珠江口盆地HZ26-6构造“双古”领域油气成藏特点与富集规律

研究珠江口盆地HZ26-6构造“双古”领域油气成藏期次和油气成藏条件,探讨油气成藏特点与富集规律。在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,通过铸体薄片鉴定、包裹体均一温度测定等手段,厘清了HZ26-6构造“双古”领域三大油气主力成藏期及对应的流体充注类型,即13.8~10 Ma B.P.的低熟原油充注期,10~5.3 Ma B.P.的成熟原油充注期,5.3 Ma B.P.以来的天然气充注期;依据实际的地质、钻井、测井、地震等资料梳理了HZ26-6构造“双古”领域三大油气成藏关键条件,即以“早期低熟缓慢生油,晚期高熟快速生气”为特点的烃源条件,以“裂缝带风化叠加改造成储,转换带砂砾岩体规模成储”为特征的储层条件,以“通源断裂多期跨层输导,深缝浅砂侧向差异运移”为特征的输导条件。HZ26-6构造“双古”领域具有“早油晚气,宽窗强供;扇加潜山,规模储集;断缝断砂,高效输导;递进充注,整装成藏”的油气成藏特点,以及“油型盆地早油晚气条件下,宽窗强势供烃、‘双古’整装成藏”的油气富集规律。

东海盆地西湖凹陷花港组储层孔隙演化与油气充注关系

采用岩石薄片鉴定、扫描电镜、电子探针、流体包裹体分析等测试技术,在储层基本特征分析基础之上,结合埋藏史、热演化史,利用孔隙恢复定量计算方法,对东海盆地西湖凹陷中央反转构造带中北部渐新统花港组致密砂岩储层的孔隙演化进行系统恢复,并探讨了孔隙演化与油气充注关系。研究表明,花港组储层孔隙演化主要经历了早成岩B期末的14.28%,中成岩A期末的10.35%,中成岩B期的8.75%。伴随储层成岩—孔隙演化,花港组储层先后接受了3期油气充注。第一、二期(19~17 Ma和17~9 Ma)油气充注发生于储层尚未致密的中成岩A期末以前,尽管其成藏意义不大,但充注带入的有机酸性流体却对储层物性改善起到了关键性作用,为后续油气充注提供了有利条件。第三期(7~0 Ma)大规模油气充注发生于储层逐渐致密化的中成岩A期末—中成岩B期,主要充注对象为埋深较浅且尚未完全致密化的花港组H3小层。因此,H3小层是现今花港组在总体致密化背景下相对最为有利的油气勘探目标。

东海西湖凹陷中央反转构造带古近系花港组致密砂岩储集层控制因素

采用岩石薄片鉴定、锆石U-Pb测年、扫描电镜、电子探针、激光微区碳氧同位素组成分析等技术手段,对东海盆地西湖凹陷古近系花港组致密砂岩储集层开展了岩石学特征、成岩环境演变以及储集层发育控制因素的综合研究。研究发现,中央反转构造带花港组砂岩物性整体较差,岩石类型以长石岩屑质石英砂岩为主,石英含量高,碎屑颗粒粗,杂基、高岭石、胶结物含量低;有机酸和大气淡水所形成的酸性成岩环境对次生孔隙的形成意义重大;花港组致密砂岩中相对优质储集层的发育与分布受控于沉积物源、沉积相带、成岩环境演变及异常高压。沉积物源及优势沉积相使得花港组砂岩具有良好的原始物性,是后期相对优质储集层发育的先决条件,异常高压对花港组储集层物性的改善主要体现在对原生孔隙的保护。纵向上,成岩环境演变差异性导致了花港组相对优质储集层集中分布于酸性成岩环境中;横向上,中北部相对优质储集层集中分布于异常高压发育的花港组下段,中南部集中分布于埋藏相对较浅的花港组上段。

