the field of batteries.The process,mechanism and effective parameters of AD,and recent developments in AD applications in the field of batteries will be systematically reviewed so that a trend for AD will be finally provided.

Asymmetric Electrolytes Design for Aqueous Multivalent Metal Ion Batteries

With the rapid development of portable electronics and electric road vehicles,high-energy-density batteries have been becoming front-burner issues.Traditionally,homogeneous electrolyte cannot simultaneously meet diametrically opposed demands of high-potential cathode and low-potential anode,which are essential for high-voltage batteries.Meanwhile,homogeneous electrolyte is difficult to achieve bi-or multi-functions to meet different requirements of electrodes.In comparison,the asymmetric electrolyte with bi-or multi-layer disparate components can satisfy distinct requirements by playing different roles of each electrolyte layer and meanwhile compensates weakness of individual electrolyte.Consequently,the asymmetric electrolyte can not only suppress by-product sedimentation and continuous electrolyte decomposition at the anode while preserving active substances at the cathode for high-voltage batteries with long cyclic lifespan.In this review,we comprehensively divide asymmetric electrolytes into three categories:decoupled liquid-state electrolytes,bi-phase solid/liquid electrolytes and decoupled asymmetric solid-state electrolytes.The design principles,reaction mechanism and mutual compatibility are also studied,respectively.Finally,we provide a comprehensive vision for the simplification of structure to reduce costs and increase device energy density,and the optimization of solvation structure at anolyte/catholyte interface to realize fast ion transport kinetics.

Proof of Aerobically Autoxidized Self-Charge Concept Based on Single Catechol-Enriched Carbon Cathode Material

The self-charging concept has drawn considerable attention due to its excellent ability to achieve environmental energy harvesting,conversion and storage without an external power supply.However,most self-charging designs assembled by multiple energy harvesting,conversion and storage materials increase the energy transfer loss;the environmental energy supply is generally limited by climate and meteorological conditions,hindering the potential application of these selfpowered devices to be available at all times.Based on aerobic autoxidation of catechol,which is similar to the electrochemical oxidation of the catechol groups on the carbon materials under an electrical charge,we proposed an air-breathing chemical self-charge concept based on the aerobic autoxidation of catechol groups on oxygen-enriched carbon materials to ortho-quinone groups.Energy harvesting,conversion and storage functions could be integrated on a single carbon material to avoid the energy transfer loss among the different materials.Moreover,the assembled Cu/oxygen-enriched carbon battery confirmed the feasibility of the air-oxidation self-charging/electrical discharging mechanism for potential applications.This air-breathing chemical self-charge concept could facilitate the exploration of high-efficiency sustainable air self-charging devices.

Two-Stage Segmentation of Lung Cancer Metastasis Lesions by Fusion of Multi-Resolution Features

The deep learning method automatically extracts advanced features from a large amount of data, avoiding cumbersome manual feature screening, and using digital pathology and artificial intelligence technology to build a computer-aided diagnosis system to help pathologists quickly make objective and reliable diagnoses and improve work efficiency. Because pathological images are limited by factors such as sample size, manual labeling expertise, and complexity, artificial intelligence algorithms have not been extensively and in-depth researched on pathological images of lung cancer metastasis. Therefore, this paper proposes a lung cancer metastasis segmentation method based on pathological images, to further improve the computer-aided diagnosis method of lung cancer.

43例血管肉瘤临床治疗结果分析

目的:回顾性分析血管肉瘤(angiosarcoma,AS)患者临床治疗结果,并进行分析比较,确定结果的预测因素。方法:收集2000年1月至2021年3月北京大学肿瘤医院收治的43例血管肉瘤患者临床资料,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学单因素及多因素分析,主要疗效指标包括无进展生存期(progression-free survival,PFS)和总生存期(overall survival,OS),随访方式包括住院、门诊及电话随访,截止时间为2022年5月。结果:截至随访结束,43例患者中死亡21例(49%),生存22例(51%),中位随访时间为52(6~131)个月。中位PFS为16个月,中位OS为52个月。1、3、5年的PFS分别为55.6%、34.3%和22.2%;OS为93%、61.1%和49.7%。单因素分析显示,发病部位、肿瘤深度、分级及治疗方式与PFS相关;肿瘤深度、破溃、分级及治疗方式与OS相关(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,肿瘤深度及治疗方式是PFS的独立预后因素;肿瘤深度、破溃、分级是OS的独立预后因素(P<0.05)。结论:血管肉瘤临床以手术治疗为基础,但要避免盲目非计划手术;患者或可以从新辅助治疗中获益,化疗以紫杉类和蒽环类为主,对于局部晚期的患者可进行术前转化治疗;放疗对提高局部控制率有帮助;应重视手术、化疗、放疗的综合治疗。

