A process-oriented approach for identifying potential landslides considering time-dependent behaviors beyond geomorphological features

Geomorphological features are commonly used to identify potential landslides.Nevertheless,overemphasis on these features could lead to misjudgment.This research proposes a process-oriented approach for potential landslide identification that considers time-dependent behaviors.The method integrates comprehensive remote sensing and geological analysis to qualitatively assess slope stability,and employs numerical analysis to quantitatively calculate aging stability.Specifically,a time-dependent stability calculation method for anticlinal slopes is developed and implemented in discrete element software,incorporating time-dependent mechanical and strength reduction calculations.By considering the time-dependent evolution of slopes,this method highlights the importance of both geomorphological features and time-dependent behaviors in landslide identification.This method has been applied to the Jiarishan slope(JRS)on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a case study.The results show that the JRS,despite having landslide geomorphology,is a stable slope,highlighting the risk of misjudgment when relying solely on geomorphological features.This work provides insights into the geomorphological characterization and evolution history of the JRS and offers valuable guidance for studying slopes with similar landslide geomorphology.Furthermore,the process-oriented method incorporating timedependent evolution provides a means to evaluate potential landslides,reducing misjudgment due to excessive reliance on geomorphological features.

Corrosion resistance of Mg-Al-LDH steam coating on AZ80 Mg alloy:Effects of citric acid pretreatment and intermetallic compounds

In this study,the effects of intermetallic compounds(Mg_(17)Al_(12)and Al_(8)Mn_(5))on the Mg-Al layered double hydroxide(LDH)formation mechanism and corrosion behavior of an in-situ LDH/Mg(OH)_(2)steam coatings on AZ80 Mg alloy were investigated.Citric acid(CA)was used to activate the alloy surface during the pretreatment process.The alloy was first pretreated with CA and then subjected to a hydrothermal process using ultrapure water to produce Mg-Al-LDH/Mg(OH)_(2)steam coating.The effect of different time of acid pretreatment on the activation of the intermetallic compounds was investigated.The microstructure and elemental composition of the obtained coatings were analyzed using FE-SEM,EDS,XRD and FT-IR.The corrosion resistance of the coated samples was evaluated using different techniques,i.e.,potentiodynamic polarization(PDP),electrochemical impedance spectrum(EIS)and hydrogen evolution test.The results indicated that the CA pretreatment significantly influenced the activity of the alloy surface by exposing the intermetallic compounds.The surface area fraction of Mg_(17)Al_(12)and Al_(8)Mn_(5)phases on the surface of the alloy was significantly higher after the CA pretreatment,and thus promoted the growth of the subsequent Mg-Al-LDH coatings.The CA pretreatment for 30 s resulted in a denser and thicker LDH coating.Increase in the CA pretreatment time significantly led to the improvement in corrosion resistance of the coated AZ80 alloy.The corrosion current density of the coated alloy was lower by three orders of magnitude as compared to the uncoated alloy.

“互联网+”背景下智慧教学模式设计与实践

智慧教育是一种基于新兴信息技术的教育模式,它将互联网、大数据、人工智能等技术应用于教学中,旨在实现教育的个性化、智能化和互动化。随着技术的不断发展,智慧教育正逐渐成为高等教育领域改革的重要方向。智慧教学快速发展主要体现在智慧教育理论内涵的丰富、智慧教学平台与关键技术的创新、智慧教学主体的变革、智慧教学模式的设计和多维评价体系的构建。为顺应时代的发展,智慧教学产生线上智慧教学模式和混合教学模式(轻型智慧教学、深度智慧教学),混合教学模式结合线上和线下教学的优势,更好地实现教学的互动性和实效性。从多角度阐述智慧教育内涵、智慧教学平台,以及智慧教学要素的发展,设计出适应高等教育教学实情的教学模式和评价体系,为积极推进高等教育改革、打造新型智慧教学整体提供建议。

Molecular dynamics study of thermal conductivities of cubic diamond,lonsdaleite,and nanotwinned diamond via machine-learned potential

