康柏西普联合全视网膜激光光凝治疗缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞患者的临床研究

目的 探讨康柏西普联合全视网膜激光光凝治疗缺血型视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)患者的临床效果。方法 将80例缺血型CRVO患者随机平均分为两组。对照组采用全视网膜激光光凝治疗,研究组采用康柏西普联合全视网膜激光光凝治疗,均连续随访3个月。比较两组的治疗效果、 BCVA、 CMT及血管内皮功能。结果 研究组治疗总有效率为97.50%,高于对照组的77.50%(P <0.05)。治疗后3个月,研究组BCVA高于对照组,CMT低于对照组(P <0.05)。治疗后3 d,研究组NO水平高于对照组,VEGF、 ET-1水平低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 康柏西普联合全视网膜激光光凝治疗缺血型CRVO患者效果显著,可明显改善患者血管内皮功能,促进患者视力恢复和黄斑水肿消退。

基于多尺度特征记忆增强的异常行为检测算法

针对传统视频异常行为检测任务中存在目标对象空间尺寸变化差异大和对异常行为预测的泛化能力过强等问题,提出一种基于多尺度特征记忆增强的视频异常行为检测改进方法。通过多分支结构的空洞卷积组成的多尺度特征模块在高级特征图上提取不同尺度的特征信息,级联记忆增强模块存储正常行为特征以削弱泛化能力。在多尺度特征模块和记忆增强模块的协同工作下能够有效收集和记忆正常行为场景中的多尺度特征信息。以实验分析验证该方法的有效性。

Predictive Tracking Implementation for Mobile Communication Using Programmable Metasurface

The programmable metasurface(PM)is an antenna array architecture that realizes flexible beam steering.This functionality is achieved by controlling the unit cells designed with micro components such as positive-intrinsic-negative(PIN)diodes,which offers potential cost reductions in the next generation wireless communication systems.Although PM has been a popular topic in antenna design,its implementations in real-time systems accompanied by signal processing algorithms are challenging.In this paper,novel predictive tracking algorithms for mobile communication scenarios using a PM are created and implemented in a real-time system operating at 28 GHz.An angular speed prediction(ASP)algorithm is proposed to compute the position of user equipment(UE)based on the previously recorded beam directions.As another solution,an angle correction(AC)algorithm is proposed to further improve the prediction and tracking accuracy.As a benchmark,the comparisons to a previous PM tracking algorithm without prediction are presented.Both simulation and measurement results show that the prediction algorithms successfully improve the tracking performance,which also prove the feasibilities of PM-based systems to solve complex real-time signal processing problems.

基于对数正态模型的二次匹配指纹定位算法

针对复杂室内环境WiFi信号不稳定导致指纹定位算法定位精度不高的问题,对AP选择、指纹库构建和定位算法进行研究,分别提出了基于对数正态模型的AP选择方法、RSSI虚拟指纹库构建方法以及基于对数正态模型的二次匹配指纹定位算法。在离线阶段,通过拟合对数正态模型对WiFi信号建模,筛选出最契合模型的AP,并构建RSSI指纹库和虚拟指纹库。在线定位阶段,待定位节点在匹配RSSI指纹库的基础上,利用AP的契合度修正欧氏距离相似度,找出相似度更高的指纹点,初步确定待定位节点区域,接着二次匹配虚拟指纹库进行精准定位。实际环境实验结果表明,本文提出的方法突出了不同AP设备对定位造成的影响,能减少离线阶段指纹采集的工作量,有效的提高了定位精度。

新型Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene的化学制备及基于MXene忆阻器特性与机理

阻变器件是一种微电子器件,具有阻值可在两个甚至两个以上的阻态之间重复变化的特点。忆阻器作为新型的阻变器件,具有可连续变化的丰富阻态。近年来因其具备简单的二端结构、高集成度以及低工作电压等特性,在新型非易失性存储以及构建神经形态系统等方面被广泛研究。但其在实现应用的过程中仍存在着稳定性较差等问题。近期一些工作证明了二维材料如氧化石墨烯在优化忆阻器性能方面具备良好的应用潜力。MXene是一种具备类似石墨烯结构的新型二维过渡金属碳/氮化物,因其具备二维层状结构显现出特殊的力学以及电学特性,有望应用于忆阻器中以提高器件的电学性能。在本文中,我们通过化学湿法刻蚀制备了Ti_(3)C_(2)粉末,通过旋涂工艺在忆阻器结构中引入Ti_(3)C_(2)薄膜。Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene与SiO_(2)同时作为忆阻器阻变层,制备了Cu/Ti_(3)C_(2)/SiO_(2)/W结构的忆阻器,并且对其相关电学特性进行了探究。在该器件上,通过实验测得忆阻器典型的开关特性曲线并在双向直流电压下针对高、低阻态的可重复性、稳定性进行了实验。结果表明该器件能够在100个扫描循环过程中保持稳定的高、低阻态达到10^(4) s以上。同时,该器件状态能够受脉冲电压调节,实现突触间典型的双脉冲易化行为。实验结果表明基于Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene的忆阻器将有望应用于构建新兴存储设备以及人工神经形态系统。

