目的分析癌症患者疼痛程度、疲劳程度与生活质量之间的关系。方法采用横断面研究设计。应用便利抽样法于2019年5-11月选取两省两所三级甲等医院224例接受化疗且符合入选标准的癌症患者进行调查。采用一般资料调查表、简明疲劳量表(Brief...目的分析癌症患者疼痛程度、疲劳程度与生活质量之间的关系。方法采用横断面研究设计。应用便利抽样法于2019年5-11月选取两省两所三级甲等医院224例接受化疗且符合入选标准的癌症患者进行调查。采用一般资料调查表、简明疲劳量表(Brief Fatigue Inventory,BFI)、疼痛数字评分量表(The Nume-rical Rating Scale,NRS)和由欧洲癌症治疗和研究组织编制的生活质量量表(The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire,EORTCQLQ-C30)收集资料。结果在报告过去24 h最严重的疼痛情况时,85例(37.9%)有轻度疼痛,121例(54.0%)有中度疼痛,18例(8.0%)有重度疼痛。此外,92例(41.1%)患者有轻度疲劳,72例(32.1%)有中度疲劳,60例(26.8%)有重度疲劳。大多数轻度疼痛的患者仅经历轻度疲劳,其生活质量也处于中等水平。中度和重度疼痛患者大多有中度或更高程度的疲劳(r=0.296,P<0.01)和较低的生活质量(r=-0.141,P<0.01)。轻度疼痛患者中,疲劳与生活质量间不存在相关性(r=-0.179,P=0.104)。中、重度疼痛患者的疲劳与生活质量呈负相关(r=-0.537,P<0.01;r=-0.509,P<0.05)。结论中、重度疼痛患者的疲劳症状比轻度疼痛患者更重,生活质量也更低。护士应更关注中重度疼痛患者,探索症状间的相互作用机制,开展症状联合干预,以提高患者生活质量。展开更多
Compared with commercial lithium batteries with liquid electrolytes,all-solidstate lithium batteries(ASSLBs)possess the advantages of higher safety,better electrochemical stability,higher energy density,and longer cyc...Compared with commercial lithium batteries with liquid electrolytes,all-solidstate lithium batteries(ASSLBs)possess the advantages of higher safety,better electrochemical stability,higher energy density,and longer cycle life;therefore,ASSLBs have been identified as promising candidates for next-generation safe and stable high-energy-storage devices.The design and fabrication of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are vital for the future commercialization of ASSLBs.Among various SSEs,solid polymer composite electrolytes(SPCEs)consisting of inorganic nanofillers and polymer matrix have shown great application prospects in the practice of ASSLBs.The incorporation of inorganic nanofillers into the polymer matrix has been considered as a crucial method to achieve high ionic conductivity for SPCE.In this review,the mechanisms of Li+transport variation caused by incorporating inorganic nanofillers into the polymer matrix are discussed in detail.On the basis of the recent progress,the respective contributions of polymer chains,passive ceramic nanofillers,and active ceramic nanofillers in affecting the Li+transport process of SPCE are reviewed systematically.The inherent relationship between the morphological characteristics of inorganic nanofillers and the ionic conductivity of the resultant SPCE is discussed.Finally,the challenges and future perspectives for developing high-performance SPCE are put forward.This review aims to provide possible strategies for the further improvement of ionic conductivity in inorganic nanoscale filler-reinforced SPCE and highlight their inspiration for future research directions.展开更多
We demonstrate digital and analog devices with an Ag/MPS_(3)/Au structure based on layered MPS_(3)(M=Mn,Co,Ni)2 D materials.All devices show the bipolar behavior of resistive switching.In addition,Ag/MnPS_(3)/Au and A...We demonstrate digital and analog devices with an Ag/MPS_(3)/Au structure based on layered MPS_(3)(M=Mn,Co,Ni)2 D materials.All devices show the bipolar behavior of resistive switching.In addition,Ag/MnPS_(3)/Au and Ag/NiPS_(3)/Au devices show synaptic characteristics of potentiation and depression.The digital and analog characteristics of resistance states enable Ag/MPS_(3)/Au devices to work as both binary memory and artificial synapse devices.The Ag/MPS_(3)/Au memory devices are promising for applications of flexible eye-like and brain-like systems on a chip when they are integrated with photodetectors and FETs composed of full MPS_(3) materials.展开更多
