钙敏感受体在心血管生理和疾病中的作用

钙敏感受体(calcium sensing receptor,CaSR)是G蛋白偶联受体(GPCRs)C家族成员之一,能被Ca^2+、Mg^2+、氨基酸、多胺等激活,它是公认的具有广泛表达功能的受体,在甲状旁腺、肾脏、肠道、骨骼系统高度表达,也在心血管系统的不同组织中表达,发挥不同作用,从而参与心血管系统的生理病理过程。本综述是概述CaSR对心血管系统的重要性。

Leak-off behavior and water shut-off performance of a polymer/chromium(Cr^(3+)) gel in fractured media

During gel treatments for fractures, the leak-off behavior of gelant has a great effect on the water shut-off performance of gel. Experiments were carried out using a polymer/chromium(Cr^(3+)) gel system to explore the leak-off behavior and the water shut-off performance of gel in fractured media. Results of the gelant leak-off study show that the gelant leak-off from fracture into matrix contributes to the formation of the gelant leak-off layer during the gelant injection. Moreover, because of the gradual formation of the gelant leak-off layer along fracture, the initial leak-off ratio of gelant is relatively high, but it declines and finally levels off with the increase of the injection volume. The polymer concentration of gelant has a great effect on the chromium output in fluids produced from fractures. With the increase of the polymer concentration, the chromium concentration first decreases and then increases, and the leak-off depth of gelant into matrix is gradually reduced. Results of the water shut-off study present that the decrease of the chromium concentration inside the fracture greatly reduces the water shut-off performance after the gel formation. Therefore, because of the relatively high degree of chromium leak-off, enough injection volume of gelant is essential to ensure the sufficient chromium concentration inside the fracture and to further achieve a favorable water shut-off performance. On the premise of gel strength assurance inside the fracture, the water shut-off performance of gel gradually declines with the extension of the distance from the fracture inlet, and different leak-off degrees of gelant along the fracture are responsible for this phenomenon. Therefore, a proper degree of gelant leak-off contributes to enhancing the water shut-off performance of gel for fractures.

炎症因子IL-6、hsCRP和TNF-α与心房颤动相关性研究

目的探讨炎症因子白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(high sensitive C-reactive protein,hsCRP)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNF-α)与心房颤动(atrial fibrillation,AF)的相关性。方法选择2017年10月~2018年10月就诊于我院的非瓣膜性AF患者67例,按照AF持续时间分为阵发性AF组21例,持续性AF组22例,永久性AF组24例。窦性心律患者25例作为对照组。对各组血清IL-6、hsCRP、TNF-α水平、左房前后径进行比较,分析与心房颤动的相关性。结果阵发性AF组、持续性AF组、永久性AF组左房前后径增大,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阵发性AF组hsCRP高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),IL-6、TNF-α虽高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);持续性AF组、永久性AF组IL-6、hsCRP、TNF-α水平,与对照组比较均增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);持续性AF组、永久性AF组IL-6、hsCRP、TNF-α的水平均高于阵发性AF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);永久性AF组IL-6、hsCRP、TNF-α的水平均高于持续性AF组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清IL-6的水平与左房前后径的大小呈正相关(R^(2)=0.6021,P<0.05);血清hsCRP的水平与左房前后径的大小呈正相关(R^(2)=0.5547,P<0.05);血清TNF-α的水平与左房前后径的大小呈正相关(R^(2)=0.5320,P<0.05)。结论炎症标志物通过炎症反应和影响心房结构重构参与AF的发生、发展。