Porous Pt thin films were prepared on carbon papers by a single-step ultra-high dc magnetron sputtering method to obtain ideal electrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.The platinum loading of the electrocata...Porous Pt thin films were prepared on carbon papers by a single-step ultra-high dc magnetron sputtering method to obtain ideal electrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.The platinum loading of the electrocatalyst layer is controlled at about 0.1 mg·cm^(-2).Structural characteristics and catalytic activities of the films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,atomic force microscopy,X-ray diffraction,cyclic voltammetry,and stress durability testing methods.The effect of treatment conditions of a substrate on the structural and performance characteristics of the catalytic films was shown as well.Films produced on acid-treated carbon papers at the argon pressure of 0.01 mbar possessed a homogeneous,highly developed surface along with a porous structure.Compared to Pt/TCPW(Toray carbon papers soaked in ultrapure water)electrodes,the film obtained on the acid-treated substrate had a larger electrochemical surface area(163.33 m^(2)·g^(-1))and exhibited better catalytic stability and durability due to a porous structure as a result of Pt particle accumulation.展开更多
采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)在不同衬底温度(常温、50、100、150、200℃)下制备了碳氮(CNx)薄膜,并对其形貌、结构及光学性能进行了研究。通过扫描电镜得出随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜由疏松逐渐变得致密。X射线光电子能谱分析表...采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)在不同衬底温度(常温、50、100、150、200℃)下制备了碳氮(CNx)薄膜,并对其形貌、结构及光学性能进行了研究。通过扫描电镜得出随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜由疏松逐渐变得致密。X射线光电子能谱分析表明:薄膜的结合健有sp^2C=C、sp^3C-C、sp^2C=N和sp^3C-N。随着衬底温度的升高,sp^2C=C的比例没有明显变化,sp3C-C比例逐渐增大(28.6%~36.4%),sp^3C-N的比例也逐渐增大(21.4%~33.4%),而sp^2C=N的比例减小(40.2%~21%)。反射光谱和吸收光谱显示:随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜在200~800 nm波段内的反射率增大(8%~40%),吸收率减小(92%~60%)。进一步推导得到薄膜的光学带隙随着衬底温度的升高而增大(2.5~3.57 e V),主要由薄膜中sp^2C=N减少导致的。本文实现了对CN_x薄膜在紫外可见波段范围内的光学带隙的调控。展开更多
Hydrothermal(HT)ZnO substrates were usually used as seeds for the vapor growth of ZnO crystals.In this work,ZnO bulk crystals were grown using the relatively low-cost GaN/AlOsubstrates as seeds by chemical vapor trans...Hydrothermal(HT)ZnO substrates were usually used as seeds for the vapor growth of ZnO crystals.In this work,ZnO bulk crystals were grown using the relatively low-cost GaN/AlOsubstrates as seeds by chemical vapor transport(CVT).With the increase of growth time,the dislocation densities in the crystal decreased from about 1×10^(6) to 6×10^(3) cm^(-2).The carrier concentration decreased from 1.24×10^(19) to 1.57×10^(17)cm^(-3),while the carrier mobility increased from 63.8 to 179 cm^(2)/(V·s).The optical transmittance in the VIS-NIR wavelength increased significantly in combination with the decreasing dislocation densities and impurity concentrations.The dislocation lines and related fast diffusion paths gradually decreased and disappeared in the late growth stage,and the crystal qualities were consequently improved.The experimental results show that the properties of as-grown ZnO crystals are comparable with bulk ZnO grown on the HT substrates to some extent.The GaN/Al_(2)O_(3) seeds may have a potential application value in the industrial production of ZnO single crystals.展开更多
The nucleation process of graphene films prepared by pulsed laser deposition has been investigated in detail. It is found that graphene nucleates at the steps on the substrate surface firstly, from aggregation of nucl...The nucleation process of graphene films prepared by pulsed laser deposition has been investigated in detail. It is found that graphene nucleates at the steps on the substrate surface firstly, from aggregation of nuclei into particles. High pulsed laser energy offers large incident energy for carbon particles deposited on the surface of the substrate, which is beneficial to the nucleation of graphene. A lot of steps are formed on the copper substrate due to the high temperature, so that the high incident energetic carbon species are able to form a stable nucleus at the steps. As the incident particles increases, the graphene nuclei are combined to grow together. Further, it is found that graphene tends to form few layer graphene particles instead of large graphene sheets.展开更多
