Highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)subtype H5Nx viruses have spread globally and are a major concern for poultry,wild birds,mammals,and even humans(de Vries et al.2015;Zeng et al.2022).The hemagglutinin(HA)genes o...Highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)subtype H5Nx viruses have spread globally and are a major concern for poultry,wild birds,mammals,and even humans(de Vries et al.2015;Zeng et al.2022).The hemagglutinin(HA)genes of H5 subtype viruses have evolved into multiple clades and some of these clades have been further divided into subclades(Cui et al.2022).Clade 2.3.4.4H5N8 HPAI viruses(HPAIVs)have caused several waves of disease outbreaks in wild birds and domestic poultry(Wang et al.2022).展开更多
Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord injury.Microglia and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-e...Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord injury.Microglia and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close interaction.However,the mechanisms involved remain unclear.In this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(MG1 and MG3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming phenotypes.The expression of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord injury.In vitro experiments showed that Gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between them.We further demonstrated that Gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the Yes-associated protein signaling pathway.This,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κB/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways.In vivo experiments showed that Gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function recovery.Overall,Gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord injury.It can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.展开更多
In 2023,Baishideng Publishing Group(Baishideng)routinely published 47 openaccess journals,including 46 English-language journals and 1 Chinese-language journal.Our successes were accomplished through the collective de...In 2023,Baishideng Publishing Group(Baishideng)routinely published 47 openaccess journals,including 46 English-language journals and 1 Chinese-language journal.Our successes were accomplished through the collective dedicated efforts of Baishideng staffs,Editorial Board Members,and Peer Reviewers.Among these 47 Baishideng journals,7 are included in the Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE)and 6 in the Emerging Sources Citation Index(ESCI).With the support of Baishideng authors,company staffs,Editorial Board Members,and Peer Reviewers,the publication work of 2023 is about to be successfully completed.This editorial summarizes the 2023 activities and accomplishments of the 13 SCIEand ESCI-indexed Baishideng journals,outlines the Baishideng publishing policy changes and additions made this year,and highlights the unique advantages of Baishideng journals.展开更多
Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)is a toxic,essential gas used in various biological and physical processes and has been the subject of many targeted studies on its role as a new gas transmitter.These studies have mainly focus...Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)is a toxic,essential gas used in various biological and physical processes and has been the subject of many targeted studies on its role as a new gas transmitter.These studies have mainly focused on the production and pharmacological side effects caused by H_(2)S.Therefore,effective strategies to remove H_(2)S has become a key research topic.Furthermore,the development of novel nanoplatforms has provided new tools for the targeted removal of H_(2)S.This paper was performed to review the association between H_(2)S anddisease,relatedH_(2)S inhibitory drugs,aswell as H_(2)S responsive nanoplatforms(HRNs).This review first analyzed the role of H_(2)S in multiple tissues and conditions.Second,common drugs used to eliminate H_(2)S,as well as their potential for combination with anticancer agents,were summarized.Not only the existing studies on HRNs,but also the inhibition H_(2)S combined with different therapeutic methods were both sorted out in this review.Furthermore,this review provided in-depth analysis of the potential of HRNs about treatment or detection in detail.Finally,potential challenges of HRNs were proposed.This study demonstrates the excellent potential of HRNs for biomedical applications.展开更多
The China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) upgrade project(CSNS-Ⅱ) aims to enhance the beam power from 100 to 500 kW. A dual-harmonic accelerating method has been adopted to alleviate the stronger space-charge effect ...The China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) upgrade project(CSNS-Ⅱ) aims to enhance the beam power from 100 to 500 kW. A dual-harmonic accelerating method has been adopted to alleviate the stronger space-charge effect in rapid-cycling synchrotrons owing to the increased beam intensity. To satisfy the requirements of dual-harmonic acceleration, a new radiofrequency(RF) system based on a magnetic alloy-loaded cavity is proposed. This paper presents design considerations and experimental results regarding the performance evaluation of the proposed RF system through high-power tests and beam commissioning. The test results demonstrate that the RF system satisfies the desired specifications and affords significant benefits for CSNS-Ⅱ.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Xuebijing(XBJ)can alleviate the inflammatory response,improve organ function,and shorten the intensive care unit(ICU)stay in patients with pyogenic liver abscess(PLA)complicated with sepsis,but the molecula...BACKGROUND:Xuebijing(XBJ)can alleviate the inflammatory response,improve organ function,and shorten the intensive care unit(ICU)stay in patients with pyogenic liver abscess(PLA)complicated with sepsis,but the molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated.This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of XBJ in treating PLA complicated with sepsis using a network pharmacology approach.METHODS:The active ingredients and targets of XBJ were retrieved from the ETCM database.Potential targets related to PLA and sepsis were retrieved from the GeneCards,PharmGKB,DisGeNet,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM),Therapeutic Targets Database(TTD),and DrugBank databases.The targets of PLA complicated with sepsis were mapped to the targets of XBJ to identify potential treatment targets.Protein-protein interaction networks were analyzed using the STRING database.Potential treatment targets were imported into the Metascape platform for Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses.Molecular docking was performed to validate the interactions between active ingredients and core targets.RESULTS:XBJ was found to have 54 potential treatment targets for PLA complicated with sepsis.Interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)were identifi ed as core targets.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed important pathways,including the interleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathway,the TNF signaling pathway,the nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway,and the Toll-like receptor(TLR)signaling pathway.Molecular docking experiments indicated stable binding between XBJ active ingredients and core targets.CONCLUSION:XBJ may exert therapeutic eff ects on PLA complicated with sepsis by modulating signaling pathways,such as the IL-17,TNF,NF-κB,and TLR pathways,and targeting IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF.展开更多