Analysis of GNSS radio occultation data from satellite ZH-01

The electromagnetic satellite Zhangheng 01(ZH-01) was successfully launched on February 2, 2018. The GNSS Radio Occultation(GRO) receiver on board the satellite is able to observe the occultation events of GPS and BeiDou navigation satellites. We analyzed the data acquired during the in-orbit testing period. We concludes that the GRO ionosphere inversion results are reasonable,the trend is correct, the satellite can observe about 600 ionosphere occultation events each day. The global coverage of more than 30000 consecutive GRO events in more than two months were analyzed and compared with COSMIC observations: both the GRO and COSMIC occultation can realize global coverage: the Nm F2 and Hm F2 global distributions are similar and change obviously with latitude. We used three digisondes at different latitudes to analyze and compare the spatio-temporally consistent GRO data: the RMSE of GRO Nm F2 relative to digisonde is better than 9.41%, the correlation coefficient is better than 0.8682: the relative RMSE of Hm F2 is better than 7.80% and the correlation coefficient is better than 0.7066.

Joint Modulations of Electromagnetic Waves and Digital Signals on a Single Metasurface Platform to Reach Programmable Wireless Communications

In current wireless communication and electronic systems,digital signals and electromagnetic(EM)radiation are processed by different modules.Here,we propose a mechanism to fuse the modulation of digital signals and the manipulation of EM radiation on a single programmable metasurface(PM).The PM consists of massive subwavelength-scale digital coding elements.A set of digital states of all elements forms simultaneous digital information roles for modulation and the wave-control sequence code of the PM.By designing digital coding sequences in the spatial and temporal domains,the digital information and farfield patterns of the PM can be programmed simultaneously and instantly in desired ways.For the experimental demonstration of the mechanism,we present a programmable wireless communication system.The same system can realize transmissions of digital information in single-channel modes with beamsteerable capability and multichannel modes with multiple independent information.The measured results show the excellent performance of the programmable system.This work provides excellent prospects for applications in fifth-or sixth-generation wireless communications and modern intelligent platforms for unmanned aircrafts and vehicles.

TPN教学法在生物医学数据科学课程教学过程中的应用探索

目的 评价TPN教学法在生物医学数据科学课程教学过程中的效果。方法 为了达到将本课程的理论和实际有效结合,同时提高学生学习的主观能动性这一目标,在教学中使用逆向课程设计模型。采用课堂检测和问卷调查两项指标评价教学效果。结果 95%的学生对课程总体评价满意,所有学生的课程考核都在80分以上,其中90分及以上的占90.4%。结论 TPN教学法能较好地适用于生物医学科学数据课程教学。

Correlation of CD40 ligand and CXC ligand expression with inflammatory response and plaque properties in patients with coronary heart disease

Objective:To study the correlation of CD40 ligand (CD40L) and CXC ligand (CXCL5) expression with inflammatory response and plaque properties in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with coronary heart disease in Xiantao First People's Hospital in Hubei Province between February 2015 and April 2017 were selected as the CHD group of the study, and healthy volunteers who received physical examination during the same period were selected the control group. The peripheral blood was collected to separate RNA, and the CD40L and CXCL5 expression were determined;peripheral blood was collected to separate serum, and the contents of inflammatory response indexes, lipid metabolism indexes and collagen metabolism indexes were determined.Results: CD40L and CXCL5 mRNA expression in peripheral blood of CHD group were significantly higher than those of control group;TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, PCSK9, sdLDLC, ox-LDL, Gal-3, Lp-PLA2, ICTP, ADAMTS4, CatK and CyPA contents in serum of CHD group were significantly higher than those of control group whereas IL-10, TGF-β1, TIMP1 and TIMP2 contents were significantly lower than those of control group;CD40L and CXCL5 expression in peripheral blood were positively correlated with TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, PCSK9, sdLDLC, ox-LDL, Gal-3, Lp-PLA2, ICTP, ADAMTS4, CatK and CyPA contents in serum, and negatively correlated with IL-10, TGF-β1, TIMP1 and TIMP2 contents.Conclusion: Abnormal high expression of CD40L and CXCL5 can aggravate the inflammatory response and reduce the plaque stability in patients with coronary heart disease.