基金Funded by the Doctoral Fund of Southwest University of Science and Technology(Nos.19zx7131 and 18zx7132)the Applied Fundamental Research Projects of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.2020YJ0333)+1 种基金the Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory:6142A04180405Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory:ZY2018-07。
文摘Porous Pt thin films were prepared on carbon papers by a single-step ultra-high dc magnetron sputtering method to obtain ideal electrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells.The platinum loading of the electrocatalyst layer is controlled at about 0.1 mg·cm^(-2).Structural characteristics and catalytic activities of the films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,atomic force microscopy,X-ray diffraction,cyclic voltammetry,and stress durability testing methods.The effect of treatment conditions of a substrate on the structural and performance characteristics of the catalytic films was shown as well.Films produced on acid-treated carbon papers at the argon pressure of 0.01 mbar possessed a homogeneous,highly developed surface along with a porous structure.Compared to Pt/TCPW(Toray carbon papers soaked in ultrapure water)electrodes,the film obtained on the acid-treated substrate had a larger electrochemical surface area(163.33 m^(2)·g^(-1))and exhibited better catalytic stability and durability due to a porous structure as a result of Pt particle accumulation.
文摘采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)在不同衬底温度(常温、50、100、150、200℃)下制备了碳氮(CNx)薄膜,并对其形貌、结构及光学性能进行了研究。通过扫描电镜得出随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜由疏松逐渐变得致密。X射线光电子能谱分析表明:薄膜的结合健有sp^2C=C、sp^3C-C、sp^2C=N和sp^3C-N。随着衬底温度的升高,sp^2C=C的比例没有明显变化,sp3C-C比例逐渐增大(28.6%~36.4%),sp^3C-N的比例也逐渐增大(21.4%~33.4%),而sp^2C=N的比例减小(40.2%~21%)。反射光谱和吸收光谱显示:随着衬底温度的升高,薄膜在200~800 nm波段内的反射率增大(8%~40%),吸收率减小(92%~60%)。进一步推导得到薄膜的光学带隙随着衬底温度的升高而增大(2.5~3.57 e V),主要由薄膜中sp^2C=N减少导致的。本文实现了对CN_x薄膜在紫外可见波段范围内的光学带隙的调控。
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11905199,11904299,and U1930124)。
文摘Hydrothermal(HT)ZnO substrates were usually used as seeds for the vapor growth of ZnO crystals.In this work,ZnO bulk crystals were grown using the relatively low-cost GaN/AlOsubstrates as seeds by chemical vapor transport(CVT).With the increase of growth time,the dislocation densities in the crystal decreased from about 1×10^(6) to 6×10^(3) cm^(-2).The carrier concentration decreased from 1.24×10^(19) to 1.57×10^(17)cm^(-3),while the carrier mobility increased from 63.8 to 179 cm^(2)/(V·s).The optical transmittance in the VIS-NIR wavelength increased significantly in combination with the decreasing dislocation densities and impurity concentrations.The dislocation lines and related fast diffusion paths gradually decreased and disappeared in the late growth stage,and the crystal qualities were consequently improved.The experimental results show that the properties of as-grown ZnO crystals are comparable with bulk ZnO grown on the HT substrates to some extent.The GaN/Al_(2)O_(3) seeds may have a potential application value in the industrial production of ZnO single crystals.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51521001)the“111”Project(No.B13035)
文摘The nucleation process of graphene films prepared by pulsed laser deposition has been investigated in detail. It is found that graphene nucleates at the steps on the substrate surface firstly, from aggregation of nuclei into particles. High pulsed laser energy offers large incident energy for carbon particles deposited on the surface of the substrate, which is beneficial to the nucleation of graphene. A lot of steps are formed on the copper substrate due to the high temperature, so that the high incident energetic carbon species are able to form a stable nucleus at the steps. As the incident particles increases, the graphene nuclei are combined to grow together. Further, it is found that graphene tends to form few layer graphene particles instead of large graphene sheets.