In recent years,intelligent data-driven prognostic methods have been successfully developed,and good machinery health assessment performance has been achieved through explorations of data from multiple sensors.However...In recent years,intelligent data-driven prognostic methods have been successfully developed,and good machinery health assessment performance has been achieved through explorations of data from multiple sensors.However,existing datafusion prognostic approaches generally rely on the data availability of all sensors,and are vulnerable to potential sensor malfunctions,which are likely to occur in real industries especially for machines in harsh operating environments.In this paper,a deep learning-based remaining useful life(RUL)prediction method is proposed to address the sensor malfunction problem.A global feature extraction scheme is adopted to fully exploit information of different sensors.Adversarial learning is further introduced to extract generalized sensor-invariant features.Through explorations of both global and shared features,promising and robust RUL prediction performance can be achieved by the proposed method in the testing scenarios with sensor malfunctions.The experimental results suggest the proposed approach is well suited for real industrial applications.展开更多
Previous studies have confirmed the relationship between iron-dependent ferroptosis and a peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain model.However,the role of fe rroptosis in inflammatory pain remains inconclusi...Previous studies have confirmed the relationship between iron-dependent ferroptosis and a peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain model.However,the role of fe rroptosis in inflammatory pain remains inconclusive.Therefore,we aimed to explore whether ferroptosis in the spinal cord and do rsal root ganglion contributes to complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)-induced painful behaviors in rats.Our results revealed that various biochemical and morphological changes were associated with ferroptosis in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion tissues of CFA rats.These changes included iron overload,enhanced lipid peroxidation,disorders of anti-acyl-coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 4 and glutathione peroxidase 4 levels,and abnormal morphological changes in mitochondria.Intrathecal treatment of liproxstatin-1(a ferroptosis inhibitor)reve rsed these ferroptosis-related changes and alleviated mechanical and thermal hype rsensitivities in CFA rats.Our study demonstrated the occurrence of fe rroptosis in the spinal cord and do rsal root ganglion tissues in a rodent model of inflammatory pain and indicated that intrathecal administration of fe rroptosis inhibitors,such as liproxstatin-1,is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating inflammatory pain.展开更多
Sleep benefits the restoration of energy metabolism and thereby suppo rts neuronal plasticity and cognitive behaviors.Sirt6 is a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that has been recognized as an essential regulator of...Sleep benefits the restoration of energy metabolism and thereby suppo rts neuronal plasticity and cognitive behaviors.Sirt6 is a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that has been recognized as an essential regulator of energy metabolism because it modulates various transcriptional regulators and metabolic enzymes.The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Sirt6 on cerebral function after chronic sleep deprivation(CSD).We assigned C57BL/6J mice to control or two CSD groups and subjected them to AAV2/9-CMV-EGFP or AAV2/9-CMV-Sirt6-EGFP infection in the prelimbic cortex(PrL).We then assessed cerebral functional connectivity(FC) using resting-state functional MRI,neuron/astrocyte metabolism using a metabolic kinetics analysis;dendritic spine densities using sparse-labeling;and miniature excitato ry postsynaptic currents(mEPSCs) and action potential(AP) firing rates using whole-cell patchclamp recordings.In addition,we evaluated cognition via a comprehensive set of behavioral tests.Compared with controls,Sirt6 was significantly decreased(P<0.05) in the PrL after CSD,accompanied by cognitive deficits and decreased FC between the PrL and accumbens nucleus,piriform cortex,motor co rtex,somatosensory co rtex,olfactory tubercle,insular cortex,and cerebellum.Sirt6 ove rexpression reve rsed CSD-induced cognitive impairment and reduced FC.Our analysis of metabolic kinetics using [1-13C] glucose and [2-13C] acetate showed that CSD reduced neuronal Glu4and GABA2synthesis,which could be fully restored via forced Sirt6 expression.Furthermore,Sirt6 ove rexpression reversed CSD-induced decreases in AP firing rates as well as the frequency and amplitude of mEPSCs in PrL pyramidal neurons.These data indicate that Sirt6 can improve cognitive impairment after CSD by regulating the PrL-associated FC network,neuronal glucose metabolism,and glutamatergic neurotransmission.Thus,Sirt6 activation may have potential as a novel strategy for treating sleep disorder-related diseases.展开更多