新时代“人才兴粮”战略实施进程中“粮工巧匠”培养研究

党的十八大以来,以习近平同志为核心的党中央从新的战略高度对我国粮食工作做出了一系列部署和要求。保障国家粮食安全离不开人才支撑,培养造就一批"粮工巧匠"尤为重要。通过对"粮工巧匠"总体数量、结构以及培养现状进行调查,分析了新时代"人才兴粮"工作对"粮工巧匠"的需求,提出了培养和造就"粮工巧匠"的方法和途径,为新时代"人才兴粮"实施进程中粮食科技创新人才、粮食高技能人才和粮食后备人才等的培养路径提供参考。

基于多元统计分析的油-源对比——以渤海湾盆地渤东凹陷为例

多元统计分析可以综合考虑多个相关参数间的相互联系,在分类判别方面具有独特的优势,是多套烃源岩发育的复杂背景下油气源对比的有效方法。然而不同的多元统计方法在同一案例中的对比应用以及各自的适用性尚没有学者进行专门的研究分析。渤海湾盆地渤东凹陷发育多套烃源岩,不同构造的油气来源异常复杂,是利用多元统计分析进行油-源对比的最佳案例。综合对比主成分分析、Fisher线性判别分析以及Bayes线性判别分析的应用情况,发现主成分分析不能区分不同层位的烃源岩,因而不能用于渤东凹陷的油源对比,而Fisher和Bayes线性判别分析建立的模型可以区分不同层位的烃源岩,但都不能准确识别混源油。在Bayes判别模型得到的分类概率的基础上,通过优化Bayes判别模型的判别准则,建立了适用于渤东凹陷的油源判别模型,并识别出渤东凹陷存在4类油族,其中油族A、油族B、油族C分别来源于东营组三段(东三段)、沙一段-沙二段、沙三段烃源岩,而油族D为来源于东三段和沙一段-沙二段烃源岩的混源油。

Factors controlling the development of tight sandstone reservoirs in the Huagang Formation of the central inverted structural belt in Xihu sag, East China Sea Basin

By means of thin section analysis, zircon U-Pb dating, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe, laser micro carbon and oxygen isotope analysis, the lithologic features, diagenetic environment evolution and controlling factors of the tight sandstone reservoirs in the Huagang Formation of Xihu sag, East China Sea Basin were comprehensively studied. The results show that: the sandstones of the Huagang Formation in the central inverted structural belt are poor in physical properties, dominated by feldspathic lithic quartz sandstone, high in quartz content, low in matrix, kaolinite and cement contents, and coarse in clastic grains;the acidic diagenetic environment formed by organic acids and meteoric water is vital for the formation of secondary pores in the reservoirs;and the development and distribution of the higher quality reservoirs in the tight sandstones of the Huagang Formation are controlled by sediment source, sedimentary facies belt, abnormal overpressure and diagenetic environment evolution. Sediment provenance and dominant sedimentary facies led to favorable initial physical properties of the sandstones in the Huagang Formation, which is the prerequisite for development of reservoirs with better quality later. Abnormal high pressure protected the primary pores, thus improving physical properties of the reservoirs in the Huagang Formation. Longitudinally, due to the difference in diagenetic environment evolution, the high-quality reservoirs in the Huagang Formation are concentrated in the sections formed in acidic diagenetic environment. Laterally, the high-quality reservoirs are concentrated in the lower section of the Huagang Formation with abnormal high pressure in the middle-northern part;but concentrated in the upper section of Huagang Formation shallower in burial depth in the middle-southern part.

Multi-Stage Fluid Charging and Critical Period of Hydrocarbon Accumulation of the Sinian Dengying Formation in Central Sichuan Basin

Objective The natural gas exploration of the Sinian reservoirs in the central Sichuan Basin has made a significant breakthrough in recent years, and has thus attracted much attention among geologists. The Sichuan Basin is known to have complicated geological settings, which has experienced multiple stages of tectonic evolution, fluid charging and hydrocarbon accumulation. This research aims to determine the geochemical characteristics of each stage of fluids, the features and time interval of fluid activity in different geologic periods, and further to restore the critical period and geological age of the hydrocarbon accumulation.

