调水工程对调蓄水库水温影响的研究

调水工程是解决地区水资源不足或时空分布不均衡问题的必要工程措施,不同水库间通过管道和河流调水会对调蓄水库水温产生影响。采用二维水流水温数学模型模拟了吉林省引松供水工程调水对调节水库石头口门水库水温的影响。计算结果表明,调水对调蓄水库水温影响的范围、时间主要和调水量、调水温差、水库水深、入水口位置等有密切关系。引松供水工程调水量和调蓄水库的水量相比很小,调水对水库水温分布的影响有限。调水入水口位于库尾,受影响的范围基本局限于水库库尾局部范围内,水温影响在1个月内即达到平衡,对整个库区和坝前影响很小。调水工程入水口远离坝址可以减小调水对调蓄水库及下游河流的影响程度。

Expression profiling of immune cells in systemic lupuserythematosus by single-cell RNA sequencing

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by abnormal cellular and humoral immune responses and excessive autoantibody production.The precise pathologic mechanism of SLE remains elusive.The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)enables unbiased analysis of the molecular differences of cell populations at the single-cell level.We used scRNA-seq to profile the transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an SLE patient compared with a healthy control(HC).A total of 16,021 cells were analyzed and partitioned into 12 distinct clusters.The marker genes of each cluster and the four major immune cell types(B cells,CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells,myeloid cells,and NK cells)were determined.Moreover,several genes involved in antigen processing and presentation through MHCII were highly enriched.GO enrichment analyses revealed abnormal gene expression patterns and signaling pathways in SLE.Of note,pseudotime analysis revealed that there was a different lineage hierarchy in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of the SLE patient,indicating that the cell states were substantially altered under disease conditions.Our analysis provides a comprehensive map of the cell types and states of the PBMCs of SLE patients at the single-cell level for a better understanding of the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of SLE.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals the ameliorative effect of rosmarinic acid on diabetic nephropathy-induced kidney injury by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a severe complication of diabetes,characterized by changes in kidney structure and function.The natural product rosmarinic acid(RA)has demonstrated therapeutic effects,including anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative-stress,in renal damage or dysfunction.In this study,we characterized the heterogeneity of the cellular response in kidneys to DN-induced injury and RA treatment at single cell levels.Our results demonstrated that RA significantly alleviated renal tubular epithelial injury,particularly in the proximal tubular S1 segment and on glomerular epithelial cells known as podocytes,while attenuating the inflammatory response of macrophages,oxidative stress,and cytotox-icity of natural killer cells.These findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which RA alleviates kidney damage,oxidative stress,and inflammation,offering valuable guidance for the clinical application of RA in the treatment of DN.

Single-cell transcriptomics systematically discloses the immune-inflammatory responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells for diabetic nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy(DN)has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease with high morbidity and mortality among individuals with diabetes mellitus.Although functional alterations of renal infiltrating immune cells have been reported as part of the pathological mechanism of DN,the understanding of the immune response underlying peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)in DN remains limited.Here,single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was used toprofile the transcriptomic signatures of PBMCs from DN patients.