Experimental studies have shown that exercise and human adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)play positive roles in spinal cord injury(SCI).However,whether ADSCs and/or exercise have a positive effect on SCI-induced neuro...Experimental studies have shown that exercise and human adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)play positive roles in spinal cord injury(SCI).However,whether ADSCs and/or exercise have a positive effect on SCI-induced neuropathic pain is still unclear.Thus,there is a need to explore the effects of exercise combined with administration of ADSCs on neuropathic pain after SCI.In this study,a thoracic 11(T11)SCI contusion model was established in adult C57BL/6 mice.Exercise was initiated from 7 days post-injury and continued to 28 days post-injury,and approximately 1×105 ADSCs were transplanted into the T11 spinal cord lesion site immediately after SCI.Motor function and neuropathic pain-related behaviors were assessed weekly using the Basso Mouse Scale,von Frey filament test,Hargreaves method,and cold plate test.Histological studies(Eriochrome cyanine staining and immunohistochemistry)were performed at the end of the experiment(28 days post-injury).Exercise combined with administration of ADSCs partially improved early motor function(7,14,and 21 days postinjury),mechanical allodynia,mechanical hypoalgesia,thermal hyperalgesia,and thermal hypoalgesia.Administration of ADSCs reduced white and gray matter loss at the lesion site.In addition,fewer microglia and astrocytes(as identified by expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein,respectively)were present in the lumbar dorsal horn in the SCI+ADSCs and SCI+exercise+ADSCs groups compared with the sham group.Our findings suggest that exercise combined with administration of ADSCs is beneficial for the early recovery of motor function and could partially ameliorate SCIinduced neuropathic pain.展开更多
Copper-indium-gallium-diselenide(CIGS)is a fast-evolving commercial solar cell.The firm demand for global carbon reduction and the rise of potential environmental threats necessitate spent CIGS solar cell recycling.In...Copper-indium-gallium-diselenide(CIGS)is a fast-evolving commercial solar cell.The firm demand for global carbon reduction and the rise of potential environmental threats necessitate spent CIGS solar cell recycling.In this paper,the sources and characteristics of valuable metals in spent CIGS solar cells were reviewed.The potential environmental impacts of CIGS,including service life,critical material,and material toxicity,were outlined.The main recovery methods of valuable metals in the various types of spent CIGS,including hydrometallurgy,pyrometallurgy,and comprehensive treatment processes,were compared and discussed.The mechanism of different recovery processes was summarized.The challenges faced by different recycling processes of spent CIGS were also covered in this review.Finally,the economic viability of the recycling process was assessed.The purpose of this review is to provide reasonable suggestions for the sustainable development of CIGS and the harmless disposal of spent CIGS.展开更多
The sulfur cathodes operating via solid phase conversion of sulfur have natural advantages in suppressing polysulfide dissolution and lowering the electrolyte dosage,and thus realizing significant improvements in both...The sulfur cathodes operating via solid phase conversion of sulfur have natural advantages in suppressing polysulfide dissolution and lowering the electrolyte dosage,and thus realizing significant improvements in both cycle life and energy density.To realize an ideal solid-phase conversion of sulfur,a deep understanding of the regulation path of reaction mechanism and a corresponding intentional material and/or cathode design are highly essential.Herein,via covalently fixing of sulfur onto the triallyl isocyanurate,a series of S-triallyl isocyanurate organosulfur polymer composites(STIs) are developed.Relationship between the structure and the electrochemical conversion behavior of STIs is systematically investigated.It is found that the structure of STIs varies with the synthetic temperature,and correspondingly the electrochemical redox of sulfur can be controlled from conventional "solid-liquid-solid" conversion to the "solid-solid" one.Among the STI series,the STI-5 composite realizes an ideal solid-phase conversion and demonstrates great potential for building a Li-S battery with high-energy density and long-cyclelife:it realizes stable cycling over 1000 cycles in carbonate electrolyte,with a degradation rate of0.053% per cycle;the corresponding pouch cell shows almost no capacity decay for 125 cycles under the conditions of high sulfur loading(4.5 mg cm^(-2)) and lean electrolyte(8 μL mg_s^(-1)).In addition,the tailoring strategy of STI can also apply to other precursors with allyl functional groups to develop new organosulfur polymers for "solid-solid" sulfur cathodes.The vulcanized triallyl phosphate(STP) and triallylamine(STA) both show great lithium storage potential.This strategy successfully develops a new family of organosulfur polymers as cathodes for Li-S batteries via solid-phase conversion of sulfur,and brings insights to the mechanism study in Li-S batteries.展开更多
Objective This study aims to construct and validate a predictable deep learning model associated with clinical data and multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for short-term postoperative facial nerve function ...Objective This study aims to construct and validate a predictable deep learning model associated with clinical data and multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for short-term postoperative facial nerve function in patients with acoustic neuroma.Methods A total of 110 patients with acoustic neuroma who underwent surgery through the retrosigmoid sinus approach were included.Clinical data and raw features from four MRI sequences(T1-weighted,T2-weighted,T1-weighted contrast enhancement,and T2-weighted-Flair images)were analyzed.Spearman correlation analysis along with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used to screen combined clinical and radiomic features.Nomogram,machine learning,and convolutional neural network(CNN)models were constructed to predict the prognosis of facial nerve function on the seventh day after surgery.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate model performance.A total of 1050 radiomic parameters were extracted,from which 13 radiomic and 3 clinical features were selected.Results The CNN model performed best among all prediction models in the test set with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.89(95%CI,0.84–0.91).Conclusion CNN modeling that combines clinical and multi-sequence MRI radiomic features provides excellent performance for predicting short-term facial nerve function after surgery in patients with acoustic neuroma.As such,CNN modeling may serve as a potential decision-making tool for neurosurgery.展开更多
