单周多西他赛加顺铂联合三维适形放疗治疗局部晚期食管癌的临床研究(英文)

Objective: This randomized controlled clinical study was to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of two chemoradiotherapy regimens [cisplatin+5-fluorouracil+3 dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) and cisplatin+weekly docetaxel+3DCRT] in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: A total of seventy-four patients with clinical stages IIB to IIIB esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were enrolled. Chemotherapy for PF group comprised 5-fluorouracil at days 1-5 (250 mg/m2/d) and cisplatin (20 mg/m2) at days 1-3 of every 28-day cycle; full treatment course included 2 cycles. Chemotherapy for DP group comprised docetaxel (20 mg/m2) and cisplatin (20 mg/m2) at days 1, 8, 15, 22, 29, and 36. Both groups treated with concurrent 60 Gy 3DCRT at 200 cGy/d. Results: Seventy-four patients were enrolled and 71 completed the planned treatment, with a follow-up rate of 95.94%. Short-term curative effect was not statistically significant between the two groups (P=0.471). The 2-year survival rates were 65.7% and 61.1%, respectively (P=0.806), 5 years survival rates were 34.29% and 27.78%, respectively (P=0.221), and there was no significant difference by Fisher test (P=0.734). As common side effects, incidence rates of radioactive esophagitis and hematological toxicity were lower in DP group. Conclusion: For locally advanced esophageal cancer patients, current chemoradiotherapy with chemotherapy regimen of weekly docetaxel plus cisplatin has equal curative effect with 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin, but well-tolerated by reducing side effects such as radioactive esophagitis and bone marrow suppression.

高能聚束微波热疗联合沙培林胸腔注射治疗恶性胸水(英文)

Objective:The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of high power focused-beam microwave hyperthermia with intrapleural injection of Shapeilin for patients with malignant hydrothorax.Methods:Fifty-eight patients with malignant hydrothorax were divided into group A and group B randomly.All patients underwent indwelling pleural catheter and were treated by intrapleural injection of Shapeilin once three days.Treatment was composed of 3 times injection.Patients of group B received high power focused-beam microwave hyperthermia after injection of Shapeilin.Results:The response rate of group B(79.3%) was higher than that of group A(48.3%)(P < 0.05).Incidence of main adverse reactions,associated with Shapeilin,of two groups including fever and thoracodynia were similar(P > 0.05).Patients of group B didn't encounter severe toxicities of microwave hyperthermia.Conclusion:High power focused-beam microwave hyperthermia combined with intrapleural injection of Shapeilin is effective and tolerable for patients with malignant hydrothorax.

不同分子亚型局部晚期乳腺癌的新辅化疗反应率的临床研究(英文)

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different molecular subtypes defined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining on the response rate for patients with locally advanced breast cancer received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: One hundred and seven breast cancer patients admitted from 2007 to 2011 who received 4 cycles of docetaxel/epirubicin-combined (TE) neoadjuvant chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed, the patients were classified into 4 subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER-2 and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) according to different combination patterns of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER-2) expression defined by IHC method. The correlation between response rate and the molecular subtypes were analyzed. Results: The pathological complete response (PCR), clinical complete response (CCR), clinical partial response (CPR), and clinical stable disease (CSD) rate of whole group was 15.89% (17/107), 22.43% (24/107), 63.55% (68/107), 14.02% (15/107), respectively, and the overall response rate (ORR) was 85.98% (92/107). The PCR rate and ORR of luminal A, luminal B, HER-2 and TNBC subtypes was 4.76% and 73.81%; 16.67% and 83.33%;17.65% and 100.00%; 30.00% and 96.67%, respectively. The PCR and ORR rate of HER-2/TNBC subtypes was higher than that of luminal A/B subtypes (P = 0.019, P = 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: Different molecular subtypes display different response rate for patients with locally advanced breast cancer received neoadjuvant TE chemotherapy, HER-2/TNBC subtypes have a higher PCR and ORR rate than that of luminal A/B subtypes.

吉西他滨在转移性乳腺癌维持治疗中的疗效观察(英文)

Objective:The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of single-agent gemcitabine in the maintenance treatment of histologically confirmed metastatic breast cancer cases.Methods:The 45 patients carried efficacious chemotherapy were divided into maintenance therapy group(n=23) and control group(n=22) according to the different treatment methods.Patients in the maintenance therapy group received gemcitabine therapy until 6 cycles,disease progression or adverse effect intolerance.Within the control group,the patients were given best supportive care.Follow-up was made until disease progression,death or 2 years.The short-term clinical efficacy and adverse effects,progression-free survival(PFS) and median survival of recurrence(MSR) of these two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:Compared with the control group,the experiment group had higher response rate(RR;73.9% vs 31.8%;P<0.05),and significantly progress of median PFS(13.1 vs 9.6 months;P<0.05).However,the progression of MSR had no statistically difference with the control group(23.3 vs 21.1 months;P>0.05).Most of the treatment-related adverse events were mild,and the most common adverse event was hematologic toxicity.The 3 cases occurred grades 3–4 neutropenia and 3 cases occurred grades 3–4 thrombocytopenia.The 1 patient stopped treatment because of grade 3 allergic reaction,and 4 patients required dose reduction for grade 4 adverse events.Other adverse effects were grades 1–2,and all were recovered after symptomatic treatment.There was no significant side effect which threatened the life.Conclusion:In the extension maintenance treatment,gemcitabine can consolidate the therapeutic effect in advance and significantly prolong median PFS of metastatic breast cancer patients.In conclusion,gemcitabine monotherapy with a favorable safety profile is an effective maintenance treatment in metastatic breast cancer patients.

