Numerical simulation and experimental methods were used to investigate the effects of weld penetration on tensile properties of 2219 aluminum alloy tungsten inert gas(TIG)welded joints.The results show that when other...Numerical simulation and experimental methods were used to investigate the effects of weld penetration on tensile properties of 2219 aluminum alloy tungsten inert gas(TIG)welded joints.The results show that when other geometric parameters are consistent,within a certain range,the deeper the weld penetration of the capping weld is,the lower the tensile strength of the j oint is.The deeper weld penetration of the capping weld can cause the more concentrated stress at the weld toe and the joint is more likely to crack accordingly.Based on necessary assumptions,a model for analyzing the mathematical relation between the weld penetration of the capping weld and the tensile strength of the joint was proposed to validate the experimental results. The decrease of weld penetration of capping weld can be controlled by decreasing welding current,helium content or increasing welding voltage.展开更多
MicroRNAs(mi RNAs)are endogenous,noncoding,single-stranded small RNAs that regulate expression of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes and are involved in almost all tumor-related processes.Mi RNA dysregulation plays ...MicroRNAs(mi RNAs)are endogenous,noncoding,single-stranded small RNAs that regulate expression of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes and are involved in almost all tumor-related processes.Mi RNA dysregulation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer through specific signal pathways,including the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,and is closely related to the malignant characteristics of esophageal cancer.The interaction between mi RNAs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,which is specifically expressed in esophageal cancer tissues,shows potential as a new biomarker and therapeutic target.This article reviews the role of mi RNAs related to the Wnt pathway in the carcinogenesis of esophageal carcinoma and its role in Wnt signal transduction.The content of this review can be used as the basis for formulating or improving the treatment strategy of esophageal cancer.展开更多
Microstructural evolution and its effect on mechanical properties in different regions of 2219-C10S aluminum alloy tungsten inert gas(TIG)welded joint were analyzed in detail.In weld zone(WZ),α+θeutectic structure f...Microstructural evolution and its effect on mechanical properties in different regions of 2219-C10S aluminum alloy tungsten inert gas(TIG)welded joint were analyzed in detail.In weld zone(WZ),α+θeutectic structure formed at grain boundaries with no precipitates inside the grains.In partially melted zone(PMZ),symbiotic eutectic or divorced eutectic formed at grain boundaries and needle-likeθ′phases appeared in the secondary heated zone.In over aged zone(OAZ),the coarsening and dissolution ofθ′phases occurred and mostθ′phases transformed intoθphases.In general heat affected zone(HAZ),θ′phases coarsened.Factors such as the strengthening phases,the grain size,the Cu content in matrix and the dislocation density can affect the mechanical properties in different regions of the joint.Moreover,a model describing the relationship between mechanical properties of the material and the volume fraction of precipitates,the average diameter of precipitates and the concentration of soluble elements was proposed.展开更多
Paraquat (PQ, methyl viologen) was widely used in agricultural production throughout the world in 1962 for its efficient herbicidal activity. PQ was also highly toxic drug. About 5 mL medicine including 20% paraquat w...Paraquat (PQ, methyl viologen) was widely used in agricultural production throughout the world in 1962 for its efficient herbicidal activity. PQ was also highly toxic drug. About 5 mL medicine including 20% paraquat was life-threatening that can cause poisoning. In 1966, some people died because of PQ poisoning. Most patients had acute respiratory distress syndrome after 2 wk, and 70% of them died due to the lack of effective detoxification drugs. Thus, it was particularly important to understand the pathogenesis of PQ poisoning and give some effective treatments. This article will review the toxicological mechanism and treatment on PQ poisoning of acute lung injury.展开更多
BACKGROUND Aortoesophageal fistula(AEF)induced by esophageal fishbones is a rare complication of esophageal foreign bodies and is very difficult to treat.Although the current view suggests that endovascular stent-graf...BACKGROUND Aortoesophageal fistula(AEF)induced by esophageal fishbones is a rare complication of esophageal foreign bodies and is very difficult to treat.Although the current view suggests that endovascular stent-graft treatment is useful for AEF,whether a subsequent thoracic operation is necessary remains controversial.The purpose of this report is to describe our experience using endovascular stentgraft treatment without combined thoracic operations for the treatment of AEF in two specific cases.CASE SUMMARY We presented two cases of patients complaining of retrosternal discomfort treated in our department for an aortoesophageal fistula caused by the accidental ingestion of a fishbone.The two patients were effectively managed with combined means of endoscopic,medical(broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy,fasting,gastrointestinal decompression,etc.)and endovascular stent-graft treatment.The main difference in treatment was that the first patient presented with hematemesis after endoscopic removal of the fishbone.Subsequently,the patient underwent endovascular stent-graft treatment.The second case was managed with endoscopic removal of the fishbone with simultaneous endovascular stent-graft treatment,without any signs of hematemesis or melena.Both patients had successful postoperative management and were discharged home.Long-term follow-up is ongoing.CONCLUSION The treatment decision-making process should depend on the patients’specific situations.Our practice indicates that endovascular stent-graft treatment without combined thoracic operations could be a valuable alternative in selected patients.展开更多