The rapid and accurate authentication of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has always been a key scientific and technical problem in the field of pharmaceutical analysis.Herein,a novel heating online extraction elect...The rapid and accurate authentication of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has always been a key scientific and technical problem in the field of pharmaceutical analysis.Herein,a novel heating online extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(H-oEESI-MS)was developed for the rapid and direct analysis of extremely complex substances without the requirement for any sample pretreatment or pre-separation steps.The overall molecular profile and fragment structure features of various herbal medicines could be completely captured within 10–15 s,with minimal sample(<0.5 mg)and solvent consumption(<20μL for one sample).Furthermore,a rapid differentiation and authentication strategy for TCMs based on H-oEESI-MS was proposed,including metabolic profile characterization,characteristic marker screening and identification,and multivariate statistical analysis model validation.In an analysis of 52 batches of seven types of Aconitum medicinal materials,20 and 21 key compounds were screened out as the characteristic markers of raw and processed Aconitum herbal medicines,respectively,and the possible structures of all the characteristic markers were comprehensively identified based on Compound Discoverer databases.Finally,multivariate statistical analysis showed that all the different types of herbal medicines were well differentiated and identified(R^(2)X>0.87,R^(2)Y>0.91,and Q^(2)>0.72),which further verified the feasibility and reliability of this comprehensive strategy for the rapid authentication of different TCMs based on H-oEESI-MS.In summary,this rapid authentication strategy realized the ultra-high-throughput,low-cost,and standardized detection of various complex TCMs for the first time,thereby demonstrating wide applicability and value for the development of quality standards for TCMs.展开更多
Hydrogenative rearrangement of biomas s-derived furfurals(furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to C_(5) cyclic compounds(such as cyclopentanones and cyclopentanols) offers an expedient reaction route for acquiring O...Hydrogenative rearrangement of biomas s-derived furfurals(furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to C_(5) cyclic compounds(such as cyclopentanones and cyclopentanols) offers an expedient reaction route for acquiring O-containing value-added chemicals thereby replacing the traditional petroleum-based approaches.The scope for developing efficient bifunctional catalysts and establishing mild reaction conditions for upgrading furfurals to cyclic compounds has stimulated immense deliberation in recent years.Extensive efforts have been made toward developing catalysts for multiple tandem conversions,including those with various metals and supports.In this scientific review,we aim to summarize the research progress on the synergistic effect of the metal-acid sites,including simple metal-supported acidic supports,adjacent metal acid sites-supported catalysts,and in situ H_(2)-modified bifunctional catalysts.Distinctively,the catalytic performance,catalytic mechanism,and future challenges for the hydrogenative rearrangement are elaborated in detail.The methods highlighted in this review promote the development of C_(5) cyclic compound synthesis and provide insights to regulate bifunctional catalysis for other applications.展开更多
Assuming a reservoir with a typical salt-lake background in the Qaidam Basin as a testbed,in this study the var-iation law of the rock electrical parameters has been determined through water displacement experiments w...Assuming a reservoir with a typical salt-lake background in the Qaidam Basin as a testbed,in this study the var-iation law of the rock electrical parameters has been determined through water displacement experiments with different salinities.As made evident by the results,the saturation index increases with the degree of water injec-tion.When the salinity of the injected water is lower than 80000 ppm,the resistivity of the rock samplefirst decreases,then it remains almost constant in an intermediate stage,andfinally it grows,thereby giving rise to a‘U’profile behavior.As the salinity decreases,the water saturation corresponding to the inflection point of the resistivity becomes lower,thereby leading to a wider‘U’type range and a higher terminal resistivity.For dif-ferent samples,higher initial resistivity of the sample in the oil-bearing state,and higher resistivity after low-sali-nity water washing are obtained when a thicker lithology is considered.展开更多
Circularly and elliptically polarized high-order harmonics have unique advantages when used in studying the chiral and magnetic features of matter.Here,we studied the polarization properties of high-order harmonics ge...Circularly and elliptically polarized high-order harmonics have unique advantages when used in studying the chiral and magnetic features of matter.Here,we studied the polarization properties of high-order harmonics generated from alignment nitrogen molecules driven by cross-linearly polarized two-color laser fields.Through adjusting various laser parameters and targets,such as the relative phase,the crossing angle,the intensity ratio of the driving fields,and the molecular alignment angle,we obtained highly elliptically polarized high-order harmonics with the same helicity in a wide spectral range.This provides a possible effective way to generate elliptically polarized attosecond pulses.Finally,we showed the probability of controlling the spectral range of elliptically polarized harmonics.展开更多
Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants.Melon is an annual,trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China.Melon seedlin...Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants.Melon is an annual,trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China.Melon seedlings are sensitive to low temperatures,and thus usually suffer from cold stress during the early growth period.However,little is known about the mechanism behind the trade-offs between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.In this study,a total of 31 primary metabolites were detected from the mature fruits of eight melon lines that differ with respect to seedling cold tolerance;these included 12 amino acids,10 organic acids,and 9 soluble sugars.Our results showed that concentrations of most of the primary metabolites in the cold-resistant melons were generally lower than in the cold-sensitive melons;the greatest difference in metabolite levels was observed between the cold-resistant line H581 and the moderately cold-resistant line HH09.The metabolite and transcriptome data for these two lines were then subjected to weighted correlation network analysis,resulting in the identification of five key candidate genes underlying the balancing between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality.Among these genes,CmEAF7 might play multiple roles in regulating chloroplast development,photosynthesis,and the ABA pathway.Furthermore,multi-method functional analysis showed that CmEAF7 can certainly improve both seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.Our study identified an agriculturally important gene,CmEAF7,and provides a new insight into breeding methods to develop melon cultivars with seedling cold tolerance and high fruit quality.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970501)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(2572022CG01)the National Forestry and Grassland Administration,China。