老年乳腺癌术后多西紫杉醇联合环磷酰胺辅助化疗的毒副作用研究(英文)

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the side effects of docetaxel with cyclophosphamide as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for elderly breast cancer patients. Methods: Thirty-six operable elderly breast cancer patients at intermediate risk based on the St Gallen risk classification underwent modified radical mastectomy and then were given four cycles of TC regimen (docetaxel 75 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1; cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1; every 21 days ). Primary prophylaxis granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) 200μg i.h. was administered on day 4-6. Results: The main side effect was neutropenia. Grade 3 neutropenia developed in 36.1% and G4 in 19.4%, respectively. Most of the other side effects were G1-2. Dose reduction occurred in 11.1% patients. The completion rate of chemotherapy was 100%. Conclu-sion: Docetaxel with cyclophosphamide as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimen with G-CSF primary prophylaxis is tolerable for elderly patients in general good condition.

三维放射治疗食管癌的疗效分析(英文)

Objective:Radiation therapy is an important component of the multidisciplinary management of esophageal carcinoma.Three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy requires the precise definition of the target volume.We aimed to compare the treatment results and radiation toxicities between three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3D-CRT) and conventional radiotherapy(CR) for patients with cervical and thoracic esophageal carcinoma.Methods:From June 2004 to December 2006,a random study was performed on 106 patients treated with 3D-CRT or CR,53 patients in each group.The patients in CR group received conventional radiotherapy in 2.0 Gy/f,5 f/week and total dose was 66-70 Gy in 6.5 or 7 weeks.The patients in 3D-CRT group were treated by 3D-CRT in 2.0 Gy/f,5 f/week and total dose was 64-70 Gy in 6 weeks.The local control rates,survival rates and radiation toxicities for the two groups were investigated.Results:The 1-year and 3-year local control rates were 83.0% and 60.4% in 3D-CRT group and 64.2%(χ2 = 4.853,P = 0.028) and 32.1%(χ2 = 9.812,P = 0.002) in CR group.The 1-year and 3-year survival rates were 73.6% and 50.9% in 3D-CRT group and 54.7%(χ2 = 4.102,P = 0.043) and 32.1%(χ2 = 3.886,P = 0.049) in CR group.Between the two groups,there was no significant difference in radiation toxicities.Conclusion:The 1-year and 3-year local control rates and survival rates of patients with esophageal carcinoma treated by 3D-CRT is superior to CR.However,longer-term results and radiation toxicity need further study which involves more patients and prolonged follow-up.

一种可快速、持久且广谱保护新冠病毒感染的鼻喷减毒流感病毒载体新冠病毒疫苗

肌注式新冠病毒疫苗在呼吸道局部诱导的免疫应答较有限,不能高效阻止新冠病毒入侵呼吸道细胞.为此,该研究利用双重减毒的流感病毒载体(CA4-d NS1)开发出一种携带新冠病毒RBD基因的可经鼻腔喷雾方式接种的新冠病毒疫苗CA4-dNS1-nCoV-RBD(简称dNS1-RBD).该疫苗在重症新冠肺炎仓鼠模型中表现出良好的保护效果,鼻喷接种1天后即可快速起效,两剂次鼻喷接种后可提供9个月以上的长效保护,表现为疫苗组仓鼠的体重未见明显下降,肺组织病理无明显损伤.该疫苗对Omicron等各种新冠病毒关切突变株均有广谱作用.另外,小鼠实验显示该疫苗还可广谱保护H1N1和H5N1流感病毒感染.该疫苗的保护机制涉及呼吸道局部的先天免疫应答、特异性T细胞应答、粘膜Ig A抗体应答和体液Ig G抗体应答等.总之,该研究表明快速、持久且广谱的鼻喷流感载体新冠病毒疫苗可与现有肌注式新冠病毒疫苗形成互补,共同抗击新冠疫情.

Histopathological Features and Viral Antigen Distribution in the Lung of Fatal Patients with Enterovirus 71 Infection

Dear Editor,Enterovirus 71(EV71)infection causes hand-foot-andmouth disease(HFMD)in infants and children.Patients with HFMD usually have good prognosis;however,in some extreme cases the infection can be accompanied by central nervous system diseases,eventually leading to cardiorespiratory failure,and even death.Currently。

Synthesis and application of near-infrared substituted rhodamines

Near infrared(NIR) fluorescent probes are highly attractive in the field of fluorescent imaging of living organisms for their outstanding signal-to-noise ratio, strong tissue penetration and low biotoxicity.Herein, we summarized some recent progress in the synthesis and application of NIR rhodamines by replacing the bridging oxygen atom with main group elements such as silicon and phosphorus.

A simplex method for the orbit determination of maneuvering satellites

simplex method;;orbit determination;;electric propulsion;;orbit