Heterostructuring noble-metal-free 1T'phase MoS_(2) with g-C_(3)N_(4) hollow nanocages to improve the photocatalytic H2 evolution activity

In this work,we report the preparation of 1T'-MoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocage(NC)heterostructure by loading 2D semi-metal noble-metal-free 1T'-MoS_(2) on the g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocages(NCs).DFT calculation and experimental data have shown that the 1T'-MoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4) NC heterostructure has a stronger light absorption capacity and larger specific surface area than pure g-C_(3)N_(4) NCs and g-C_(3)N_(4) nanosheets(NSs),and the presence of the co-catalysts 1T'-MoS_(2) can effectively inhibit the photoinduced carrier recombination.As a result,the 1T'-MoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4) NC heterostructure with an optimum 1T'-MoS_(2) loading of 9 wt%displays a hydrogen evolution rate of 1949 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1),162.4,1.2,1.5,1.6 and 1.2 times than pure g-C_(3)N_(4) NCs(12 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1)),Pt/g-C_(3)N_(4) NCs(1615 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1))and Pt/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanosheets(NSs,1297 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1)),1T'-MoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanosheets(1216 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1))and 2H-MoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocages(1573 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1)),respectively,and exhibits excellent cycle stability.Therefore,1T'-MoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4) NC heterostructure is a suitable photocatalyst for green H_(2) production.

Flat soliton microcomb source

Mode-locked microcombs with flat spectral profiles provide the high signal-to-noise ratio and are in high demand for wavelength division multiplexing(WDM)-based applications,particularly in future high-capacity communication and parallel optical computing.Here,we present two solutions to generate local relatively flat spectral profiles.One microcavity with ultra-flat integrated dispersion is pumped to generate one relatively flat single soliton source spanning over 150 nm.Besides,one extraordinary soliton crystal with single vacancy demonstrates the local relatively flat microcomb lines when the inner soliton spacings are slightly irregular.Our work paves a new way for soliton-based applications owing to the relatively flat spectral characteristics.

Role of functional fatty acids in modulation of reproductive potential in livestock

Fatty acids are not only widely known as energy sources,but also play important roles in many metabolic pathways.The significance of fatty acids in modulating the reproductive potential of livestock has received greater recognition in recent years.Functional fatty acids and their metabolites improve follicular development,oocyte maturation and embryo development,as well as endometrial receptivity and placental vascular development,through enhancing energy supply and precursors for the synthesis of their productive hormones,such as steroid hormones and prosta-glandins.However,many studies are focused on the impacts of individual functional fatty acids in the reproductive cycle,lacking studies involved in deeper mechanisms and optimal fatty acid requirements for specific physiological stages.Therefore,an overall consideration of the combination and synergy of functional fatty acids and the establish-ment of optimal fatty acid requirement for specific stages is needed to improve reproductive potential in livestock.

Dynamic modelling and chaos control for a thin plate oscillator using Bubnov–Galerkin integral method

The utilization of thin plate systems based on acoustic vibration holds significant importance in micro-nano manipulation and the exploration of nonlinear science. This paper focuses on the analysis of an actual thin plate system driven by acoustic wave signals. By combining the mechanical analysis of thin plate microelements with the Bubnov–Galerkin integral method, the governing equation for the forced vibration of a square thin plate is derived. Notably,the reaction force of the thin plate vibration system is defined as f=α|w|, resembling Hooke’s law. The energy function and energy level curve of the system are also analyzed. Subsequently, the amplitude–frequency response function of the thin plate oscillator is solved using the harmonic balance method. Through numerical simulations, the amplitude–frequency curves are analyzed for different vibration modes under the influence of various parameters. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates the occurrence of conservative chaotic motions in the thin plate oscillator using theoretical and numerical methods. Dynamics maps illustrating the system’s states are presented to reveal the evolution laws of the system. By exploring the effects of force fields and system energy, the underlying mechanism of chaos is interpreted. Additionally, the phenomenon of chaos in the oscillator can be controlled through the method of velocity and displacement states feedback, which holds significance for engineering applications.

