目的研究急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(atherogenic index of plasma,AIP)与冠状动脉多支病变及钙化程度关系,探索其临床意义。方法纳入2021年4月至11月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院心内...目的研究急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(atherogenic index of plasma,AIP)与冠状动脉多支病变及钙化程度关系,探索其临床意义。方法纳入2021年4月至11月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院心内科收治的148例急性冠状动脉综合征住院患者,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为单支病变组与多支病变组,血管内超声检测结果分为轻度钙化组和重度钙化组。收集患者一般资料、AIP等生化指标及冠状动脉造影和血管内超声检测结果。结果冠状动脉多支病变组AIP显著高于单支病变组(P<0.05),重度钙化组AIP显著高于轻度钙化组(P<0.05)。进一步Spearman相关分析显示,AIP与冠状动脉多支病变及钙化程度均呈线性正相关(分别为r=0.431,P<0.01;r=0.561,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,AIP是ACS患者发生冠状动脉多支病变和钙化的独立危险因素(P均<0.01)。ROC曲线预测冠状动脉多支病变面积为0.750,最佳截断值0.13,灵敏度0.600,特异度0.809;预测钙化程度ROC曲线下面积为0.798,最佳截断值0.11,灵敏度0.688,特异度0.817。结论ACS患者AIP与冠状动脉多支病变及钙化程度正相关。而且,AIP可作为冠状动脉多支病变和钙化严重程度潜在预测因素。展开更多
目的探讨透析不充分血液透析患者的临床特征,为临床诊疗中提高透析充分性提供依据。方法本研究为多中心横断面调查,收集2018年1月~3月期间12家血液透析中心单室尿素模型Kt/V(single pool Kt/V,spKt/V)<1.2患者的人口统计学资料、治...目的探讨透析不充分血液透析患者的临床特征,为临床诊疗中提高透析充分性提供依据。方法本研究为多中心横断面调查,收集2018年1月~3月期间12家血液透析中心单室尿素模型Kt/V(single pool Kt/V,spKt/V)<1.2患者的人口统计学资料、治疗处方数据、实际治疗数据及残余肾功能测定数据等。使用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行数据分析,采用Spearman相关分析检验透析后体质量与血流速(blood flow rate,BFR)及体质量标化BFR之间的相关关系。结果本研究共入组224例患者,平均年龄(58.2±13.3)岁,男女比为5.2:1,处方spKt/V为(1.39±0.29),实测spKt/V为(1.06±0.11)。其中有117例(52.2%)患者处方spKt/V<1.4,其透析器尿素清除率(t=-8.619,P<0.001)、BFR(t=-3.846,P<0.001)和体质量标化的BFR(t=-12.577,P<0.001)均显著低于spKt/V≥1.4组;224例患者中,随着体质量的增加,体质量标化的BFR逐渐降低(ρ=-0.666,P<0.001)。有42例(18.8%)患者单次透析时间不足240min。有35例(15.6%)患者发生透析器凝血。有87例患者(38.84%)存在残余肾功能,但仅有14例进行了残余肾功能检测,其中有5例患者在合并计算残余肾功能后的Kt/V达标。结论血液透析患者透析不充分与处方Kt/V低、体质量标化的血流速低、透析时间不足、透析器凝血、透析充分性计算方法不合理、透析过程中的急性并发症等原因有关。展开更多
Pharmacological activities and adverse side effects of ginkgolic acids(GAs), major components in extracts from the leaves and seed coats of Ginkgo biloba L, have been intensively studied. However, there are few report...Pharmacological activities and adverse side effects of ginkgolic acids(GAs), major components in extracts from the leaves and seed coats of Ginkgo biloba L, have been intensively studied. However, there are few reports on their hepatotoxicity. In the present study, the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of GA(17:1), one of the most abundant components of GAs, were investigated. Kinetic analysis indicated that human and rat liver microsomes shared similar metabolic characteristics of GA(17:1) in phase I and II metabolisms. The drug-metabolizing enzymes involved in GA(17:1) metabolism were human CYP1 A2, CYP3 A4, UGT1 A6, UGT1 A9, and UGT2 B15, which were confirmed with an inhibition study of human liver microsomes and recombinant enzymes. The MTT assays indicated that the cytotoxicity of GA(17:1) in HepG2 cells occurred in a time-and dose-dependent manner. Further investigation showed that GA(17:1) had less cytotoxicity in primary rat hepatocytes than in HepG2 cells and that the toxicity was enhanced through CYP1 A-and CYP3 A-mediated metabolism.展开更多
Ginkgolic acids(GAs), primarily found in the leaves, nuts, and testa of ginkgo biloba, have been identified with suspected allergenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic properties. However, little information is available about...Ginkgolic acids(GAs), primarily found in the leaves, nuts, and testa of ginkgo biloba, have been identified with suspected allergenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic properties. However, little information is available about GAs toxicity in kidneys and the underlying mechanism has not been thoroughly elucidated so far. Instead of GAs extract, the renal cytotoxicity of GA(15 : 1), which was isolated from the testa of Ginkgo biloba, was assessed in vitro by using MDCK cells. The action of GA(15 : 1) on cell viability was evaluated by the MTT and neutral red uptake assays. Compared with the control, the cytotoxicity of GA(15 : 1) on MDCK cells displayed a time-and dose-dependent manner, suggesting the cells mitochondria and lysosomes were damaged. It was confirmed that GA(15 : 1) resulted in the loss of cells mitochondrial trans-membrane potential(ΔΨm). In propidium iodide(PI) staining analysis, GA(15 : 1) induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 and G2/M phases, influencing on the DNA synthesis and cell mitosis. Characteristics of necrotic cell death were observed in MDCK cells at the experimental conditions, as a result of DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and morphological observation of MDCK cells. In conclusion, these findings might provide useful information for a better understanding of the GA(15 : 1) induced renal toxicity.展开更多