Studies on the Inversion Phenomenon of Physical Properties Observed in the Huagang Formation Reservoir in the Xihu Sag Based on the Water-Rock Reaction Experiments

In the Xihu Sag,the reservoirs of the Paleogene Huagang formation have entered the middle diagenetic stage A and the rock physical properties of the water layer are considerably more suitable for the gas migration and storage than those of the present gas layer,indicating the inversion of the physical properties.In this study,core samples were collected from the corresponding reservoir to conduct water-rock reaction experiments in acidic,alkaline,and neutral systems under the specific temperature and pressure.The reasons for the inversion of physical properties were investigated based on the experiment results in reservoir diagenetic environments.The inversion of physical properties can be attributed to the fact that the diagenetic environment around the gas-water interface controls the water-rock reaction effect.With different types of acidic substances,two different situations corresponding to inverted physical properties were analyzed along with the corresponding mechanisms.When the pore fluid is acidic,the physical properties make the overall water layer a better reservoir space than the gas layer,which can be referred to as the overall inversion of physical properties.When the fluid were generally neutral or weakly alkaline and the gas layer was rich in CO2,only the physical properties of the water layer adjacent to the gas-water interface were more favorable for the gas migration than those of the gas layer.This phenomenon can be referred to as the near-interface inversion of physical properties.

Paleosalinity and Its Association with Organic Matter: A Case Study from the Eocene Shahejie Formation, Laizhou Bay Sag, Bohai Bay Basin (China)

Paleosalinity is vital for the paleoenvironmental reconstruction and affects the formation of source rock.The lower-middle sections of the third member of Eocene Shahejie formation(Es3M-L)constitute the most important source rock layer in Laizhou Bay Sag.However,the paleosalinity of the depositional water in which Es3M-L submembers are deposited remains unclear.A series of integrated experiments,including major and trace elements,X-ray diffraction,total organic carbon,and Rock-Eval,was performed to reveal the paleosalinity and its relationship with organic matter(OM).Various inorganic proxies(Sr/Ba,Rb/K,B/Ga,Walker’s paleosalimeter,Adam’s paleosalimeter,and Couch’s paleosalimeter)were employed to determine the paleosalinity of samples.Prominent differences existed in the proxies.Couch’s paleosalimeter is the most reliable and qualitative approach for Laizhou Bay Sag.Samples from the lake center(depocenter)and margin showed paleosalinities from 4.92 wt‰to 9.73 wt‰,suggesting a ubiquitous brackish(oligohaline-mesohaline)water body in the paleolake.Molybdenum enrichment in samples indicates an oxygen-depleted(suboxic or anoxic)condition.The increase in salinity has a certain but non-significant positive correlation with oxygen reduction.This condition may be attributed to the weak stratification of the water column in brackish water bodies.Moreover,paleosalinity has a weak and indirect relationship with OM accumulation during the deposition of Es3M-L submembers in Laizhou Bay Sag.

Fluid charging and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation of Moxi Structure,Sichuan Basin,SW China

The multi-stage minerals filled in pore space were sequenced, and the charging stages of fluid and hydrocarbon were reconstructed based on the observation of drilling cores and thin sections, homogeneous temperature testing of fluid inclusions, Laser Raman composition analysis and isotope geochemical analysis. The Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in the study area went through 5 stages of fluid charging, in which 3 stages, mid-late Triassic, early-mid Jurassic and early-mid Cretaceous, were related to oil and gas charging. Especially the oil and gas charging event in early-mid Cretaceous was the critical period of gas accumulation in the study area, and was recorded by methane gas inclusions in the late stage quartz fillings. The ^(40) Ar-^(39) Ar dating of the 3 rd stage methane inclusions shows that the natural gas charging of this stage was from 125.8±8.2 Ma. Analysis of Si, O isotopes and ^(87) Sr/^(86) Sr of the late stage quartz indicates that the fluid source of the quartz was formation water coming from long term evolution and concentration of meteoric water, but not from deep part or other sources, this also reflects that, in the critical charging period of natural gas, the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in Moxi structure had favorable conservation conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation, which was favorable for the formation of the Longwangmiao large natural gas pool.