The surface quality of chamfer milling of stainless steel is closed related to the products of 3 C(Computer, Communication and Consumer electronics), where a cutter is a major part to achieve that. Targeting a high-qu...The surface quality of chamfer milling of stainless steel is closed related to the products of 3 C(Computer, Communication and Consumer electronics), where a cutter is a major part to achieve that. Targeting a high-quality cutter,an experimental evaluation is carried out on the influence of grinding texture of cutter flank face on surface quality.The mathematic models of chamfer cutter are established, and they are validated by a numerical simulation. Also the grinding data are generated by the models and tested by a grinding simulation for safety reasons. Then, a set of chamfer cutting tools are machined in a five-axis CNC grinding machine, and consist of five angles between the cutting edge and the grinding texture on the 1 st flank faces, i.e., 0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°. Furthermore, the machined cutting tools are tested in a series of milling experiments of chamfer hole of stainless steel, where cutting forces and surface morphologies are measured and observed. The results show that the best state of both surface quality and cutting force is archived by the tool with 45° grinding texture, which can provide a support for manufacturing of cutting tool used in chamfer milling.展开更多
Background：Associations between glutamine （Gln） enriched nutrition support and surgical patients with gastrointestinal （GI） tumor remain controversy.The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of G...Background：Associations between glutamine （Gln） enriched nutrition support and surgical patients with gastrointestinal （GI） tumor remain controversy.The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of Gln enriched nutrition support on surgical patients with GI tumor in term of relevant biochemical indices,immune indices,and clinical outcomes.Methods：Six databases were systematically searched to find eligible randomized controlled trials （RCTs） from 1966 to May 2014.When estimated the analysis indexes,the relative risk （RR） was used as the effect size of the categorical variable,while the weighted mean difference （MD） was used as the effect size of a continuous variable.Meta-analysis was conducted with Rev Man 5.2.Results：Thirteen RCTs,involving 1034 patients,were included in the meta-analysis.The analysis showed that Gln enriched nutrition support was more effective in increasing serum albumin （MD：0.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]：0.02-0.18; P 〈 0.05）,serum prealbumin （MD：1.98; 95% CI：1.40-2.55; P 〈 0.05） and serum transferring （MD：0.35; 95% CI：0.12-0.57; P 〈 0.05）,concentration of IgG （MD：1.26; 95% CI：0.90-1.63; P 〈 0.05）,IgM （MD：0.18; 95% CI：0.11-0.25; P 〈 0.05）,IgA （MD：0.22; 95% CI：0.10-0.33; P 〈 0.05）,CD3＋ （MD：3.71; 95% CI：2.57-4.85; P 〈 0.05） and CD4/CD8 ratio （MD：0.27; 95% CI：0.12-0.42; P 〈 0.05）.Meanwhile,it was more significant in decreasing the incidence of infectious complications （RR：0.67; 95% CI：0.50-0.90; P 〈 0.05） and shortening the length of hospital stay （MD：-1.72; 95% CI：-3.31--0.13; P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions：Glutamine enriched nutrition support was superior in improving immune function,reducing the incidence of infectious complications and shortening the length of hospital stay,playing an important role in the rehabilitation of surgical GI cancer patients.展开更多
基金Project(U1637601)supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Numerical simulation and experimental methods were used to investigate the effects of weld penetration on tensile properties of 2219 aluminum alloy tungsten inert gas(TIG)welded joints.The results show that when other geometric parameters are consistent,within a certain range,the deeper the weld penetration of the capping weld is,the lower the tensile strength of the j oint is.The deeper weld penetration of the capping weld can cause the more concentrated stress at the weld toe and the joint is more likely to crack accordingly.Based on necessary assumptions,a model for analyzing the mathematical relation between the weld penetration of the capping weld and the tensile strength of the joint was proposed to validate the experimental results. The decrease of weld penetration of capping weld can be controlled by decreasing welding current,helium content or increasing welding voltage.
文摘MicroRNAs(mi RNAs)are endogenous,noncoding,single-stranded small RNAs that regulate expression of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes and are involved in almost all tumor-related processes.Mi RNA dysregulation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer through specific signal pathways,including the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,and is closely related to the malignant characteristics of esophageal cancer.The interaction between mi RNAs and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,which is specifically expressed in esophageal cancer tissues,shows potential as a new biomarker and therapeutic target.This article reviews the role of mi RNAs related to the Wnt pathway in the carcinogenesis of esophageal carcinoma and its role in Wnt signal transduction.The content of this review can be used as the basis for formulating or improving the treatment strategy of esophageal cancer.
基金Project(U1637601)supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Microstructural evolution and its effect on mechanical properties in different regions of 2219-C10S aluminum alloy tungsten inert gas(TIG)welded joint were analyzed in detail.In weld zone(WZ),α+θeutectic structure formed at grain boundaries with no precipitates inside the grains.In partially melted zone(PMZ),symbiotic eutectic or divorced eutectic formed at grain boundaries and needle-likeθ′phases appeared in the secondary heated zone.In over aged zone(OAZ),the coarsening and dissolution ofθ′phases occurred and mostθ′phases transformed intoθphases.In general heat affected zone(HAZ),θ′phases coarsened.Factors such as the strengthening phases,the grain size,the Cu content in matrix and the dislocation density can affect the mechanical properties in different regions of the joint.Moreover,a model describing the relationship between mechanical properties of the material and the volume fraction of precipitates,the average diameter of precipitates and the concentration of soluble elements was proposed.