Diamond is a wide-bandgap semiconductor with a variety of crystal configurations,and has the potential applications in the field of high-frequency,radiation-hardened,and high-power devices.There are several important polytypes of diamonds,such as cubic diamond,lonsdaleite,and nanotwinned diamond(NTD).The thermal conductivities of semiconductors in high-power devices at different temperatures should be calculated.However,there has been no reports about thermal conductivities of cubic diamond and its polytypes both efficiently and accurately based on molecular dynamics(MD).Here,using interatomic potential of neural networks can provide obvious advantages.For example,comparing with the use of density functional theory(DFT),the calculation time is reduced,while maintaining high accuracy in predicting the thermal conductivities of the above-mentioned three diamond polytypes.Based on the neuroevolution potential(NEP),the thermal conductivities of cubic diamond,lonsdaleite,and NTD at 300 K are respectively 2507.3 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),1557.2 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),and 985.6 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),which are higher than the calculation results based on Tersoff-1989 potential(1508 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),1178 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),and 794 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),respectively).The thermal conductivities of cubic diamond and lonsdaleite,obtained by using the NEP,are closer to the experimental data or DFT data than those from Tersoff-potential.The molecular dynamics simulations are performed by using NEP to calculate the phonon dispersions,in order to explain the possible reasons for discrepancies among the cubic diamond,lonsdaleite,and NTD.In this work,we propose a scheme to predict the thermal conductivity of cubic diamond,lonsdaleite,and NTD precisely and efficiently,and explain the differences in thermal conductivity among cubic diamond,lonsdaleite,and NTD.

A Cooperative Security Monitoring Mechanism Aided by Optimal Multiple Slave Cluster Heads for UASNs

As each cluster head(CH)sensor node is used to aggregate,fuse,and forward data from different sensor nodes in an underwater acoustic sensor network(UASN),guaranteeing the data security in a CH is very critical.In this paper,a cooperative security monitoring mechanism aided by multiple slave cluster heads(SCHs)is proposed to keep track of the data security of a CH.By designing a low complexity“equilateral triangle algorithm(ETA)”,the optimal SCHs(named as ETA-based multiple SCHs)are selected from the candidate SCHs so as to improve the dispersion and coverage of SCHs and achieve largescale data security monitoring.In addition,by analyzing the entire monitoring process,the close form expression of the probability of the failure attack identification for the SCHs with respect to the probability of attack launched by ordinary nodes is deduced.The simulation results show that the proposed optimal ETA-based multiple SCH cooperation scheme has lower probability of the failure attack identification than that of the existing schemes.In addition,the numerical simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis results,thus verifying the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

A Study on Computer Consciousness on Intuitive Geometry Based on Mathematics Experiments and Statistical Analysis

In this paper, we present our research on building computing machines consciousness about intuitive geometry based on mathematics experiments and statistical inference. The investigation consists of the following five steps. At first, we select a set of geometric configurations and for each configuration we construct a large amount of geometric data as observation data using dynamic geometry programs together with the pseudo-random number generator. Secondly, we refer to the geometric predicates in the algebraic method of machine proof of geometric theorems to construct statistics suitable for measuring the approximate geometric relationships in the observation data. In the third step, we propose a geometric relationship detection method based on the similarity of data distribution, where the search space has been reduced into small batches of data by pre-searching for efficiency, and the hypothetical test of the possible geometric relationships in the search results has be performed. In the fourth step, we explore the integer relation of the line segment lengths in the geometric configuration in addition. At the final step, we do numerical experiments for the pre-selected geometric configurations to verify the effectiveness of our method. The results show that computer equipped with the above procedures can find out the hidden geometric relations from the randomly generated data of related geometric configurations, and in this sense, computing machines can actually attain certain consciousness of intuitive geometry as early civilized humans in ancient Mesopotamia.