文摘目的研究急性冠状动脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(atherogenic index of plasma,AIP)与冠状动脉多支病变及钙化程度关系,探索其临床意义。方法纳入2021年4月至11月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院心内科收治的148例急性冠状动脉综合征住院患者,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为单支病变组与多支病变组,血管内超声检测结果分为轻度钙化组和重度钙化组。收集患者一般资料、AIP等生化指标及冠状动脉造影和血管内超声检测结果。结果冠状动脉多支病变组AIP显著高于单支病变组(P<0.05),重度钙化组AIP显著高于轻度钙化组(P<0.05)。进一步Spearman相关分析显示,AIP与冠状动脉多支病变及钙化程度均呈线性正相关(分别为r=0.431,P<0.01;r=0.561,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,AIP是ACS患者发生冠状动脉多支病变和钙化的独立危险因素(P均<0.01)。ROC曲线预测冠状动脉多支病变面积为0.750,最佳截断值0.13,灵敏度0.600,特异度0.809;预测钙化程度ROC曲线下面积为0.798,最佳截断值0.11,灵敏度0.688,特异度0.817。结论ACS患者AIP与冠状动脉多支病变及钙化程度正相关。而且,AIP可作为冠状动脉多支病变和钙化严重程度潜在预测因素。
基金supported by the National Key Project of China(No.2017YFC0908600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81173120)the National Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ15H310003)
文摘Pharmacological activities and adverse side effects of ginkgolic acids(GAs), major components in extracts from the leaves and seed coats of Ginkgo biloba L, have been intensively studied. However, there are few reports on their hepatotoxicity. In the present study, the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of GA(17:1), one of the most abundant components of GAs, were investigated. Kinetic analysis indicated that human and rat liver microsomes shared similar metabolic characteristics of GA(17:1) in phase I and II metabolisms. The drug-metabolizing enzymes involved in GA(17:1) metabolism were human CYP1 A2, CYP3 A4, UGT1 A6, UGT1 A9, and UGT2 B15, which were confirmed with an inhibition study of human liver microsomes and recombinant enzymes. The MTT assays indicated that the cytotoxicity of GA(17:1) in HepG2 cells occurred in a time-and dose-dependent manner. Further investigation showed that GA(17:1) had less cytotoxicity in primary rat hepatocytes than in HepG2 cells and that the toxicity was enhanced through CYP1 A-and CYP3 A-mediated metabolism.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81173120)International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(No.2014DFE30050)
文摘Ginkgolic acids(GAs), primarily found in the leaves, nuts, and testa of ginkgo biloba, have been identified with suspected allergenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic properties. However, little information is available about GAs toxicity in kidneys and the underlying mechanism has not been thoroughly elucidated so far. Instead of GAs extract, the renal cytotoxicity of GA(15 : 1), which was isolated from the testa of Ginkgo biloba, was assessed in vitro by using MDCK cells. The action of GA(15 : 1) on cell viability was evaluated by the MTT and neutral red uptake assays. Compared with the control, the cytotoxicity of GA(15 : 1) on MDCK cells displayed a time-and dose-dependent manner, suggesting the cells mitochondria and lysosomes were damaged. It was confirmed that GA(15 : 1) resulted in the loss of cells mitochondrial trans-membrane potential(ΔΨm). In propidium iodide(PI) staining analysis, GA(15 : 1) induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 and G2/M phases, influencing on the DNA synthesis and cell mitosis. Characteristics of necrotic cell death were observed in MDCK cells at the experimental conditions, as a result of DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and morphological observation of MDCK cells. In conclusion, these findings might provide useful information for a better understanding of the GA(15 : 1) induced renal toxicity.