利用定量蛋白质组学分析鉴定醛固酮腺瘤中新型生物标志物和通路

目的本研究旨在通过对接受肾上腺切除术的患者采集的醛固酮腺瘤(aldosterone-producing adenoma,APA)组织进行无标记定量蛋白质组学分析,筛选APA组织和正常肾上腺组织之间差异表达的蛋白。方法利用无标记定量蛋白质组学技术对APA及正常肾上腺组织进行分析,筛选APA组织和正常肾上腺组织之间差异表达的蛋白。采用免疫组化染色对APA病人组织样本染色,验证差异表达蛋白的表达。结果共鉴定了6282种蛋白质。使用P<0.05和|fold change|≥2的显著性截断值,鉴定出356种差异表达蛋白(differentially expressed proteins,DEPs)。此外,通过整合蛋白质组和转录组数据,鉴定出一个新的生物标志物嗜铬蛋白B(chromogranin B,CHGB),在APA中显著表达下调,并进一步通过免疫组化染色得到了进一步验证。受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析显示,CHGB在区分正常组织和APA方面具有较高的特异性(AUC=0.856),显示其在APA发展中的潜在重要性。重要的是,CHGB和CYP11B2的联合提高了诊断APA的预测效能。结论我们的研究确定了参与APA发生的关键蛋白质和通路,并发现了一种新的蛋白质生物标志物来区分APA,可能成为预测APA的潜在生物标记物。这些发现为未来APA的分子诊断研究提供了理论依据。

LSM14B coordinates protein component expression in the P-body and controls oocyte maturation

The generation of mature and healthy oocytes is the most critical event in the entire female reproductive process,and the mechanisms regulating this process remain to be studied.Here,we demonstrate that Smith-like(LSM)family member 14B(LSM14B)regulates oocyte maturation,and the loss of LSM14B in mouse ovaries leads to abnormal oocyte MII arrest and female infertility.Next,we find the aberrant transcriptional activation,indicated by abnormal non-surrounded nucleolus and surrounded nucleolus oocyte proportions,and abnormal chromosome assembly and segregation in Lsm14b-deficient mouse oocytes.The global transcriptome analysis suggests that many transcripts involved in cytoplasmic processing body(P-body)function are altered in Lsm14b-deficient mouse oocytes.Deletion of Lsm14b results in the expression and/or localization changes of P-body components(such as LSM14A,DCP1A,and 4E-T).Notably,DDX6,a key component of the P-body,is downregulated and accumulates in the nuclei in Lsm14b-deficient mouse oocytes.Taken together,our data suggest that LSM14B links mouse oocyte maturation to female fertility through the regulation of the P-body.

基于近红外光谱的EPO-PLS测定小柴胡颗粒水分

目的:提高近红外光谱法测定小柴胡颗粒水分的准确性和稳定性,提升该测定方法的推广应用价值。方法:以水分含量为1.70%、1.80%、1.90%、2.00%、2.10%、2.20%、2.30%、2.40%、2.50%、2.60%和2.69%的小柴胡颗粒近红外光谱矩阵作为EPO重构矩阵,对420个小柴胡颗粒近红外光谱中9000~4000 cm^(-1)波段和水分特征光谱波段(4980~5140 cm^(-1)/6900~7010 cm^(-1))吸收度进行重构,综合多项模型评价指标(模型决定系数R2、校正均方根误差RMSEC、交互验证均方根误差RMSECV;60个外部验样品预测标准误差SEP、模型预测值和实测值间配对t检验结果),对比重构前后PLS的建模效果,并对该方法的精密度进行考察。结果:EPO重构可显著提升模型的稳定性和准确性,EPO+9000~4000 cm^(-1)波段建模效果最好,模型预测范围为1.68%~2.69%,最优主成分数为8,模型的决定系数R2为0.938,RMSEC和RMSECV分别为0.0429%和0.0476%,外部验证集的预测标准误差SEP为5.18%,在α=0.05显著水平60个验证集样品实测值和模型预测值下无显著差异。针对不同水分的3批次样品日内精密度在1.33%和1.54%之间,日间精密度在2.08%和2.21%之间。结论:EPO重构可显著提升小柴胡颗粒水分近红外光谱校正模型的稳定性和准确性,为近红外光谱分析技术应用于小柴胡颗粒水分快速测定的推广应用提供技术支撑。

