The genetic diversity of the 34 populations of wild rice Oryza meyeriana Baill. distributed in Yunnan Province, China was analyzed using 13 inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. A total of 168 bands were ampl...The genetic diversity of the 34 populations of wild rice Oryza meyeriana Baill. distributed in Yunnan Province, China was analyzed using 13 inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. A total of 168 bands were amplified, of which 135 polymorphic bands were discovered and the percentage of polymorphic bands （PPB） was 80.36%. A genetic diversity was revealed as Nei＇s gene diversity （H） = 0.2666 and Shannon information index （I） = 0.4028 at population level. The 34 populations were divided into different groups based on administrative regions, latitude and longitudes, river areas, altitudes of their origins, and their indexes such as Na （number of alleles）, Ne （effective number of alleles）, H, I and PPB were calculated. Richer genetic diversity was found in the wild rice populations distributed in Simao Prefecture than that in Lingcang Prefecture or Xishuangbanna Prefecture whereas the least genetic diversity was in Baoshan Prefecture or Dehong Prefecture. Rich genetic diversity was also discovered in the wild rice populations originated from higher than 710 m altitude around the middle and lower reaches of the Lancang River belonging to the Pacific Ocean drainage system. The 34 populations could be classified into two groups, one group covered the wild rice distributing in Simao Prefecture only while the other group covered ones in Lingcang, Xishuangbanna and Dehong Prefectures. The issue on how to effectively conserve the wild rice germplasm was discussed.展开更多
The pathogenicity of 36 isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （Xoo）, which were collected from japonica rice varieties in the Yunnan Plateau, China, was evaluated. It was evaluated on 29 rice varieties including...The pathogenicity of 36 isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （Xoo）, which were collected from japonica rice varieties in the Yunnan Plateau, China, was evaluated. It was evaluated on 29 rice varieties including a set of seven varieties to identify pathogenicity, i.e., Haonuoyang, TN1, Kogyoku, Zhenzhu＇ai, IR26, Nanjing 33, and Kinmaze, which may be considered as a set of differential varieties for Xoo races from Yunnan japonica rice. The efficiency of the seven varieties was further confirmed. The results showed reversible and specific interactions between isolates and varieties. The isolates were classified into nine pathotypes from pathotyp Ⅰ to Ⅸ according to their pathogenic reactions on the seven rice varieties. The pathotype V was the epidemic, whereas pathogen Ⅶ was the most pathogenic. Most japonica varieties grown in the Yunnan Plateau were susceptible to Xoo. The rice lines IRBB21 （Xa-21）, Zhachanglong （Xa-22,, Xa- 24,）, and IR1545-339 （xa-5）, which were resistant to all the isolates tested, can be used as donors of resistant genes for bacterial blight in japonica rice breeding in the Yunnan Plateau.展开更多
The culm length, panicle length, spikelets per panicle and panicle exsertion were evaluated by using F2：3 population including 200 lines derived from the cross of indica and japonica Milyang 23/Jileng 1 under five di...The culm length, panicle length, spikelets per panicle and panicle exsertion were evaluated by using F2：3 population including 200 lines derived from the cross of indica and japonica Milyang 23/Jileng 1 under five different environments of Beijing （natural normal growing environment）, Kunming （natural cold environment）, Gongzhuling of China （cold water irrigation） and Chuncheon of Korea （natural normal growing environment and cold water irrigation）, and QTLs of these traits were analyzed by using SSR markers. The results showed that 44 QTLs related to these agronomic traits were detected under five different growing environments, and these QTLs have been located on 11 chromosomes except chromosome 9. The QTLs for qCLla, qCL1b, qCL5a, qCL6b, qPLla, qPL3a, qPL6b, qPL6c, qPL7b, qSP8b, qSPlc, qSP11a, qSP12, and qPE1 have been detected under more than two growing environments, and those that were little affected by environments, were stable QTLs. Among them, qCLla, qCLlb, qPLla, qSPlc, and qPE1 explained 24.2-55.2%, 22.7-39.9%, 12.5-27.7%, 14.4-33.5%, and 26.6-28.7% of observed phynotypic variation, respectively, which were major genes mainly appearing as overdominance. These QTLs cause the increase in action to culm length, panicle length, spikelets per panicle, and panicle exsertion under cold environment, showing that these QTLs were correlated with cold tolerance.展开更多