文摘Highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)subtype H5Nx viruses have spread globally and are a major concern for poultry,wild birds,mammals,and even humans(de Vries et al.2015;Zeng et al.2022).The hemagglutinin(HA)genes of H5 subtype viruses have evolved into multiple clades and some of these clades have been further divided into subclades(Cui et al.2022).Clade 2.3.4.4H5N8 HPAI viruses(HPAIVs)have caused several waves of disease outbreaks in wild birds and domestic poultry(Wang et al.2022).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos.81971151 (to YW), 82102528 (to XL), 82102583 (to LW)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China, Nos.2020A1515010265 (to YW), 2020A1515110679 (to XL), and 2021A1515010358 (to XL)
文摘Invasive inflammation and excessive scar formation are the main reasons for the difficulty in repairing nervous tissue after spinal cord injury.Microglia and astrocytes play key roles in the spinal cord injury micro-environment and share a close interaction.However,the mechanisms involved remain unclear.In this study,we found that after spinal cord injury,resting microglia(M0)were polarized into pro-inflammatory phenotypes(MG1 and MG3),while resting astrocytes were polarized into reactive and scar-forming phenotypes.The expression of growth arrest-specific 6(Gas6)and its receptor Axl were significantly down-regulated in microglia and astrocytes after spinal cord injury.In vitro experiments showed that Gas6 had negative effects on the polarization of reactive astrocytes and pro-inflammatory microglia,and even inhibited the cross-regulation between them.We further demonstrated that Gas6 can inhibit the polarization of reactive astrocytes by suppressing the activation of the Yes-associated protein signaling pathway.This,in turn,inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia by suppressing the activation of the nuclear factor-κB/p65 and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways.In vivo experiments showed that Gas6 inhibited the polarization of pro-inflammatory microglia and reactive astrocytes in the injured spinal cord,thereby promoting tissue repair and motor function recovery.Overall,Gas6 may play a role in the treatment of spinal cord injury.It can inhibit the inflammatory pathway of microglia and polarization of astrocytes,attenuate the interaction between microglia and astrocytes in the inflammatory microenvironment,and thereby alleviate local inflammation and reduce scar formation in the spinal cord.
文摘In 2023,Baishideng Publishing Group(Baishideng)routinely published 47 openaccess journals,including 46 English-language journals and 1 Chinese-language journal.Our successes were accomplished through the collective dedicated efforts of Baishideng staffs,Editorial Board Members,and Peer Reviewers.Among these 47 Baishideng journals,7 are included in the Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE)and 6 in the Emerging Sources Citation Index(ESCI).With the support of Baishideng authors,company staffs,Editorial Board Members,and Peer Reviewers,the publication work of 2023 is about to be successfully completed.This editorial summarizes the 2023 activities and accomplishments of the 13 SCIEand ESCI-indexed Baishideng journals,outlines the Baishideng publishing policy changes and additions made this year,and highlights the unique advantages of Baishideng journals.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(contract No.2019YFA0904800)National Nature Science Foundation of China(32030065,31722033,92049304 to Y.Z.)+5 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program(contract No.21YF1410300)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(contract No.10DZ2220500)The Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology(grant No.11DZ2260600)Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for CellMetabolism(Y.Z.)Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging(Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,2019-I2M-5-013 to Y.Z.)the State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)is a toxic,essential gas used in various biological and physical processes and has been the subject of many targeted studies on its role as a new gas transmitter.These studies have mainly focused on the production and pharmacological side effects caused by H_(2)S.Therefore,effective strategies to remove H_(2)S has become a key research topic.Furthermore,the development of novel nanoplatforms has provided new tools for the targeted removal of H_(2)S.This paper was performed to review the association between H_(2)S anddisease,relatedH_(2)S inhibitory drugs,aswell as H_(2)S responsive nanoplatforms(HRNs).This review first analyzed the role of H_(2)S in multiple tissues and conditions.Second,common drugs used to eliminate H_(2)S,as well as their potential for combination with anticancer agents,were summarized.Not only the existing studies on HRNs,but also the inhibition H_(2)S combined with different therapeutic methods were both sorted out in this review.Furthermore,this review provided in-depth analysis of the potential of HRNs about treatment or detection in detail.Finally,potential challenges of HRNs were proposed.This study demonstrates the excellent potential of HRNs for biomedical applications.
基金This work was supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11875270,U1832210,12205317)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2018015)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2019B1515120046).
文摘The China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) upgrade project(CSNS-Ⅱ) aims to enhance the beam power from 100 to 500 kW. A dual-harmonic accelerating method has been adopted to alleviate the stronger space-charge effect in rapid-cycling synchrotrons owing to the increased beam intensity. To satisfy the requirements of dual-harmonic acceleration, a new radiofrequency(RF) system based on a magnetic alloy-loaded cavity is proposed. This paper presents design considerations and experimental results regarding the performance evaluation of the proposed RF system through high-power tests and beam commissioning. The test results demonstrate that the RF system satisfies the desired specifications and affords significant benefits for CSNS-Ⅱ.
基金supported by Hunan Province Key Research and Development Program(2020SKC2004).