The incorporation of cocatalyst cobalt sulfide into graphitic carbon nitride:Boosted photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance and mechanism exploration

2D-layered graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is regarded as a great prospect as a photocatalyst for H_(2)generation.However,g-C_(3)N_(4)’s photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(HER)activity is significantly restricted by the recombination of photocarriers.We find that cobalt sulfide(CoS_(2))as a cocatalyst can promote g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets(NSs)to realize very efficient photocatalytic H_(2)generation.The prepared CoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)hybrids display highly boosted photocatalytic H_(2)generation performance and outstanding cycle stability.The optimized 7%-CoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)hybrids show a much improved photocatalytic H_(2)generation rate of 36.2μmol-1h-1,which is about 180 times as much as bare g-C_(3)N_(4)(0.2μmol-1h-1).In addition,the apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of all the samples was computed under light atλ=370 nm,in which the AQE of 7%-CoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)hybrids is up to 5.72%.The experimental data and the DFT calculation suggest that the CoS_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)hybrid’s excellent HER activity is attributable to the lower overpotential and the smaller Co-H bond activation energy for HER.Accordingly,the CoS_(2)cocatalyst loading effectively boosts the photocatalytic performance of g-C_(3)N_(4)for H_(2)evolution.The project promotes fast development of high-efficiency photocatalysts and low-cost for photocatalytic H_(2)generation.

SlMYB1 regulates the accumulation of lycopene, fruit shape, and resistance to Botrytis cinerea in tomato

Fruit lycopene,shape,and resistance are essential traits in vegetables whose final product is fruit,and they are also closely related to and strictly regulated by multiple transcription factors.Lycopene,which cannot be synthesized by the human body and can only be ingested from the outside,was important in maintaining human health.During fruit ripening and post-harvest,tomato plants face a variety of biotic or abiotic stresses,which might inf lict great damage to fruit quality due to its f lat shape and pointed tip during storage and transportation.Therefore,there is an urgent need for key molecular switches to simultaneously improve fruit lycopene and resistance to biotic stress during ripening.Here,we identified the MYB transcription factor SlMYB1 in tomato plants which could bind to the promoters of lycopene synthesis-related genes,SlLCY1,SlPSY2,and the pathogen-related gene SlPR5 directly,to regulate the fruit lycopene and resistance to Botrytis cinerea in tomato.In addition to regulating lycopene synthesis,SlMYB1 also regulates the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein and f lavonoid in tomato.What’s more,SlMYB1 could regulate the tomato fruit shape,making it smoother or f latter to prevent skin damage caused by vibration on fruits.RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)further showed that SlMYB1 fruit-specific expression lines had multiple differentially expressed genes compared with those from wild-type plants,suggesting that SlMYB1 might have multiple roles in fruit nutritional quality control and resistance to stresses,which is a rare occurrence in previous studies.In summary,our results revealed that SlMYB1 was an essential multi-functional transcription factor that could regulate the lycopene and resistance to Botrytis cinerea,and change the shape of fruit in tomato plants.

多柔比星脂质体联合达卡巴嗪治疗不可手术切除硬纤维瘤的疗效初探

目的:硬纤维瘤是一种交界性肿瘤,易复发,不转移。对于不可手术切除的硬纤维瘤患者可以考虑药物治疗。本研究探讨使用多柔比星脂质体联合达卡巴嗪方案治疗不可手术切除硬纤维瘤患者的临床效果。方法:选取2015年1月至2019年12月北京大学肿瘤医院收治的35例不可手术切除的硬纤维瘤患者作为研究对象,其中男性11例,女性24例;发病年龄3~53岁,平均年龄27.5岁;肿瘤大小:T2(5~10 cm)6例,T3(10~15 cm)11例,T4(>15 cm)12例,6例多发,无T1(<5 cm)。所有患者均接受多柔比星脂质体联合达卡巴嗪方案化疗,每2个周期进行影像学评效,若有效,至少化疗6个周期,最长12个周期。结果:化疗结束时评效,部分缓解(partial response,PR)10例,疾病稳定(stable disease,SD)24例,疾病进展(progressive disease,PD)1例,无完全缓解(complete response,CR)病例;客观反应率(objective response rate,ORR)为28.6%,疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)为97.1%。无进展生存时间(progression-free survival,PFS)2~50个月,中位无进展生存期(median progression-free survival,mPFS)为13个月,平均PFS为14.4个月,23例完成计划化疗患者PFS超过12个月,在5例患者中观察到结束化疗后肿瘤仍持续缩小。结论:对于不可手术切除的硬纤维瘤患者,多柔比星脂质体联合达卡巴嗪方案化疗是一种安全有效的药物治疗方法。