Temperature is a crucial factor that is intrinsically related to fuel cell performances and categorizes the proton exchange membranes(PEM)into high and low temperature(HT,LT)types.With water as proton conductor,workin...Temperature is a crucial factor that is intrinsically related to fuel cell performances and categorizes the proton exchange membranes(PEM)into high and low temperature(HT,LT)types.With water as proton conductor,working temperature of LT-PEM is limited below 100℃.PEM fuel cell with an elevated temperature(HT-PEMFC,>120℃)thus attracts much research attention on account of the significant benefits,such as simpler water management,faster electrode kinetics,improved CO tolerance of platinum catalyst,and heat recovery.As a well-known concept,numerous polymer membranes with doping phosphoric acid(PA)have been investigated for HT-PEMFC.In this review,the development trend for the most advanced technology of HT-PEM polybenzimidazole(PBI)membrane,other hydrocarbon-based membrane,and fluorinated membrane produced via pre-irradiation induced grafting with respect to their synthesis,properties,critical issues,and corresponding solutions is presented.展开更多
Silver nanocubes enriched with {100} facets have been extensively used for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Herein, we report a new water-phase synthesis method for weU-defined Ag nanocubes with tunable sizes via a ...Silver nanocubes enriched with {100} facets have been extensively used for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Herein, we report a new water-phase synthesis method for weU-defined Ag nanocubes with tunable sizes via a two-step procedure at room temperature. First, irregularly shaped Ag nanoparticles （INPs） were prepared by reducing silver ammonia solution using ethylal. Second, the agglomerated INPs were selectively etched with HNO3 and C1- to yield {100} facet-rich mesoporous Ag nanocubes. The mechanism of Ag-nanocube formation and growth was investigated in detail by elucidating the involved chemical reactions and physical changes at each step during the synthesis. The addition of C1- anions was responsible for facilitating Ag nanoparticle growth by removing surface-adsorbed Ag＋ species, thereby eliminating inter-particle repulsive forces. This agglomeration was found crucial for the subsequent selective oxidation of Ag nanoparticles because the protective agent used, polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）, was the most effective one for adsorption on the surfaces of Ag nanoparticles of size greater than approximately 50 nm. Importantly mesopores were found inside the Ag nanocubes; this can be attributed to the unavoidable imperfect packing during the agglomeration of INPs. The newly prepared Ag nanocubes were further used to enhance the Raman signal of rhodamine 6G, which is capable of reducing the detection limitation to 10-16 mol·L-1.展开更多
基金This study was funded in full by the Fujian Provincial Joint Innovation Project of Science and Technology Department(2018Y9101)Soft Science Project of Fujian Science and Technology Department(2019R0112)Fujian Natural Science Foundation(2021J01789).
文摘目的分析癌症患者疼痛程度、疲劳程度与生活质量之间的关系。方法采用横断面研究设计。应用便利抽样法于2019年5-11月选取两省两所三级甲等医院224例接受化疗且符合入选标准的癌症患者进行调查。采用一般资料调查表、简明疲劳量表(Brief Fatigue Inventory,BFI)、疼痛数字评分量表(The Nume-rical Rating Scale,NRS)和由欧洲癌症治疗和研究组织编制的生活质量量表(The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire,EORTCQLQ-C30)收集资料。结果在报告过去24 h最严重的疼痛情况时,85例(37.9%)有轻度疼痛,121例(54.0%)有中度疼痛,18例(8.0%)有重度疼痛。此外,92例(41.1%)患者有轻度疲劳,72例(32.1%)有中度疲劳,60例(26.8%)有重度疲劳。大多数轻度疼痛的患者仅经历轻度疲劳,其生活质量也处于中等水平。中度和重度疼痛患者大多有中度或更高程度的疲劳(r=0.296,P<0.01)和较低的生活质量(r=-0.141,P<0.01)。轻度疼痛患者中,疲劳与生活质量间不存在相关性(r=-0.179,P=0.104)。中、重度疼痛患者的疲劳与生活质量呈负相关(r=-0.537,P<0.01;r=-0.509,P<0.05)。结论中、重度疼痛患者的疲劳症状比轻度疼痛患者更重,生活质量也更低。护士应更关注中重度疼痛患者,探索症状间的相互作用机制,开展症状联合干预,以提高患者生活质量。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21673051)the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province,China(No.2019A050510043).
