This paper aims to evaluate the cost of environmental degradation by adopting the conventional environmental economic methodology in China from 2004 to 2017 and summarize the change in both the causes and costs of Ch...This paper aims to evaluate the cost of environmental degradation by adopting the conventional environmental economic methodology in China from 2004 to 2017 and summarize the change in both the causes and costs of China’s environmental degradation.Results from this study revealed the following:i.The environmental degradation cost in China increased from 511 billion yuan to 1,892 billion yuan from 2004 to 2017,and its share in the GDP decreased from 3.05% to 2.23%;ii.The environmental degradation cost growth rate was lower than the GDP growth rate.The environmental degradation cost growth rate decreased sharply,by dropping from 10% in 2014 to 2% in 2017.The environmental benefits of industrial transformation have emerged;iii.The provinces of Shandong,Hebei,Jiangsu,Henan,and Guangdong had the highest environmental degradation costs.The annual average growth rate of the environmental degradation costs in Jiangsu,Guangdong,and Zhejiang were lower than their growth rate of the GDP respectively;iv.Consideration of environmental degradation cost in decision-making could contribute to the high-quality development of China.展开更多
The false topographic perception phenomenon(FTPP)refers to the visual misperception in remote-sensing images that certain types of terrains are visually interpreted as other types in rugged lands,for example,valleys a...The false topographic perception phenomenon(FTPP)refers to the visual misperception in remote-sensing images that certain types of terrains are visually interpreted as other types in rugged lands,for example,valleys as ridges and troughs as peaks.For this reason,the FTPP can influence the visualization and interpretation of images to a great extent.To scrutinize this problem,the paper firstly reviews and tests the existing FTPP-correction techniques and identifies the inverse slope-matching technique as an effective approach to visually enhance remote-sensing images and retain the colour information.The paper then proposes an improved FTPP-correction procedure that incorporates other image-processing techniques(e.g.linear stretch,histogram matching,and flat-area replacement)to enhance the performance of this technique.A further evaluation of the proposed technique is conducted by applying the technique to various study areas and using different types of remote-sensing images.The result indicates the method is relatively robust and will be a significant extension to geovisual analytics in digital earth research.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0207605)Ministry of Ecology and Environment Financial Program of China(No.2110105).
文摘This paper aims to evaluate the cost of environmental degradation by adopting the conventional environmental economic methodology in China from 2004 to 2017 and summarize the change in both the causes and costs of China’s environmental degradation.Results from this study revealed the following:i.The environmental degradation cost in China increased from 511 billion yuan to 1,892 billion yuan from 2004 to 2017,and its share in the GDP decreased from 3.05% to 2.23%;ii.The environmental degradation cost growth rate was lower than the GDP growth rate.The environmental degradation cost growth rate decreased sharply,by dropping from 10% in 2014 to 2% in 2017.The environmental benefits of industrial transformation have emerged;iii.The provinces of Shandong,Hebei,Jiangsu,Henan,and Guangdong had the highest environmental degradation costs.The annual average growth rate of the environmental degradation costs in Jiangsu,Guangdong,and Zhejiang were lower than their growth rate of the GDP respectively;iv.Consideration of environmental degradation cost in decision-making could contribute to the high-quality development of China.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China[grant number 2015CB953603]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41371389].
文摘The false topographic perception phenomenon(FTPP)refers to the visual misperception in remote-sensing images that certain types of terrains are visually interpreted as other types in rugged lands,for example,valleys as ridges and troughs as peaks.For this reason,the FTPP can influence the visualization and interpretation of images to a great extent.To scrutinize this problem,the paper firstly reviews and tests the existing FTPP-correction techniques and identifies the inverse slope-matching technique as an effective approach to visually enhance remote-sensing images and retain the colour information.The paper then proposes an improved FTPP-correction procedure that incorporates other image-processing techniques(e.g.linear stretch,histogram matching,and flat-area replacement)to enhance the performance of this technique.A further evaluation of the proposed technique is conducted by applying the technique to various study areas and using different types of remote-sensing images.The result indicates the method is relatively robust and will be a significant extension to geovisual analytics in digital earth research.