Efficacy of “Acceptance and Commitment Therapy” Psychological Nursing in a Stroke Patient

Objective: To summarize 1 case of ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, as “ACT”) psychological nursing clinical experience. Method: ACT Application for psychological nursing, provides detailed program guidance for psychological care. Results: Sleep quality, psychological flexibility and self-management ability of the patient have been improved. Conclusion: It’s the first time to apply ACT to the psychological nursing for a stroke patient, which has achieved good results;it provides a detailed clinical experience as guidance for the development of psychological nursing;it also provides a clinical basis for the follow-up exploration of psychological nursing technology model.

二代分子测序在软组织肉瘤中的应用价值分析

目的:探索中国人群软组织肉瘤常见的基因变异;分析二代基因测序技术(next-generation sequencing,NGS)在软组织肉瘤诊疗中的价值。方法:本研究纳入北京大学肿瘤医院2018年1月至2020年12月接受NGS检测的软组织肉瘤(soft tissue sarcomas,STS)患者,分析基因变异的频率和分布特点;统计具有临床治疗意义的基因变异情况,包括符合美国国立综合癌症网络(NCCN)或中国临床肿瘤学会指南(CSCO)治疗建议、超适应证治疗药物,或正在招募中的针对特定变异的临床试验;探索STS的肿瘤突变负荷(tumor mutational burden,TMB)水平及微卫星不稳定(microsatellite instability,MSI)状态。结果:108例患者中有74例(68.5%)的基因变异数≥1。共发现78种不同的基因变异,变异频率排名前10位的基因包括TP5312.3%(22/179)、MDM27.3%(13/179)、CDK45.6%(10/179)、CDKNB 3.9%(7/179),RB13.9%(7/179),ALK 2.8%(5/179),ATRX 2.8%(5/179),MCL12.8%(5/179),FGFR12.2%(4/179),PIK3CA 2.2%(4/179)。治疗获益方面,108例患者中有7例(6.5%)的突变基因符合指南治疗建议,31例(28.7%)具有超适应证治疗可能,56例(51.9%)可接受正在招募中的针对变异基因的STS临床试验,62例(57.4%)符合指南治疗建议或存在超适应证治疗可能或符合正在招募中的针对变异基因的STS临床实验。全组中位TMB值为2.42(0~60)muts/Mb,108例患者中有10例(9.3%)TMB值≥10 muts/Mb,24例(22.2%)TMB值5~10 muts/Mb,74例(68.5%)TMB值<5 muts/Mb。89例患者接受了MSI检测,仅1例患者为微卫星高度不稳定(MSI-H)(1.1%)。结论:软组织肉瘤常见的基因变异包括TP53、MDM2、CDK4、CDKNB和RB1。通过NGS检测获得符合指南治疗建议的比例较低,但获得超适应证用药和临床试验建议的比例较高。TMB值、MSI状态对STS患者的临床意义还需进一步证实。

聚醚醚酮物理老化行为与成型模拟

通过对注塑成型聚醚醚酮(PEEK)试样进行人工加速物理老化实验,得到试样屈服应力随物理老化时间的变化规律,以132℃为参考温度最终拟合得到以PEEK屈服应力为表征的物理老化模型。基于此模型并结合时温等效原理,预测PEEK注塑成型及后期物理老化过程中的屈服应力变化,并通过实验进行了验证。

Rapamycin promotes Schwann cell migration and nerve growth factor secretion

Rapamycin, similar to FKS06, can promote neural regeneration in vitro. We assumed that the mechanisms of action of rapamycin and FK506 in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration were similar. This study compared the effects of different concentrations of raparnycin and FK506 on Sc hwann cells and investigated effects and mechanisms of rapamycin on improving peripheral nerve regeneration. Results demonstrated that the lowest rapamycin concentration （1.53 nmol/L） more significantly promoted Schwann cell migration than the highest FK506 concentration （100μmol/L）. Rapamycin promoted the secretion of nerve growth factors and upregulated growth-associated protein 43 expression in Schwann cells, but did not significantly affect Schwann cell proliferation. Therefore, rapamycin has potential application in peripheral nerve regeneration therapy.