文摘Compared with commercial lithium batteries with liquid electrolytes,all-solidstate lithium batteries(ASSLBs)possess the advantages of higher safety,better electrochemical stability,higher energy density,and longer cycle life;therefore,ASSLBs have been identified as promising candidates for next-generation safe and stable high-energy-storage devices.The design and fabrication of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are vital for the future commercialization of ASSLBs.Among various SSEs,solid polymer composite electrolytes(SPCEs)consisting of inorganic nanofillers and polymer matrix have shown great application prospects in the practice of ASSLBs.The incorporation of inorganic nanofillers into the polymer matrix has been considered as a crucial method to achieve high ionic conductivity for SPCE.In this review,the mechanisms of Li+transport variation caused by incorporating inorganic nanofillers into the polymer matrix are discussed in detail.On the basis of the recent progress,the respective contributions of polymer chains,passive ceramic nanofillers,and active ceramic nanofillers in affecting the Li+transport process of SPCE are reviewed systematically.The inherent relationship between the morphological characteristics of inorganic nanofillers and the ionic conductivity of the resultant SPCE is discussed.Finally,the challenges and future perspectives for developing high-performance SPCE are put forward.This review aims to provide possible strategies for the further improvement of ionic conductivity in inorganic nanoscale filler-reinforced SPCE and highlight their inspiration for future research directions.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2017YFA0206200 and 2018YFB2202601)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61674173,61834005,and 61902443)。
文摘We demonstrate digital and analog devices with an Ag/MPS_(3)/Au structure based on layered MPS_(3)(M=Mn,Co,Ni)2 D materials.All devices show the bipolar behavior of resistive switching.In addition,Ag/MnPS_(3)/Au and Ag/NiPS_(3)/Au devices show synaptic characteristics of potentiation and depression.The digital and analog characteristics of resistance states enable Ag/MPS_(3)/Au devices to work as both binary memory and artificial synapse devices.The Ag/MPS_(3)/Au memory devices are promising for applications of flexible eye-like and brain-like systems on a chip when they are integrated with photodetectors and FETs composed of full MPS_(3) materials.
文摘Temperature is a crucial factor that is intrinsically related to fuel cell performances and categorizes the proton exchange membranes(PEM)into high and low temperature(HT,LT)types.With water as proton conductor,working temperature of LT-PEM is limited below 100℃.PEM fuel cell with an elevated temperature(HT-PEMFC,>120℃)thus attracts much research attention on account of the significant benefits,such as simpler water management,faster electrode kinetics,improved CO tolerance of platinum catalyst,and heat recovery.As a well-known concept,numerous polymer membranes with doping phosphoric acid(PA)have been investigated for HT-PEMFC.In this review,the development trend for the most advanced technology of HT-PEM polybenzimidazole(PBI)membrane,other hydrocarbon-based membrane,and fluorinated membrane produced via pre-irradiation induced grafting with respect to their synthesis,properties,critical issues,and corresponding solutions is presented.
文摘Silver nanocubes enriched with {100} facets have been extensively used for surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Herein, we report a new water-phase synthesis method for weU-defined Ag nanocubes with tunable sizes via a two-step procedure at room temperature. First, irregularly shaped Ag nanoparticles （INPs） were prepared by reducing silver ammonia solution using ethylal. Second, the agglomerated INPs were selectively etched with HNO3 and C1- to yield {100} facet-rich mesoporous Ag nanocubes. The mechanism of Ag-nanocube formation and growth was investigated in detail by elucidating the involved chemical reactions and physical changes at each step during the synthesis. The addition of C1- anions was responsible for facilitating Ag nanoparticle growth by removing surface-adsorbed Ag＋ species, thereby eliminating inter-particle repulsive forces. This agglomeration was found crucial for the subsequent selective oxidation of Ag nanoparticles because the protective agent used, polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）, was the most effective one for adsorption on the surfaces of Ag nanoparticles of size greater than approximately 50 nm. Importantly mesopores were found inside the Ag nanocubes; this can be attributed to the unavoidable imperfect packing during the agglomeration of INPs. The newly prepared Ag nanocubes were further used to enhance the Raman signal of rhodamine 6G, which is capable of reducing the detection limitation to 10-16 mol·L-1.