A comparative study of two single-stage oral mucosal substitution urethroplasty(Kulkarni and Asopa)in the surgical treatments of lichen sclerosus urethral strictures

Long-segment lichen sclerosus(LS)urethral stricture is a challenge for urologists.Limited data are available for surgeons to make a surgical decision between Kulkarni and Asopa urethroplasty.In this retrospective study,we investigated the outcomes of these two procedures in patients with LS urethral stricture.Between January 2015 and December 2020,77 patients with LS urethral stricture underwent Kulkarni and Asopa procedures for urethroplasty in the Department of Urology,Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(Shanghai,China).Of the 77 patients,42(54.5%)underwent the Asopa procedure and 35(45.5%)underwent the Kulkarni procedure.The overall complication rate was 34.2%in the Kulkarni group and 19.0%in the Asopa group,and no difference was observed(P=0.105).Among the complications,no statistical difference was observed in the incidence of urethral stricture recurrence(P=0.724)or glans dehiscence(P=0.246)except for postoperative meatus stenosis(P=0.020).However,the recurrence-free survival rate between the two procedures was significantly different(P=0.016).Cox survival analysis showed that antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy use(P=0.020),diabetes(P=0.003),current/former smoking(P=0.019),coronary heart disease(P<0.001),and stricture length(P=0.028)may lead to a higher hazard ratio of complications.Even so,these two techniques can still provide acceptable results with their own advantages in the surgical treatment of LS urethral strictures.The surgical alternative should be considered comprehensively according to the patient characteristics and surgeon preferences.Moreover,our results showed that antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy use,diabetes,coronary heart disease,current/former smoking,and stricture length may be contributing factors of complications.Therefore,patients with LS are advised to undergo early interventions for better therapeutic effects.

Influence of ion species on extraction characteristicsof mixed ion beams

The spatial distributions of different kinds of ions are usually not completely the same in the process of extracting.In order to study the reason for the different characteristics of ion extraction, a simplified simulation model of Cu+ andCr+ ions extraction process was established by 2D3V (two-dimensional in space and three- dimensional in velocity space)particle-in-cell (PIC) method. The effects of different extraction voltages from 0 V to 500 V on the density distribution ofCu+ and Cr+ ions and the change of plasma emission surface were analyzed. On the basis of this model, the ion densitydistribution characteristics of Cu+ ions mixed with Li+, Mg+, K+, Fe+, Y+, Ag+, Xe+, Au+, and Pb+ ions respectivelyunder 200-V extraction voltage are further simulated, and it is revealed that the atomic mass of the ions is the key reason fordifferent ion density distributions when different kinds of ions are mixed and extracted, which provides support for furtherunderstanding of ion extraction characteristics.

面向多样化需求的网络切片业务链部署

网络切片通过业务链部署来实现切片的创建和编排。针对网络切片中的业务链部署,考虑了业务链的多样化需求,并引入了虚拟网络功能共享和准入控制,以降低部署成本并提高业务链的接受率。将上述问题建模成一个最大化网络净收益的优化模型,提出了部署算法。仿真结果表明,所提的部署算法优于已有的基准算法,能达到接近最优的性能。

用户动态接入下的多播业务链部署和调整方法

在网络功能虚拟化架构中,可通过部署多播业务链的方式实现多播业务。用户动态接入多播业务时,原有的部署方案可能会造成网络资源的浪费,使整体部署方案处于次优的状态。为了高效地调整多播业务链部署方案,综合虚拟化网络功能的迁移和网络资源的时变性,以最小化网络成本为目标建立动态多播业务链部署-调整模型。针对此模型设计了一种启发式算法,仿真实验结果证明了用所提算法可使网络成本接近最优解。

Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials

Metamaterials are artificial structures that are usually described by effective medium parameters on the macroscopic scale,and these metamaterials are referred to as‘analog metamaterials’.Here,we propose‘digital metamaterials’through two steps.First,we present‘coding metamaterials’that are composed of only two types of unit cells,with 0 and p phase responses,which we name‘0’and‘1’elements,respectively.By coding‘0’and‘1’elements with controlled sequences(i.e.,1-bit coding),we can manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves and realize different functionalities.The concept of coding metamaterials can be extended from 1-bit coding to 2-bit coding or higher.In 2-bit coding,four types of unit cells,with phase responses of 0,p/2,p,and 3p/2,are required to mimic the‘00’,‘01’,‘10’and‘11’elements,respectively.The 2-bit coding has greater freedom than 1-bit coding for controlling EM waves.Second,we propose a unique metamaterial particle that has either a‘0’or‘1’response controlled by a biased diode.Based on this particle,we present‘digital metamaterials’with unit cells that possess either a‘0’or‘1’state.Using a field-programmable gate array,we realize digital control over the digital metamaterial.By programming different coding sequences,a single digital metamaterial has the ability to manipulate EM waves in different manners,thereby realizing‘programmable metamaterials’.The above concepts and physical phenomena are confirmed through numerical simulations and experiments using metasurfaces.