Toxoplasmosis-Associated Secondary Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review

Background: Toxoplasmosis is an extremely rare disease that occurs in the hosts contact with cat and dog frequently. Most human acute infections go unnoticed in immunocompetent individuals, and gradually transformed into chronic infection. However, while host immunity significantly waned, the risk of reactivation of chronic toxoplasma infection is greatly increased. Reactivation of latent toxoplasmic infection often presents with fever, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, neurological signs and pneumonia. However, for the non-specific clinical and biological signs and its fetal outcome, toxoplasmosis is often misdiagnosed and only revealed at autopsy. Case Presenation: We report a case hospitalized for a week history of cough, anorexia and fatigue with nasal bleeding for a day. After hospitalization, broad-spectrum antibiotherapy was started without a clear diagnosis of infection. Then the patient did a lot of investigations to search the cause of infection, but there were no positive findings. However, an unexpected discovery was detected from peripheral blood smears, shows 1 - 3 μm in diameter, scattered, short and bow like microorganisms on Day 39 of hospitalization. Combined with the medical history and clinical manifestation, toxoplasmosis was diagnosed finally. Unfortunately, secondary hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) was diagnosed only two days after targeted anti-infection therapy, and the patient died on Day 45 of hospitalization. Conclusions: Patient with unexplained long-term fever and neurological symptoms, interstitial pneumonitis or myocarditis, toxoplasmosis should be positively considered. Only early diagnosis and treatment can increase the possibility of a successful cure and avoid other secondary diseases.

青龙矿田兰旗组火山岩岩石学、地球化学特征及成因探讨

青龙铀矿田中侏罗统兰旗组为一套较厚中性火山熔岩–火山碎屑岩,是含矿层上覆最重要保护层。基于火山岩相学特征将兰旗组划分为3段:下段安山集块岩、安山角砾岩、及碎斑安山岩、安山岩;中段紫红色凝灰质砂岩、砾岩;上段气孔状安山岩夹薄层黑云母晶屑凝灰岩。对各层位的火山熔岩进行了岩石地球化学分析,结果显示总体具有低镁低钛高铝高钾特征,属准铝质系列和高钾钙碱性系列;稀土元素、相容元素、不相容元素等显示下地壳岩浆混入幔源特征,并显示了各阶段混染程度存在强–弱–强演化趋势;岩浆成因并非大规模结晶分异,可能主要为部分熔融;其形成构造背景为板内造山环境,处于地壳缩短加厚晚期向减薄转换阶段。

金属间化合物Al-Mn颗粒对AZ31镁合金原位蒸气Mg-Al-LDH涂层的影响

研究金属间合物Al-Mn颗粒对AZ31镁合金原位形成的Mg-Al水滑石(Mg-Al-CO32--LDH)蒸气涂层腐蚀行为的影响。该合金用H3PO4、HCl、HNO3或柠檬酸(CA)进行预处理,然后进行水热处理制备Mg-Al-LDH涂层。研究涂层样品的显微组织、组成和耐腐蚀性。结果表明,经CA预处理后,合金表面暴露的Al-Mn相的表面积分数显著增加,促进Mg-Al-LDH蒸气涂层的生长。此外,经CA预处理后的合金上LDH涂层在所有涂层中表面最致密、涂层厚度最大。与裸合金相比,含有涂层样品的腐蚀电流密度降低3个数量级。