文摘BACKGROUND:Xuebijing(XBJ)can alleviate the inflammatory response,improve organ function,and shorten the intensive care unit(ICU)stay in patients with pyogenic liver abscess(PLA)complicated with sepsis,but the molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated.This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of XBJ in treating PLA complicated with sepsis using a network pharmacology approach.METHODS:The active ingredients and targets of XBJ were retrieved from the ETCM database.Potential targets related to PLA and sepsis were retrieved from the GeneCards,PharmGKB,DisGeNet,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM),Therapeutic Targets Database(TTD),and DrugBank databases.The targets of PLA complicated with sepsis were mapped to the targets of XBJ to identify potential treatment targets.Protein-protein interaction networks were analyzed using the STRING database.Potential treatment targets were imported into the Metascape platform for Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses.Molecular docking was performed to validate the interactions between active ingredients and core targets.RESULTS:XBJ was found to have 54 potential treatment targets for PLA complicated with sepsis.Interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)were identifi ed as core targets.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed important pathways,including the interleukin-17(IL-17)signaling pathway,the TNF signaling pathway,the nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway,and the Toll-like receptor(TLR)signaling pathway.Molecular docking experiments indicated stable binding between XBJ active ingredients and core targets.CONCLUSION:XBJ may exert therapeutic eff ects on PLA complicated with sepsis by modulating signaling pathways,such as the IL-17,TNF,NF-κB,and TLR pathways,and targeting IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(52025056)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(xzy012022062)。
文摘In recent years,intelligent data-driven prognostic methods have been successfully developed,and good machinery health assessment performance has been achieved through explorations of data from multiple sensors.However,existing datafusion prognostic approaches generally rely on the data availability of all sensors,and are vulnerable to potential sensor malfunctions,which are likely to occur in real industries especially for machines in harsh operating environments.In this paper,a deep learning-based remaining useful life(RUL)prediction method is proposed to address the sensor malfunction problem.A global feature extraction scheme is adopted to fully exploit information of different sensors.Adversarial learning is further introduced to extract generalized sensor-invariant features.Through explorations of both global and shared features,promising and robust RUL prediction performance can be achieved by the proposed method in the testing scenarios with sensor malfunctions.The experimental results suggest the proposed approach is well suited for real industrial applications.
基金supported by the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.2021A1515220081(to XL)。
文摘Previous studies have confirmed the relationship between iron-dependent ferroptosis and a peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain model.However,the role of fe rroptosis in inflammatory pain remains inconclusive.Therefore,we aimed to explore whether ferroptosis in the spinal cord and do rsal root ganglion contributes to complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)-induced painful behaviors in rats.Our results revealed that various biochemical and morphological changes were associated with ferroptosis in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion tissues of CFA rats.These changes included iron overload,enhanced lipid peroxidation,disorders of anti-acyl-coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 4 and glutathione peroxidase 4 levels,and abnormal morphological changes in mitochondria.Intrathecal treatment of liproxstatin-1(a ferroptosis inhibitor)reve rsed these ferroptosis-related changes and alleviated mechanical and thermal hype rsensitivities in CFA rats.Our study demonstrated the occurrence of fe rroptosis in the spinal cord and do rsal root ganglion tissues in a rodent model of inflammatory pain and indicated that intrathecal administration of fe rroptosis inhibitors,such as liproxstatin-1,is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating inflammatory pain.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81771160 (to ZZ),81671060 (to CC),31970973 (to JW),21921004 (to FX)Translational Medicine and In terdisciplinary Research Joint Fund of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,No.ZNJC201934 (to ZZ)。
文摘Sleep benefits the restoration of energy metabolism and thereby suppo rts neuronal plasticity and cognitive behaviors.Sirt6 is a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase that has been recognized as an essential regulator of energy metabolism because it modulates various transcriptional regulators and metabolic enzymes.The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Sirt6 on cerebral function after chronic sleep deprivation(CSD).We assigned C57BL/6J mice to control or two CSD groups and subjected them to AAV2/9-CMV-EGFP or AAV2/9-CMV-Sirt6-EGFP infection in the prelimbic cortex(PrL).We then assessed cerebral functional connectivity(FC) using resting-state functional MRI,neuron/astrocyte metabolism using a metabolic kinetics analysis;dendritic spine densities using sparse-labeling;and miniature excitato ry postsynaptic currents(mEPSCs) and action potential(AP) firing rates using whole-cell patchclamp recordings.In addition,we evaluated cognition via a comprehensive set of behavioral tests.Compared with controls,Sirt6 was significantly decreased(P<0.05) in the PrL after CSD,accompanied by cognitive deficits and decreased FC between the PrL and accumbens nucleus,piriform cortex,motor co rtex,somatosensory co rtex,olfactory tubercle,insular cortex,and cerebellum.Sirt6 ove rexpression reve rsed CSD-induced cognitive impairment and reduced FC.Our analysis of metabolic kinetics using [1-13C] glucose and [2-13C] acetate showed that CSD reduced neuronal Glu4and GABA2synthesis,which could be fully restored via forced Sirt6 expression.Furthermore,Sirt6 ove rexpression reversed CSD-induced decreases in AP firing rates as well as the frequency and amplitude of mEPSCs in PrL pyramidal neurons.These data indicate that Sirt6 can improve cognitive impairment after CSD by regulating the PrL-associated FC network,neuronal glucose metabolism,and glutamatergic neurotransmission.Thus,Sirt6 activation may have potential as a novel strategy for treating sleep disorder-related diseases.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81971151(to YW),82201360(to XC),82102583(to LW),and 82202739(to GPM)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Nos.YJ20210208 and 2022M713592+2 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China,No.2021A1515110188(to XC)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China,No.2020A1515010306(to LW)the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China,No.202102020040(to LW)。
文摘Experimental studies have shown that exercise and human adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)play positive roles in spinal cord injury(SCI).However,whether ADSCs and/or exercise have a positive effect on SCI-induced neuropathic pain is still unclear.Thus,there is a need to explore the effects of exercise combined with administration of ADSCs on neuropathic pain after SCI.In this study,a thoracic 11(T11)SCI contusion model was established in adult C57BL/6 mice.Exercise was initiated from 7 days post-injury and continued to 28 days post-injury,and approximately 1×105 ADSCs were transplanted into the T11 spinal cord lesion site immediately after SCI.Motor function and neuropathic pain-related behaviors were assessed weekly using the Basso Mouse Scale,von Frey filament test,Hargreaves method,and cold plate test.Histological studies(Eriochrome cyanine staining and immunohistochemistry)were performed at the end of the experiment(28 days post-injury).Exercise combined with administration of ADSCs partially improved early motor function(7,14,and 21 days postinjury),mechanical allodynia,mechanical hypoalgesia,thermal hyperalgesia,and thermal hypoalgesia.Administration of ADSCs reduced white and gray matter loss at the lesion site.In addition,fewer microglia and astrocytes(as identified by expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein,respectively)were present in the lumbar dorsal horn in the SCI+ADSCs and SCI+exercise+ADSCs groups compared with the sham group.Our findings suggest that exercise combined with administration of ADSCs is beneficial for the early recovery of motor function and could partially ameliorate SCIinduced neuropathic pain.