Comparison of yield performance between direct-seeded and transplanted double-season rice using ultrashort-duration varieties in central China

Labor scarcity requires double-season rice to be planted by direct seeding as an alternative to transplanting. Only ultrashort-duration varieties can be used in direct-seeded, double-season rice(DSD) in central China where thermal time is limited. Whether ultrashort-duration varieties grown in DSD can be as productive and efficient in nitrogen(N) use as transplanted double-season rice(TPD) remains unclear. Field experiments were conducted in Hubei province, central China with two establishment methods(DSD,TPD) and three N rates in the early and late seasons of 2017 and 2018. Nitrogen treatments included zero-N control(N0), total N rate of 60 kg N ha;with equal splits at basal, midtillering, and panicle initiation(N1), and weekly N application at 15 kg ha;from seeding/transplanting to heading(N2). Both early-and late-season rice under DSD matured within 95 days, on average 9 days shorter than rice under TPD. The grain yield of DSD was comparable to or higher than that of TDP in both seasons, although the daily yield was significantly higher under DSD than under TDP. Before heading, DSD had higher leaf area,stem number, intercepted radiation, and radiation use efficiency than TPD, which compensated for the negative effect of short growth duration on biomass production. Total dry weight and harvest index under DSD were comparable to or higher than those under TDP. In general, the recovery efficiency of fertilizer-N under DSD was higher than that under TPD, but the reverse was true for physiological N use efficiency. Thus, there was no significant difference in agronomic N use efficiency between DSD and TPD. These results suggested that DSD with ultrashort-duration varieties is a promising alternative to TPD in central China for maintaining high grain yield and N fertilizer use efficiency with less labor input.

The correlation and overlaps between PD-L1 expression and classical genomic aberrations in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients: a single center case series

Objective:To investigate the correlation and overlaps between PD-L1 expression and classical genomic aberrations in Chinese lung adenocarcinoma(LADC)patients.Methods:We reviewed 428 consecutive,surgically resected cases of LADC from October 2015 to December 2016 from our center.PD-L1 expression was evaluated based on tumor proportion score(TPS).Correlation and co-occurrence of PD-L1 expression level with those of classical driver genes,such as EGFR,ALK,ROS-1,and KRAS and with clinical variables and disease-free survival(DFS)were analyzed.Results:Seventy of the 428 cases(16.4%)showed TPS≥1%,and 21 cases(4.9%)showed TPS≥50%.PD-L1 positive expression was significantly associated with male gender,smoking,advanced TNM stage,and solid histologic subtype.Both TPS≥1% and ≥50%were correlated with the absence of an EGFR mutation(P<0.001)and the presence of ALK rearrangement(P=0.024).KRAS mutation was associated with TPS≥50%(P=0.035).PD-L1 positivity commonly overlapped with the alterations of classical driver oncogenes(58.5%with TPS≥1% and 42.9% with TPS≥50%).Approximately three-quarters of PD-L1 positive cases co-occurred with classical therapeutic-gene aberrations in cases with stage III/IV cancer or cancer progression.LADC could be divided into four subgroups based on the expression profile of current routine biomarkers for potential therapeutic strategies.Conclusions:PD-L1 expression is not only closely correlated with classic gene alterations but also commonly overlaps with the aberrations of classical driver oncogenes in Chinese LADC patients.These findings provide a useful overview of clinical strategies that rely on the profile of routinely used molecular biomarkers.

Chip-Based High-Dimensional Optical Neural Network

Parallel multi-thread processing in advanced intelligent processors is the core to realize high-speed and high-capacity signal processing systems.Optical neural network(ONN)has the native advantages of high parallelization,large bandwidth,and low power consumption to meet the demand of big data.Here,we demonstrate the dual-layer ONN with Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI)network and nonlinear layer,while the nonlinear activation function is achieved by optical-electronic signal conversion.Two frequency components from the microcomb source carrying digit datasets are simultaneously imposed and intelligently recognized through the ONN.We successfully achieve the digit classification of different frequency components by demultiplexing the output signal and testing power distribution.Efficient parallelization feasibility with wavelength division multiplexing is demonstrated in our high-dimensional ONN.This work provides a high-performance architecture for future parallel high-capacity optical analog computing.