氧官能团MXenes用于电催化合成氨的理论筛选

电催化合成氨技术以绿色可再生的电能为驱动力,通过在室温条件下改变外加电压来克服速控步能垒,被认为是一种取代哈伯工艺的潜在选择.然而,该技术存在法拉第效率较低、氨气产率不高等问题.因此,设计高效的电合成氨催化剂是目前亟待解决的关键问题.氧官能团的二维过渡金属碳化物和氮化物(MXenes)由于具有独特的几何结构、高导电性和表面易调变等特点,在全水解、碳转化、氧还原或固氮等电催化过程中应用十分广泛.其中,表面氧官能团不饱和覆盖的MXenes材料的电催化合成氨性能较好,这是因为适量的氧空位能够调节活性中心的电荷分布,从而优化关键中间体的结合强度;同时,氧空位的存在为反应提供了足够的活性位点.然而,氧官能团MXenes家族庞大,种类众多,如何从中筛选出合适的合成氨电催化剂尚且缺乏理论指导.本文设计了一系列氧官能团的二维过渡金属碳化物和氮化物(MXenes)作为合成氨电催化剂,并通过密度泛函理论从稳定性、选择性和活性角度出发提出了一套较完善的筛选流程.以纯MXenes表面覆盖17/18氧官能团所需的极限电位来判断氧官能团MXenes的稳定性.通过对催化剂上氮气分子和氢原子的吸附行为进行比较来证明其选择性.通过比较潜在热力学决速步的吉布斯自由能(包括G_(N2-NNH),G_(NH-NH_(2))和G_(NH_(2)-NH3))快速获得反应所需的极限电位,可以快速筛选出最佳催化剂.在此基础上,通过吉布斯自由能计算,完整分析了Nb_(3)C_(2)O_(x)上电催化合成氨的反应机理并利用催化性能来验证筛选的准确性.计算结果表明,Nb_(3)C_(2)O_(x)催化剂上的热力学决速步为*NH_(2)加氢,吉布斯自由能仅上升了0.45 eV,与筛选结果一致.此外,结合套索算法,回归了氧官能团MXenes电催化合成氨性能Gx的表达式,探寻了催化活性来源.同时,由吸附能组成的描述符被证明是描述热力学决速步吉布斯自由能的重要变量.

部分氧化碳化硅提高钯催化氧还原反应性能

燃料电池具有能量转换效率高的优点,是能量转换与储存的高效器件之一.目前,燃料电池阴极氧还原反应(ORR)动力学缓慢,并且催化ORR大量使用铂碳(Pt/C)催化剂,由于Pt储量少,价格高,载体碳材料易发生碳蚀导致催化剂稳定性降低,限制了其进一步商业化应用.钯(Pd)与Pt为同族元素,具有相似的电子结构和化学性质,其储量是Pt的50倍,同时,Pd具有良好的抗甲醇毒性和抗一氧化碳毒性,因此,被视为燃料电池中阴极Pt催化剂的潜在替代品.但商用Pd/C催化剂的ORR活性较Pt/C差,因此,大量的研究工作集中在提高Pd基ORR催化剂的活性方面:将Pd与具有3d轨道的金属形成合金或将Pd负载到不同的载体上.通过选择合适的载体影响Pd的电子结构,从而提高催化剂活性和稳定性,是一种较简单的、有利于规模化生产Pd基ORR催化剂的方法.碳化硅(SiC)具有良好的电化学稳定性、热稳定性、机械强度和较强的供电子能力,可被用作ORR的金属催化剂载体.然而,由于金属与SiC作用较弱,需要制备特殊形貌的SiC或将SiC表面改性;通常,这些SiC基载体的制备过程复杂并且成本高.而在有氧条件下制备、保存或使用SiC时,其表面不可避免地被氧化,这种在温和条件下生成的表面具有含氧官能团的SiC,由于制备过程简便,可以大规模生产,且与金属有强的相互作用,是一种很有前景的ORR的Pd基催化剂载体.对于用于替代Pt基催化剂的负载型Pd基ORR催化剂的开发和大规模制造来说,对载体表面改性的深入了解是一个重要并且具有挑战性的课题.目前尚未发现关于SiC表面的含氧基团对ORR性能影响的报道.因此,详细考察SiC载体上含氧基团在ORR中的作用对于理解、设计和开发具有优异ORR性能的SiC负载催化剂至关重要.本文采用沉积沉淀法在表面部分氧化的碳化硅(O-SiC)均匀负载了平均直径为5.2 nm的Pd纳米颗粒.与20 wt%商业Pt/C相比,制备的2.5 wt%Pd/O-SiC催化剂显示出较好的ORR活性(半波电位正向移动10 mV),较好的稳定性(10 h后,电流密度损失3.5%vs.34.9%),和较高的抗甲醇毒性.结构表征及密度泛函理论(DFT)计算结果表明,与Pd/C相比,Pd/O-SiC具有优异的ORR性能主要是由于O-SiC载体对Pd纳米颗粒具有电子调控作用,使Pd带负电.富电子Pd增强了ORR关键中间体OOH的吸附,降低了反应的吉布斯自由能,从而提高了ORR活性.另外,O-SiC载体对Pd纳米颗粒具有大的结合能和较好的SiC稳定性,增强了Pd/O-SiC催化剂的抗甲醇毒性及稳定性.DFT计算结果表明,SiC表面部分氧化后,仍保持对Pd的较高结合能,同时大幅增强了催化剂对中间体的吸附,降低了ORR关键电化学步骤吉布斯自由能,从而提高了氧还原性能.因此,本工作明确了SiC表面氧化的作用,同时提供了一种简易大规模制备高效负载型铂基替代ORR催化剂的策略.