Genesis of the Sinian Solid Bitumen and its Significance for Hydrocarbon Accumulation in the Anyue Gas Field of the Sichuan Basin

Objective Bitumen is generally associated with oil and gas, which was originally used as an indicator of hydrocarbon reservoirs. With the progress of organic geochemical measuring and testing techniques, bitumen, especially solid bitumen sampled from reservoirs, has been proved to be closely related to the evolution of hydrocarbon reservoirs. The Sinian cores collected from the Anyue gas field contain abundant pores, vugs and fractures, which are filled with a mass of solid bitumen of two epochs and dolomite in between. This work focused on the characteristics of different generations of bitumen and the genesis, in an effort to better understand the process of the Sinian gas accumulation in the Anyue gas field.

渝西—川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组深层页岩气储层岩相及孔隙特征

四川盆地渝西—川南地区普遍发育深层页岩气储层,但受复杂的构造—沉积分异影响,深层页岩气潜力差异显著。针对研究区五峰组—龙马溪组深层页岩矿物成分变化大、孔隙特征差异大、甜点追踪难度大的现状,选取渝西—川南地区8口典型深层页岩气井中五峰组23块及龙马溪组龙一段32块样品开展TOC含量、镜质体反射率(Ro)、X射线衍射(XRD)全岩成分、低压N2吸附等分析测试,对深层页岩气储层的岩相分布与孔隙结构特征展开研究,查明深层页岩气储层孔隙结构特征的主控因素及其对深层页岩气富集的潜在影响。研究发现,研究区五峰组—龙马溪组龙一段深层页岩以硅质页岩岩相组合为主,其中五峰组以含黏土硅质页岩相及混合硅质页岩相为主,龙马溪组龙一段以混合硅质页岩相与硅质页岩相为主。五峰组的BET比表面积为8.50~16.73 m^(2)/g,均值12.06 m^(2)/g;龙马溪组龙一段的BET比表面积为13.78~27.09 m^(2)/g,均值21.33 m^(2)/g,约为五峰组的2倍。埋藏深度对研究区深层页岩的BET比表面积、BJH平均孔径、DFT微孔体积、DFT微孔比表面积、DFT介孔体积及DFT介孔比表面积等主要孔隙参数影响不显著。TOC含量对BET比表面积、DFT微孔体积及DFT微孔比表面积影响显著,矿物含量对孔隙特征影响不显著,表明研究区深层页岩中微孔赋存仍主要受有机质控制。研究区深埋藏作用对深层页岩的孔隙结构影响有限,TOC含量和页岩岩相组合是控制深层页岩气储层孔隙结构的主要因素。

基于激光诱导击穿光谱的脐橙产地鉴别

为了对脐橙产地进行快速鉴别,提出了激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)全光学诊断方法。选取江西赣州4区县及湖北、四川等6省市共10产地的纽荷尔脐橙,清洗表皮后直接采集等离子体羽时间演变形貌图及LIBS光谱,定性分析脐橙产地鉴别的可行性;采用15点平滑结合多元散射处理(15SM+MSC)预处理脐橙的LIBS光谱,分别运用主成分分析(PCA)、主成分分析结合多层感知器神经网络(PCA-MLP)鉴别脐橙产地。实验结果显示:采用一定的数据预处理方法结合PCA-MLP对全国7省市大地域范围脐橙产地鉴别的训练集总准确率为97.8%,预测集总准确率为95.3%;对赣州4区县小地域范围脐橙产地鉴别的训练集总准确率为100%,预测集总准确率为96.2%。这说明,采用合适的数据预处理及分类模型对脐橙产地进行快速鉴别具有一定的可行性。