The key point for rational allocation of emergency resources is to match the oil spill response capacity with the risk of oil spill. This paper proposes an innovative risk-based model for quantitative regional emergen...The key point for rational allocation of emergency resources is to match the oil spill response capacity with the risk of oil spill. This paper proposes an innovative risk-based model for quantitative regional emergency resource allocation, which comprehensively analyzes the factors such as oil spill probability, hazard consequences, oil properties, weathering process and operation efficiency, etc. The model calculates three major resources, i.e., mechanical recovery, dispersion and absorption, according to the results of risk assessment. In a field application in Xiaohu Port, Guangzhou, China, and the model achieved scientific and rational allocation of emergency resources by matching the assessed risk with the regional capacity, and allocating emergency resources according to capability target. The model is considered to be beneficial to enhancing the resource efficiency and may contribute to the planning of capacity-building programs in high-risk areas.展开更多
This study aims to evaluate the subacute toxic effects of oil under different treatments on marine organism by simulating natural contaminative processes. In this study, 120# （RMD15） fuel oil was selected as the pol...This study aims to evaluate the subacute toxic effects of oil under different treatments on marine organism by simulating natural contaminative processes. In this study, 120# （RMD15） fuel oil was selected as the pollutant and marine medaka （Oryzias melastigma） embryos as the experimental organism. The developmental toxicity of different volume concentrations （0.05%, 0.2%, 1% and 5%） of water-accommodated fractions, biologically-enhanced water-accommodated fractions, and chemically-enhanced water-accommodated fractions on the embryos in different exposure time （8, 15 and 22 d） were compared and the content of relevant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） was studied （in dispersion and in vivo）. The subacute toxic effects were assessed in terms of antioxidant activities of enzymes （superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase） and the blue sac disease （BSD） indexes.The results showed that the BSD indexes of the treatment groups were significantly higher than the respective control groups and showed positive correlations with both concentration and exposure time. The experiments with three antioxidant enzymes indicated that enzymatic activities of the embryos changed dramatically under the oxidation stress of petroleum hydrocarbons, especially after adding the dispersants. With the increase of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration and exposure time, the three enzymes showed different degrees of induction and inhibition effects.展开更多
基金The Twelfth Five-Year National Science and Technology Support Program under contract No.2012BAC14B06the National Key R&D Program Marine Environmental Safety Guarantee Special Project under contract No.2016YFC1402306
文摘The key point for rational allocation of emergency resources is to match the oil spill response capacity with the risk of oil spill. This paper proposes an innovative risk-based model for quantitative regional emergency resource allocation, which comprehensively analyzes the factors such as oil spill probability, hazard consequences, oil properties, weathering process and operation efficiency, etc. The model calculates three major resources, i.e., mechanical recovery, dispersion and absorption, according to the results of risk assessment. In a field application in Xiaohu Port, Guangzhou, China, and the model achieved scientific and rational allocation of emergency resources by matching the assessed risk with the regional capacity, and allocating emergency resources according to capability target. The model is considered to be beneficial to enhancing the resource efficiency and may contribute to the planning of capacity-building programs in high-risk areas.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No.41276105/D0608
文摘This study aims to evaluate the subacute toxic effects of oil under different treatments on marine organism by simulating natural contaminative processes. In this study, 120# （RMD15） fuel oil was selected as the pollutant and marine medaka （Oryzias melastigma） embryos as the experimental organism. The developmental toxicity of different volume concentrations （0.05%, 0.2%, 1% and 5%） of water-accommodated fractions, biologically-enhanced water-accommodated fractions, and chemically-enhanced water-accommodated fractions on the embryos in different exposure time （8, 15 and 22 d） were compared and the content of relevant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） was studied （in dispersion and in vivo）. The subacute toxic effects were assessed in terms of antioxidant activities of enzymes （superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase） and the blue sac disease （BSD） indexes.The results showed that the BSD indexes of the treatment groups were significantly higher than the respective control groups and showed positive correlations with both concentration and exposure time. The experiments with three antioxidant enzymes indicated that enzymatic activities of the embryos changed dramatically under the oxidation stress of petroleum hydrocarbons, especially after adding the dispersants. With the increase of petroleum hydrocarbon concentration and exposure time, the three enzymes showed different degrees of induction and inhibition effects.