Stress increases MHC-I expression in dopaminergic neurons and induces autoimmune activation in Parkinson’s disease

The expression of major histocompatibility complex class I(MHC-I),a key antigen-presenting protein,can be induced in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra,thus indicating its possible involvement in the occurrence and development of Parkinson’s disease.However,it remains unclear whether oxidative stress induces Parkinson’s disease through the MHC-I pathway.In the present study,polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays were used to determine the expression of MHC-I in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP+)-treated SH-SY5Y cells and a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)-induced Parkinson’s disease mouse model.The findings revealed that MHC-I was expressed in both models.To detect whether the expression of MHC-I was able to trigger the infiltration of cytotoxic T cells,immunofluorescence staining was used to detect cytotoxic cluster of differentiation 8(CD8)+T cell infiltration in the substantia nigra of MPTP-treated mice.The results indicated that the presentation of MHC-I in dopaminergic neurons was indeed accompanied by an increase in the number of CD8+T cells.Moreover,in MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease model mice,the genetic knockdown of endogenous MHC-I,which was caused by injecting specific adenovirus into the substantia nigra,led to a significant reduction in CD8+T cell infiltration and alleviated dopaminergic neuronal death.To further investigate the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced MHC-I presentation,the expression of PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1)was silenced in MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y cells using specific small interfering RNA(siRNA),and there was more presentation of MHC-I in these cells compared with control siRNA-treated cells.Taken together,MPP+-/MPTP-induced oxidative stress can trigger MHC-I presentation and autoimmune activation,thus rendering dopaminergic neurons susceptible to immune cells and degeneration.This may be one of the mechanisms of oxidative stress-induced Parkinson’s disease,and implies the potential neuroprotective role of PINK1 in oxidative stress-induced MHC-I presentation.All animal experiments were approved by the Southern Medical University Ethics Committee(No.81802040,approved on February 25,2018).

Crucial control on magmatic-hydrothermal Sn deposit in the Tengchong block,SW China:Evidence from magma differentiation and zircon geochemistry

Magmatic-hydrothermal Sn deposits are commonly associated with high silica magmas,but why most global high silica granites do not bear economic Sn ore grades remains unclear.Two crucial factors controlling magmatic-hydrothermal Sn mineralization,including advanced fractionation and depressurization-induced rapid cooling,were revealed in the case study of the Guyong granitic pluton linked with the Xiaolonghe Sn deposit,in the Tengchong block,SW China.The Guyong granitic pluton comprises three petrological facies:less evolved biotite syenogranite,evolved alkali granite and leucogranite,and highly evolved facies(the protolith of greisenized granite).Similar crystallization ages(~77 Ma)and gradual contact between different petrological facies indicate the Guyong granitic pluton records a continuous fractionation process.Monte Carlo-revised Rayleigh fractionation model suggests the fractionation degree of the Guyong pluton is markedly high(>87 wt.%)that can only be achieved by a high initial water(≥4 wt.%)content in the parent granitic magma revealed by rhyolite-MELTS calculation.Advanced degree fractionation causes the first Sn enrichment but it also significantly increases the viscosity of evolved magmas,suppressing the exsolution and transport of hydrothermal fluids.Hence,it must be compensated by the second critical factor:depressurization-induced rapid cooling,reflected by the occurrence of highly metamict zircons in the greisenized granite.The highly metamict feature,indicated by the large full width at half maximum(FWHM)values of zirconν3(SiO_(4)) peak(>19.5 cm^(-1)),suggests these zircons do not experience thermal annealing but rapidly ascend into a shallow cooling environment.Depressurization-induced rapid cooling facilitates exsolution and transport of hydrothermal fluids,interacting with wall rocks and resulting in Sn mineralization.