文摘Paraquat (PQ, methyl viologen) was widely used in agricultural production throughout the world in 1962 for its efficient herbicidal activity. PQ was also highly toxic drug. About 5 mL medicine including 20% paraquat was life-threatening that can cause poisoning. In 1966, some people died because of PQ poisoning. Most patients had acute respiratory distress syndrome after 2 wk, and 70% of them died due to the lack of effective detoxification drugs. Thus, it was particularly important to understand the pathogenesis of PQ poisoning and give some effective treatments. This article will review the toxicological mechanism and treatment on PQ poisoning of acute lung injury.
文摘BACKGROUND Aortoesophageal fistula(AEF)induced by esophageal fishbones is a rare complication of esophageal foreign bodies and is very difficult to treat.Although the current view suggests that endovascular stent-graft treatment is useful for AEF,whether a subsequent thoracic operation is necessary remains controversial.The purpose of this report is to describe our experience using endovascular stentgraft treatment without combined thoracic operations for the treatment of AEF in two specific cases.CASE SUMMARY We presented two cases of patients complaining of retrosternal discomfort treated in our department for an aortoesophageal fistula caused by the accidental ingestion of a fishbone.The two patients were effectively managed with combined means of endoscopic,medical(broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy,fasting,gastrointestinal decompression,etc.)and endovascular stent-graft treatment.The main difference in treatment was that the first patient presented with hematemesis after endoscopic removal of the fishbone.Subsequently,the patient underwent endovascular stent-graft treatment.The second case was managed with endoscopic removal of the fishbone with simultaneous endovascular stent-graft treatment,without any signs of hematemesis or melena.Both patients had successful postoperative management and were discharged home.Long-term follow-up is ongoing.CONCLUSION The treatment decision-making process should depend on the patients’specific situations.Our practice indicates that endovascular stent-graft treatment without combined thoracic operations could be a valuable alternative in selected patients.
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.QC2016070)
文摘The surface quality of chamfer milling of stainless steel is closed related to the products of 3 C(Computer, Communication and Consumer electronics), where a cutter is a major part to achieve that. Targeting a high-quality cutter,an experimental evaluation is carried out on the influence of grinding texture of cutter flank face on surface quality.The mathematic models of chamfer cutter are established, and they are validated by a numerical simulation. Also the grinding data are generated by the models and tested by a grinding simulation for safety reasons. Then, a set of chamfer cutting tools are machined in a five-axis CNC grinding machine, and consist of five angles between the cutting edge and the grinding texture on the 1 st flank faces, i.e., 0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°. Furthermore, the machined cutting tools are tested in a series of milling experiments of chamfer hole of stainless steel, where cutting forces and surface morphologies are measured and observed. The results show that the best state of both surface quality and cutting force is archived by the tool with 45° grinding texture, which can provide a support for manufacturing of cutting tool used in chamfer milling.
文摘Background：Associations between glutamine （Gln） enriched nutrition support and surgical patients with gastrointestinal （GI） tumor remain controversy.The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of Gln enriched nutrition support on surgical patients with GI tumor in term of relevant biochemical indices,immune indices,and clinical outcomes.Methods：Six databases were systematically searched to find eligible randomized controlled trials （RCTs） from 1966 to May 2014.When estimated the analysis indexes,the relative risk （RR） was used as the effect size of the categorical variable,while the weighted mean difference （MD） was used as the effect size of a continuous variable.Meta-analysis was conducted with Rev Man 5.2.Results：Thirteen RCTs,involving 1034 patients,were included in the meta-analysis.The analysis showed that Gln enriched nutrition support was more effective in increasing serum albumin （MD：0.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]：0.02-0.18; P 〈 0.05）,serum prealbumin （MD：1.98; 95% CI：1.40-2.55; P 〈 0.05） and serum transferring （MD：0.35; 95% CI：0.12-0.57; P 〈 0.05）,concentration of IgG （MD：1.26; 95% CI：0.90-1.63; P 〈 0.05）,IgM （MD：0.18; 95% CI：0.11-0.25; P 〈 0.05）,IgA （MD：0.22; 95% CI：0.10-0.33; P 〈 0.05）,CD3＋ （MD：3.71; 95% CI：2.57-4.85; P 〈 0.05） and CD4/CD8 ratio （MD：0.27; 95% CI：0.12-0.42; P 〈 0.05）.Meanwhile,it was more significant in decreasing the incidence of infectious complications （RR：0.67; 95% CI：0.50-0.90; P 〈 0.05） and shortening the length of hospital stay （MD：-1.72; 95% CI：-3.31--0.13; P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions：Glutamine enriched nutrition support was superior in improving immune function,reducing the incidence of infectious complications and shortening the length of hospital stay,playing an important role in the rehabilitation of surgical GI cancer patients.