By using the parents, Kunmingxiaobaigu, a landrace variety with cold tolerance from Yunnan, China, and Towada, a cold-sensitive variety bred in Japan, as well as their F8 and F9 RIL progenies as test materials, cold t...By using the parents, Kunmingxiaobaigu, a landrace variety with cold tolerance from Yunnan, China, and Towada, a cold-sensitive variety bred in Japan, as well as their F8 and F9 RIL progenies as test materials, cold tolerance of rice at the booting stage in 2002 and 2003 under four different altitudes （environments）, and the correlationship between spikelet fertility and specific spikelet fertility （spikelet fertility of nine spikelets from the 3rd to the 5th spikelets of three primary branches at the top of each panicle） of single plant were analyzed, The data revealed a significant correlationship between spikelet fertility and specific spikelet fertility with the range from 0.7364 to 0.9011. However, under the cold stress environments, the correlation coefficients were higher than those without cold stress. On the other hand, the panicle exsertion was correlated to both spikelet fertility and specific spikelet fertility. Moreover, the heredity analysis suggested that specific spikelet fertility could replace spikelet fertility as an identification indicator, while panicle exsertion could be used as a partial indicator of cold tolerance identification at the booting stage in rice.展开更多
The high-spin level structure of 186 Au is re-investigated by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy via the 172 Yb(19 F,5nγ )186 Au reaction.The oblate bands previously reported are revised and extended to higher-spin...The high-spin level structure of 186 Au is re-investigated by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy via the 172 Yb(19 F,5nγ )186 Au reaction.The oblate bands previously reported are revised and extended to higher-spin states.A new Iπ =(20+) excited state has been identified and assigned to the πh-111/2 (×) vi-213/2h-19/2 configuration.The total Routhian surface and cranked shell model calculations suggest that the πh-111/2 (×) vi-213/2h-19/2 band in 186Au has a non-axial deformation.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30460065)Yunnan Provincial Foundation for Science.
文摘The genetic diversity of the 34 populations of wild rice Oryza meyeriana Baill. distributed in Yunnan Province, China was analyzed using 13 inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） markers. A total of 168 bands were amplified, of which 135 polymorphic bands were discovered and the percentage of polymorphic bands （PPB） was 80.36%. A genetic diversity was revealed as Nei＇s gene diversity （H） = 0.2666 and Shannon information index （I） = 0.4028 at population level. The 34 populations were divided into different groups based on administrative regions, latitude and longitudes, river areas, altitudes of their origins, and their indexes such as Na （number of alleles）, Ne （effective number of alleles）, H, I and PPB were calculated. Richer genetic diversity was found in the wild rice populations distributed in Simao Prefecture than that in Lingcang Prefecture or Xishuangbanna Prefecture whereas the least genetic diversity was in Baoshan Prefecture or Dehong Prefecture. Rich genetic diversity was also discovered in the wild rice populations originated from higher than 710 m altitude around the middle and lower reaches of the Lancang River belonging to the Pacific Ocean drainage system. The 34 populations could be classified into two groups, one group covered the wild rice distributing in Simao Prefecture only while the other group covered ones in Lingcang, Xishuangbanna and Dehong Prefectures. The issue on how to effectively conserve the wild rice germplasm was discussed.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10575005,10435080,10425521,10135030,and 10575123the Key Grant Project of the Ministry of Education under Grant No.305001the CAS Knowledge Innovation Project under Grant No.KJcx2-sw-No2
文摘套住在的 Deconfinement 阶段转变和中微子(专业版到) 中子星物质在一个 chiral hadronic 模型被调查(也叫作 FST 模型) 为 hadronic 阶段(HP ) 并且在 color-flavor-locked (CFL ) 为 deconfined 夸克阶段的夸克模型。我们包括 perturbative QCD 修正参数 α
<SUB > 在状态的 CFL 夸克物质方程的 s </SUB> 。有在中子星的 K <SUP>0</SUP> 冷凝作用形式的 CFL 夸克核心与 α
<SUB 的大价值有关系，这被显示出 > s </SUB> 。如果 α
<SUB 的小价值 > s </SUB> 被拿，重核子压制 CFL 夸克阶段和 HP 在高密度的区域是主导的(专业版到) 中子星物质。没有中微子套住，中微子套住与那些相比做 CFL 夸克事减少的部分。而且，增加 QCD 修正参数 α
<SUB > s </SUB> 或减少袋子常数 B 和奇怪的夸克团 m <SUB > 同时， s </SUB> 能做 CFL 夸克事增加的部分在 protoneutron 星物质的中微子的部分也增加。最大的群众和相应半径(专业版到) 中子星不对 QCD 修正参数 α
<SUB 敏感 > s </SUB> 。
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10575005, 10275002, 10435080, 10425521, and 10135030, the Key Project of the Ministry of Education under Grant No. 305001, and the CAS Knowledge Innovation Project under Grant No. KJcx2-sw-No2 0ne of authors （Hua Guo） is indebted to Dr. S. Pal since we can check our numerical results by using his code, and also thank Dr. Z.W. Lin for his kind help.