单原子负载型MXene用于电催化合成氨过程的理论计算（英文）

合成氨在地球氮循环中扮演着重要角色.工业上传统的合成氨方法采用高温高压的反应条件,对反应设备要求高,并且导致了巨大的能耗.因此,以电力为驱动的电催化合成过程作为一种新型的合成氨方法引起了广泛关注.选择和设计合适的催化剂以降低所需的过电势是该过程的一个重要研究课题.常用的电催化剂包括金属基、金属氧化物、聚合物及其他复合性催化剂.其中,单原子催化剂因其极高的原子利用率而广受关注,但必须选择合适的基底使其成为兼具高催化活性和高稳定性的催化剂.二维过渡金属碳/氮化物(MXene)作为一种新型二维材料,拥有和石墨烯类似的电导性质,并与金属有良好的相互作用,是一种富有希望的载体.本文采用密度泛函理论研究了氮气在一系列MXene负载的过渡金属单原子催化剂上的吸附和活化,通过吉布斯自由能计算研究了电催化合成氨的反应路径,给出了相应的过电势.同时,通过研究可能的决速步骤的吉布斯自由能,分析了吉布斯自由能和过电势之间的关系.计算结果表明,在所有的MXene负载的过渡金属单原子上,氮气更倾向于一端吸附.根据吉布斯自由能的定义,负值显示这些催化剂具有良好的氮气活化性能,特别是铁基催化剂(–0.75 eV),这就不难理解工业上广泛应用铁基催化剂.而负载不同的过渡金属对电催化合成氨的过电势具有一定影响.通过吉布斯自由能计算发现,该系列金属的过电势在0.68–2.33 eV, Mo/Ti3C2O2需要的外加电压最少.这对实验上催化剂的选择具有一定的指导意义.同时,我们发现电催化合成氨过程有两个可能的决速步骤:氮气加氢生成NNH和NH2生成氨气.通过比较这两个步骤的吉布斯自由能可快速得到催化剂的过电势.因此,我们可以得出结论,该系列MXene负载的过渡金属单原子催化剂能够有效地改变反应路径,免出现传统反应中氮氮键断裂的巨大能垒,从而有效降低了反应的过电势.这为实验上选择合适的催化剂提供了理论依据.并且,这种通过直接比较决速步骤的吉布斯自由能得到过电势的方法对电催化合成氨以及其他类似反应的催化剂筛选和理性设计具有指导意义.

The Effect of Low Temperature and High Temperature on Flowering and Pollination of Red Cartridge Kiwifruit in Western Guizhou in Early Spring of 2021

Based on the daily average temperature from March 19 to April 2,2021 at three surface meteorological stations in western Guizhou and the daily average temperature,maximum temperature and minimum temperature from March 19 to April 2,2021 at 12 main automatic meteorological stations of red cartridge kiwifruit base,the effects of low temperature and high temperature on flowering and pollination of red cartridge kiwifruit in early spring of 2021 were analyzed.The results showed that slight cold spell in later spring in western Guizhou occurred from March 21 to 23.The lower limit of the daily average temperature required for flowering period(12℃or below)appeared in each base of red cartridge kiwifruit during March 21-23,which affected the red cartridge kiwifruit trees in Faer,Houchang,Miluo,Shunchang,Panlong and Jichang bases flowering and pollinating before March 20.From March 29 to April 2,the daily maximum temperature of Faer and other eleven bases was 30℃or above,which caused the wilting and abscission of flowers and young fruits of of red cartridge kiwifruit trees in Faer,Houchang,Miluo,Shunchang,Panlong,shaomi,Jichang and Aga bases blooming and pollinating before March 24,but the flowers of red cartridge kiwifruit trees in Langdai,Longhe,Pugu and Shuangfeng bases blooming and pollinating after March 28 were not damaged.

