To make a detailed test on the reliability and detection performance of the electrochemical concentration cell(ECC)type ozonesonde which had been developed and preliminarily evaluated by the authors,an intensive ozone...To make a detailed test on the reliability and detection performance of the electrochemical concentration cell(ECC)type ozonesonde which had been developed and preliminarily evaluated by the authors,an intensive ozonesonde release experiment was held at two sites in Beijing and Changchun in June 2013.The results showed that the mean background current and its standard deviation were 0.03(0.04)μA and 0.02(0.03)μA in Beijing(Changchun).The average response time and its standard deviation were 27.8 s(30.4 s)and 4.0 s(3.7 s)in Beijing(Changchun).The ozone partial pressure profiles at both sites showed a central peak in the stratosphere and a side peak in the boundary layer.Large variation in ozone partial pressure was observed at the middle levels of the atmosphere(10–17 km).A more marked gradient of ozone change was observed in Beijing(3.4 mPa km–1)at the lower atmosphere level,as compared to that in Changchun(0.4 mPa km–1).The results presented in this paper indicate that this self-developed ozonesonde shows a high level of reliability and good performance.The ozonsonde is expected to play an important role in operational observations of ozone profiles.展开更多
A new present weather identifier(PWI) based on occlusion and scattering techniques is presented in the study. The present weather parameters are detectable by the meteorological optical range(MOR) approximately up to ...A new present weather identifier(PWI) based on occlusion and scattering techniques is presented in the study. The present weather parameters are detectable by the meteorological optical range(MOR) approximately up to 50 km and by droplets with diameters ranging from 0.125 mm to 22 mm with velocities up to 16 m s-1. The MOR error is less than 8% for the MOR within 10 km and less than 15% for farther distances. Moreover, the size errors derived from various positions of the light sheet by the particles were checked within ± 0.1 mm ± 5%. The comparison shows that the MOR, in a sudden shower event, is surprisingly consistent with those of the sentry visibility sensors(SVS) with a correlation coefficient up to 98%. For the rain amounts derived from the size and velocity of the droplets, the daily sums by the PWI agree within 10% of those by the Total Rain Weighing Sensor(TRwS205) and the rain gauge. Combined with other sensors such as temperature, humidity, and wind, the PWI can serve as a present weather sensor to distinguish several weather types such as fog, haze, mist, rain, hail, and drizzle.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No.XDB05020503)the Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Meteorology) (Grant No.GYHY201106041)
文摘To make a detailed test on the reliability and detection performance of the electrochemical concentration cell(ECC)type ozonesonde which had been developed and preliminarily evaluated by the authors,an intensive ozonesonde release experiment was held at two sites in Beijing and Changchun in June 2013.The results showed that the mean background current and its standard deviation were 0.03(0.04)μA and 0.02(0.03)μA in Beijing(Changchun).The average response time and its standard deviation were 27.8 s(30.4 s)and 4.0 s(3.7 s)in Beijing(Changchun).The ozone partial pressure profiles at both sites showed a central peak in the stratosphere and a side peak in the boundary layer.Large variation in ozone partial pressure was observed at the middle levels of the atmosphere(10–17 km).A more marked gradient of ozone change was observed in Beijing(3.4 mPa km–1)at the lower atmosphere level,as compared to that in Changchun(0.4 mPa km–1).The results presented in this paper indicate that this self-developed ozonesonde shows a high level of reliability and good performance.The ozonsonde is expected to play an important role in operational observations of ozone profiles.
基金supported by Automatic Observation System for Cloud, Visibility and Weather Phenomena (Grant No. GYHY200806031)Carbon Satellites Verification Systems and Comprehensive Observations (Grant Nos. GJHZ1207 and XDA05040302)
文摘A new present weather identifier(PWI) based on occlusion and scattering techniques is presented in the study. The present weather parameters are detectable by the meteorological optical range(MOR) approximately up to 50 km and by droplets with diameters ranging from 0.125 mm to 22 mm with velocities up to 16 m s-1. The MOR error is less than 8% for the MOR within 10 km and less than 15% for farther distances. Moreover, the size errors derived from various positions of the light sheet by the particles were checked within ± 0.1 mm ± 5%. The comparison shows that the MOR, in a sudden shower event, is surprisingly consistent with those of the sentry visibility sensors(SVS) with a correlation coefficient up to 98%. For the rain amounts derived from the size and velocity of the droplets, the daily sums by the PWI agree within 10% of those by the Total Rain Weighing Sensor(TRwS205) and the rain gauge. Combined with other sensors such as temperature, humidity, and wind, the PWI can serve as a present weather sensor to distinguish several weather types such as fog, haze, mist, rain, hail, and drizzle.