基金financially supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2232038)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52034002 and U1802253)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. FRF-TT-19-001)
文摘Copper-indium-gallium-diselenide(CIGS)is a fast-evolving commercial solar cell.The firm demand for global carbon reduction and the rise of potential environmental threats necessitate spent CIGS solar cell recycling.In this paper,the sources and characteristics of valuable metals in spent CIGS solar cells were reviewed.The potential environmental impacts of CIGS,including service life,critical material,and material toxicity,were outlined.The main recovery methods of valuable metals in the various types of spent CIGS,including hydrometallurgy,pyrometallurgy,and comprehensive treatment processes,were compared and discussed.The mechanism of different recovery processes was summarized.The challenges faced by different recycling processes of spent CIGS were also covered in this review.Finally,the economic viability of the recycling process was assessed.The purpose of this review is to provide reasonable suggestions for the sustainable development of CIGS and the harmless disposal of spent CIGS.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China (22075091)the National Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2021CFA066)。
文摘The sulfur cathodes operating via solid phase conversion of sulfur have natural advantages in suppressing polysulfide dissolution and lowering the electrolyte dosage,and thus realizing significant improvements in both cycle life and energy density.To realize an ideal solid-phase conversion of sulfur,a deep understanding of the regulation path of reaction mechanism and a corresponding intentional material and/or cathode design are highly essential.Herein,via covalently fixing of sulfur onto the triallyl isocyanurate,a series of S-triallyl isocyanurate organosulfur polymer composites(STIs) are developed.Relationship between the structure and the electrochemical conversion behavior of STIs is systematically investigated.It is found that the structure of STIs varies with the synthetic temperature,and correspondingly the electrochemical redox of sulfur can be controlled from conventional "solid-liquid-solid" conversion to the "solid-solid" one.Among the STI series,the STI-5 composite realizes an ideal solid-phase conversion and demonstrates great potential for building a Li-S battery with high-energy density and long-cyclelife:it realizes stable cycling over 1000 cycles in carbonate electrolyte,with a degradation rate of0.053% per cycle;the corresponding pouch cell shows almost no capacity decay for 125 cycles under the conditions of high sulfur loading(4.5 mg cm^(-2)) and lean electrolyte(8 μL mg_s^(-1)).In addition,the tailoring strategy of STI can also apply to other precursors with allyl functional groups to develop new organosulfur polymers for "solid-solid" sulfur cathodes.The vulcanized triallyl phosphate(STP) and triallylamine(STA) both show great lithium storage potential.This strategy successfully develops a new family of organosulfur polymers as cathodes for Li-S batteries via solid-phase conversion of sulfur,and brings insights to the mechanism study in Li-S batteries.
文摘Objective This study aims to construct and validate a predictable deep learning model associated with clinical data and multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for short-term postoperative facial nerve function in patients with acoustic neuroma.Methods A total of 110 patients with acoustic neuroma who underwent surgery through the retrosigmoid sinus approach were included.Clinical data and raw features from four MRI sequences(T1-weighted,T2-weighted,T1-weighted contrast enhancement,and T2-weighted-Flair images)were analyzed.Spearman correlation analysis along with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression were used to screen combined clinical and radiomic features.Nomogram,machine learning,and convolutional neural network(CNN)models were constructed to predict the prognosis of facial nerve function on the seventh day after surgery.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate model performance.A total of 1050 radiomic parameters were extracted,from which 13 radiomic and 3 clinical features were selected.Results The CNN model performed best among all prediction models in the test set with an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.89(95%CI,0.84–0.91).Conclusion CNN modeling that combines clinical and multi-sequence MRI radiomic features provides excellent performance for predicting short-term facial nerve function after surgery in patients with acoustic neuroma.As such,CNN modeling may serve as a potential decision-making tool for neurosurgery.
基金supported by the CACMS Innovation Fund,China(Grant Nos.:CI2021A04504 and CI2021A05206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:82104380,81891010,81891013,and 82074012)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes,China(Grant Nos.:ZZ14-YQ-047 and ZZXT202105)the Key Project at Central Government Level(Grant No.:2060302-2201-26)the Beijing Nova Program.