Anisotropic coding metamaterials and their powerful manipulation of differently polarized terahertz waves

Metamaterials based on effective media can be used to produce a number of unusual physical properties(for example,negative refraction and invisibility cloaking)because they can be tailored with effective medium parameters that do not occur in nature.Recently,the use of coding metamaterials has been suggested for the control of electromagnetic waves through the design of coding sequences using digital elements‘0’and‘1,'which possess opposite phase responses.Here we propose the concept of an anisotropic coding metamaterial in which the coding behaviors in different directions are dependent on the polarization status of the electromagnetic waves.We experimentally demonstrate an ultrathin and flexible polarization-controlled anisotropic coding metasurface that functions in the terahertz regime using specially designed coding elements.By encoding the elements with elaborately designed coding sequences(both 1-bit and 2-bit sequences),the x-and y-polarized waves can be anomalously reflected or independently diffused in three dimensions.The simulated far-field scattering patterns and near-field distributions are presented to illustrate the dual-functional performance of the encoded metasurface,and the results are consistent with the measured results.We further demonstrate the ability of the anisotropic coding metasurfaces to generate a beam splitter and realize simultaneous anomalous reflections and polarization conversions,thus providing powerful control of differently polarized electromagnetic waves.The proposed method enables versatile beam behaviors under orthogonal polarizations using a single metasurface and has the potential for use in the development of interesting terahertz devices.

Multichannel direct transmissions of nearfield information

A digital-coding programmable metasurface(DCPM)is a type of functional system that is composed of subwavelength-scale digital coding elements with opposite phase responses.By configuring the digital coding elements,a DCPM can construct dynamic near-field image patterns in which the intensity of each pixel of the image can be dynamically and independently modulated.Thus,a DCPM can perform both spatial and temporal modulations.Here,this advantage is used to realize multichannel direct transmissions of near-field information.Three points are selected in the near-field region to form three independent channels.By applying various digital phase codes on the DCPM,independent binary digital symbols defined by amplitude codes(namely,weak and strong amplitudes)are transmitted through the three channels.The measured near-field distributions and temporal transmissions of the system agree with numerical calculations.Compared with the conventional multichannel transmission,the proposed mechanism achieves simultaneous spatial and temporal modulations by treating DCPM as an energy radiator and information modulator,thereby enduing DCPM with high potential in near-field information processing and communications.

Stochastic modelling of infectious diseases for heterogeneous populations

Background:Infectious diseases such as SARS and H1N1 can significantly impact people’s lives and cause severe social and economic damages.Recent outbreaks have stressed the urgency of effective research on the dynamics of infectious disease spread.However,it is difficult to predict when and where outbreaks may emerge and how infectious diseases spread because many factors affect their transmission,and some of them may be unknown.Methods:One feasible means to promptly detect an outbreak and track the progress of disease spread is to implement surveillance systems in regional or national health and medical centres.The accumulated surveillance data,including temporal,spatial,clinical,and demographic information can provide valuable information that can be exploited to better understand and model the dynamics of infectious disease spread.The aim of this work is to develop and empirically evaluate a stochastic model that allows the investigation of transmission patterns of infectious diseases in heterogeneous populations.Results:We test the proposed model on simulation data and apply it to the surveillance data from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic in Hong Kong.In the simulation experiment,our model achieves high accuracy in parameter estimation(less than 10.0%mean absolute percentage error).In terms of the forward prediction of case incidence,the mean absolute percentage errors are 17.3%for the simulation experiment and 20.0%for the experiment on the real surveillance data.Conclusion:We propose a stochastic model to study the dynamics of infectious disease spread in heterogeneous populations from temporal-spatial surveillance data.The proposed model is evaluated using both simulated data and the real data from the 2009 H1N1 epidemic in Hong Kong and achieves acceptable prediction accuracy.We believe that our model can provide valuable insights for public health authorities to predict the effect of disease spread and analyse its underlying factors and to guide new control efforts.