Synergistic effect of size-dependent PtZn nanoparticles and zinc single-atom sites for electrochemical ozone production in neutral media

Electrochemical ozone production(EOP) via water electrolysis represents an attractive method for the generation of high-purity O3. Herein, the X-PtZn/Zn-N-C electrocatalysts show a strong structural sensitive behavior depends on the size of the PtZn nanoparticles and their EOP activity exhibits a volcano-type dependence for the O3 performance in neutral media. The 7.7-PtZn/Zn-N-C exhibits EOP current efficiency of 4.2%, and shows the prominent performance in the production of gaseous O3 with a value of 1647 ppb at 30 min, which is almost 4-fold compared to 2.2-Pt Zn/Zn-N-C. Based on the experiments and theoretical calculations, the performance of the EOP process was determined by the nanoparticle size-effect and the synergistic effect between the PtZn nanoparticles and atomically dispersed Zn-N-C. Furthermore, the fivemembered cyclic structure of O3 can be stabilized between the PtZn nanoparticle and the Zn-N-C support,indicating that O3 is produced at the interface.

ED-SWE:Event detection based on scoring and word embedding in online social networks for the internet of people

Online social media networks are gaining attention worldwide,with an increasing number of people relying on them to connect,communicate and share their daily pertinent event-related information.Event detection is now increasingly leveraging online social networks for highlighting events happening around the world via the Internet of People.In this paper,a novel Event Detection model based on Scoring and Word Embedding(ED-SWE)is proposed for discovering key events from a large volume of data streams of tweets and for generating an event summary using keywords and top-k tweets.The proposed ED-SWE model can distill high-quality tweets,reduce the negative impact of the advent of spam,and identify latent events in the data streams automatically.Moreover,a word embedding algorithm is used to learn a real-valued vector representation for a predefined fixed-sized vocabulary from a corpus of Twitter data.In order to further improve the performance of the Expectation-Maximization(EM)iteration algorithm,a novel initialization method based on the authority values of the tweets is also proposed in this paper to detect live events efficiently and precisely.Finally,a novel automatic identification method based on the cosine measure is used to automatically evaluate whether a given topic can form a live event.Experiments conducted on a real-world dataset demonstrate that the ED-SWE model exhibits better efficiency and accuracy than several state-of-art event detection models.

传统孝文化对城市家庭养老的启示

家庭养老作为中国最古老、最基本、最人性化的的养老方式,其赖以存在的思想基础就是传统孝文化。但随着现代家庭结构的变化、人口老龄化的加剧等,我国传统的家庭养老尤其是城市家庭养老面临着严峻的挑战,城市家庭养老的困境主要表现在精神慰藉、生活照料以及经济供养方面,而消解这一困境,以养老、尊老、敬老作为其基本含义的传统孝文化无疑具有重要的启示,可以为当前城市家庭养老提供可选择的思想资源。

Improving the activity and stability of Ni-based electrodes for solid oxide cells through surface engineering:Recent progress and future perspectives

Solid oxide cells(SOCs)have attracted great attention in the past decades because of their high conversion efficiency,low environmental pollution and diversified fuel options.Nickel-based catalysts are the most widely used fuel electrode materials for SOCs due to the low price and high activity.However,when hydrocarbon fuels are employed,nickel-based electrodes face serious carbon deposition challenges,leading to a rapid decline of cell performance.Great efforts have been devoted to understanding the occurrence of the coking reaction,and to improving the stability of the electrodes in hydrocarbon fuels.In this review,we summarize recent research progress of utilizing surface modification to improve the stability and activity of Ni-based electrodes for SOCs by preventing carbon coking.The review starts with a briefly introduction about the reaction mechanism of carbon deposition,followed by listing several surface modification technologies and their working principles.Then we introduce representative works using surface modification strategies to prevent carbon coking on Ni-based electrodes.Finally,we highlight future direction of improving electrode catalytic activity and anti-coking performance through surface engineering.