文摘The rapid and accurate authentication of traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs)has always been a key scientific and technical problem in the field of pharmaceutical analysis.Herein,a novel heating online extraction electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(H-oEESI-MS)was developed for the rapid and direct analysis of extremely complex substances without the requirement for any sample pretreatment or pre-separation steps.The overall molecular profile and fragment structure features of various herbal medicines could be completely captured within 10–15 s,with minimal sample(<0.5 mg)and solvent consumption(<20μL for one sample).Furthermore,a rapid differentiation and authentication strategy for TCMs based on H-oEESI-MS was proposed,including metabolic profile characterization,characteristic marker screening and identification,and multivariate statistical analysis model validation.In an analysis of 52 batches of seven types of Aconitum medicinal materials,20 and 21 key compounds were screened out as the characteristic markers of raw and processed Aconitum herbal medicines,respectively,and the possible structures of all the characteristic markers were comprehensively identified based on Compound Discoverer databases.Finally,multivariate statistical analysis showed that all the different types of herbal medicines were well differentiated and identified(R^(2)X>0.87,R^(2)Y>0.91,and Q^(2)>0.72),which further verified the feasibility and reliability of this comprehensive strategy for the rapid authentication of different TCMs based on H-oEESI-MS.In summary,this rapid authentication strategy realized the ultra-high-throughput,low-cost,and standardized detection of various complex TCMs for the first time,thereby demonstrating wide applicability and value for the development of quality standards for TCMs.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22178158, 52162014 and 22065024)Science and Technology Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province (No. GJJ2200402)+3 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No. 20224BAB213023)the Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of Jiangxi Province (No. 20224ACB213008)the Jiangxi Provincial Double Thousand Talents Plan-Youth Program (No. S2021GDQN0947)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (No. 2023NSCQ-MSX0052)
文摘Hydrogenative rearrangement of biomas s-derived furfurals(furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to C_(5) cyclic compounds(such as cyclopentanones and cyclopentanols) offers an expedient reaction route for acquiring O-containing value-added chemicals thereby replacing the traditional petroleum-based approaches.The scope for developing efficient bifunctional catalysts and establishing mild reaction conditions for upgrading furfurals to cyclic compounds has stimulated immense deliberation in recent years.Extensive efforts have been made toward developing catalysts for multiple tandem conversions,including those with various metals and supports.In this scientific review,we aim to summarize the research progress on the synergistic effect of the metal-acid sites,including simple metal-supported acidic supports,adjacent metal acid sites-supported catalysts,and in situ H_(2)-modified bifunctional catalysts.Distinctively,the catalytic performance,catalytic mechanism,and future challenges for the hydrogenative rearrangement are elaborated in detail.The methods highlighted in this review promote the development of C_(5) cyclic compound synthesis and provide insights to regulate bifunctional catalysis for other applications.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Technology(Grant No.CDYQCY202201)funded by the Key Laboratory of Shallow Geothermal Energy,Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China.The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive and valuable opinions gratefully.
文摘Assuming a reservoir with a typical salt-lake background in the Qaidam Basin as a testbed,in this study the var-iation law of the rock electrical parameters has been determined through water displacement experiments with different salinities.As made evident by the results,the saturation index increases with the degree of water injec-tion.When the salinity of the injected water is lower than 80000 ppm,the resistivity of the rock samplefirst decreases,then it remains almost constant in an intermediate stage,andfinally it grows,thereby giving rise to a‘U’profile behavior.As the salinity decreases,the water saturation corresponding to the inflection point of the resistivity becomes lower,thereby leading to a wider‘U’type range and a higher terminal resistivity.For dif-ferent samples,higher initial resistivity of the sample in the oil-bearing state,and higher resistivity after low-sali-nity water washing are obtained when a thicker lithology is considered.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12104389,12074329,and 12004323)the Nanhu Scholars Program for Young Scholars of XYNU.
文摘Circularly and elliptically polarized high-order harmonics have unique advantages when used in studying the chiral and magnetic features of matter.Here,we studied the polarization properties of high-order harmonics generated from alignment nitrogen molecules driven by cross-linearly polarized two-color laser fields.Through adjusting various laser parameters and targets,such as the relative phase,the crossing angle,the intensity ratio of the driving fields,and the molecular alignment angle,we obtained highly elliptically polarized high-order harmonics with the same helicity in a wide spectral range.This provides a possible effective way to generate elliptically polarized attosecond pulses.Finally,we showed the probability of controlling the spectral range of elliptically polarized harmonics.
基金Thisworkwas supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant numbers 31872101 and 32072564)the Henan Special Funds for Major Science and Technology(221100110400)+1 种基金the Excellent Youth Foundation of Henan Scientific Committee(222300420009)the Foundation for Young Talents of Henan Agricultural University(30500728).
文摘Trade-offs between survival and growth are widely observed in plants.Melon is an annual,trailing herb that produces economically valuable fruits that are traditionally cultivated in early spring in China.Melon seedlings are sensitive to low temperatures,and thus usually suffer from cold stress during the early growth period.However,little is known about the mechanism behind the trade-offs between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.In this study,a total of 31 primary metabolites were detected from the mature fruits of eight melon lines that differ with respect to seedling cold tolerance;these included 12 amino acids,10 organic acids,and 9 soluble sugars.Our results showed that concentrations of most of the primary metabolites in the cold-resistant melons were generally lower than in the cold-sensitive melons;the greatest difference in metabolite levels was observed between the cold-resistant line H581 and the moderately cold-resistant line HH09.The metabolite and transcriptome data for these two lines were then subjected to weighted correlation network analysis,resulting in the identification of five key candidate genes underlying the balancing between seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality.Among these genes,CmEAF7 might play multiple roles in regulating chloroplast development,photosynthesis,and the ABA pathway.Furthermore,multi-method functional analysis showed that CmEAF7 can certainly improve both seedling cold tolerance and fruit quality in melon.Our study identified an agriculturally important gene,CmEAF7,and provides a new insight into breeding methods to develop melon cultivars with seedling cold tolerance and high fruit quality.