文摘The pathogenicity of 36 isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （Xoo）, which were collected from japonica rice varieties in the Yunnan Plateau, China, was evaluated. It was evaluated on 29 rice varieties including a set of seven varieties to identify pathogenicity, i.e., Haonuoyang, TN1, Kogyoku, Zhenzhu＇ai, IR26, Nanjing 33, and Kinmaze, which may be considered as a set of differential varieties for Xoo races from Yunnan japonica rice. The efficiency of the seven varieties was further confirmed. The results showed reversible and specific interactions between isolates and varieties. The isolates were classified into nine pathotypes from pathotyp Ⅰ to Ⅸ according to their pathogenic reactions on the seven rice varieties. The pathotype V was the epidemic, whereas pathogen Ⅶ was the most pathogenic. Most japonica varieties grown in the Yunnan Plateau were susceptible to Xoo. The rice lines IRBB21 （Xa-21）, Zhachanglong （Xa-22,, Xa- 24,）, and IR1545-339 （xa-5）, which were resistant to all the isolates tested, can be used as donors of resistant genes for bacterial blight in japonica rice breeding in the Yunnan Plateau.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30070421)the 10th Five Year National Key Research Program(2004BA525B02)Cooperative Research Between China and Korea(2002-2004).
文摘The culm length, panicle length, spikelets per panicle and panicle exsertion were evaluated by using F2：3 population including 200 lines derived from the cross of indica and japonica Milyang 23/Jileng 1 under five different environments of Beijing （natural normal growing environment）, Kunming （natural cold environment）, Gongzhuling of China （cold water irrigation） and Chuncheon of Korea （natural normal growing environment and cold water irrigation）, and QTLs of these traits were analyzed by using SSR markers. The results showed that 44 QTLs related to these agronomic traits were detected under five different growing environments, and these QTLs have been located on 11 chromosomes except chromosome 9. The QTLs for qCLla, qCL1b, qCL5a, qCL6b, qPLla, qPL3a, qPL6b, qPL6c, qPL7b, qSP8b, qSPlc, qSP11a, qSP12, and qPE1 have been detected under more than two growing environments, and those that were little affected by environments, were stable QTLs. Among them, qCLla, qCLlb, qPLla, qSPlc, and qPE1 explained 24.2-55.2%, 22.7-39.9%, 12.5-27.7%, 14.4-33.5%, and 26.6-28.7% of observed phynotypic variation, respectively, which were major genes mainly appearing as overdominance. These QTLs cause the increase in action to culm length, panicle length, spikelets per panicle, and panicle exsertion under cold environment, showing that these QTLs were correlated with cold tolerance.
基金The authors are thankful to Prof,ZHANG Hong-sheng from Nanjing Agricultural University for his kind suggestion on the manuscript.This study was supported by Yunnan Province Natural Science Foundation(No.2000C0093M)Program of introducing International Advanced Agro-technology,Ministry of Agriculture,China+1 种基金Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of Chinathe Key Technology Research and Development Program of the National Tenth Five-Year Plan(No.2004BA525B0207)of Ministry of Agriculture,China.
文摘By using the parents, Kunmingxiaobaigu, a landrace variety with cold tolerance from Yunnan, China, and Towada, a cold-sensitive variety bred in Japan, as well as their F8 and F9 RIL progenies as test materials, cold tolerance of rice at the booting stage in 2002 and 2003 under four different altitudes （environments）, and the correlationship between spikelet fertility and specific spikelet fertility （spikelet fertility of nine spikelets from the 3rd to the 5th spikelets of three primary branches at the top of each panicle） of single plant were analyzed, The data revealed a significant correlationship between spikelet fertility and specific spikelet fertility with the range from 0.7364 to 0.9011. However, under the cold stress environments, the correlation coefficients were higher than those without cold stress. On the other hand, the panicle exsertion was correlated to both spikelet fertility and specific spikelet fertility. Moreover, the heredity analysis suggested that specific spikelet fertility could replace spikelet fertility as an identification indicator, while panicle exsertion could be used as a partial indicator of cold tolerance identification at the booting stage in rice.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10905075,10825522,10735010,and 10975006the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2007CB815005the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘The high-spin level structure of 186 Au is re-investigated by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy via the 172 Yb(19 F,5nγ )186 Au reaction.The oblate bands previously reported are revised and extended to higher-spin states.A new Iπ =(20+) excited state has been identified and assigned to the πh-111/2 (×) vi-213/2h-19/2 configuration.The total Routhian surface and cranked shell model calculations suggest that the πh-111/2 (×) vi-213/2h-19/2 band in 186Au has a non-axial deformation.
